Articles | Volume 22, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11255-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11255-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
02 Sep 2022
Research article |
| 02 Sep 2022
| 02 Sep 2022
What caused the interdecadal shift in the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impact on dust mass concentration over northwestern South Asia?
Lamei Shi
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Jiahua Zhang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Da Zhang
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Jingwen Wang
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Xianglei Meng
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Yuqin Liu
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban
Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Fengmei Yao
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China
Related authors
Yuqin Liu, Tao Lin, Juan Hong, Yonghong Wang, Lamei Shi, Yiyi Huang, Xian Wu, Hao Zhou, Jiahua Zhang, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12331–12358, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12331-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12331-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The four-dimensional variation of aerosol properties over the BTH, YRD and PRD (east China) were investigated using satellite observations from 2007 to 2020. Distinct differences between the aerosol optical depth and vertical distribution of the occurrence of aerosol types over these regions depend on season, aerosol loading and meteorological conditions. Day–night differences between the vertical distribution of aerosol types suggest effects of boundary layer dynamics and aerosol transport.
Yuqin Liu, Jiahua Zhang, Putian Zhou, Tao Lin, Juan Hong, Lamei Shi, Fengmei Yao, Jun Wu, Huadong Guo, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 18187–18202, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18187-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18187-2018, 2018
Xiang Yu, Huadong Guo, Jiahua Zhang, Yi Ma, Xiaopeng Wang, Guangsheng Liu, Mingming Xing, Nuo Xu, and Ayalkibet Seka
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-508, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-508, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Mapping the 3D distribution of oceanic nitrate is challenging. We developed a continual learning-based multilayer perceptron, integrating prior knowledge from numerical models and Biogeochemical Argo validation to reconstruct the pan-European 3D nitrate field from 2010 to 2023 (0–2000 m depth, monthly, 0.25° horizontal resolution) using sea surface environmental features. This dataset helps bridge observational gaps and enhances understanding of the ocean's interior environment.
Yuqin Liu, Tao Lin, Jiahua Zhang, Fu Wang, Yiyi Huang, Xian Wu, Hong Ye, Guoqin Zhang, Xin Cao, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4651–4673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4651-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4651-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A new method, the geographical detector method (GDM), has been applied to satellite data, in addition to commonly used statistical methods, to study the sensitivity of cloud properties to aerosol over China. Different constraints for aerosol and cloud liquid water path apply over polluted and clean areas. The GDM shows that cloud parameters are more sensitive to combinations of parameters than to individual parameters, but confounding effects due to co-variation of parameters cannot be excluded.
Hanna K. Lappalainen, Tuukka Petäjä, Timo Vihma, Jouni Räisänen, Alexander Baklanov, Sergey Chalov, Igor Esau, Ekaterina Ezhova, Matti Leppäranta, Dmitry Pozdnyakov, Jukka Pumpanen, Meinrat O. Andreae, Mikhail Arshinov, Eija Asmi, Jianhui Bai, Igor Bashmachnikov, Boris Belan, Federico Bianchi, Boris Biskaborn, Michael Boy, Jaana Bäck, Bin Cheng, Natalia Chubarova, Jonathan Duplissy, Egor Dyukarev, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Martin Forsius, Martin Heimann, Sirkku Juhola, Vladimir Konovalov, Igor Konovalov, Pavel Konstantinov, Kajar Köster, Elena Lapshina, Anna Lintunen, Alexander Mahura, Risto Makkonen, Svetlana Malkhazova, Ivan Mammarella, Stefano Mammola, Stephany Buenrostro Mazon, Outi Meinander, Eugene Mikhailov, Victoria Miles, Stanislav Myslenkov, Dmitry Orlov, Jean-Daniel Paris, Roberta Pirazzini, Olga Popovicheva, Jouni Pulliainen, Kimmo Rautiainen, Torsten Sachs, Vladimir Shevchenko, Andrey Skorokhod, Andreas Stohl, Elli Suhonen, Erik S. Thomson, Marina Tsidilina, Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, Petteri Uotila, Aki Virkkula, Nadezhda Voropay, Tobias Wolf, Sayaka Yasunaka, Jiahua Zhang, Yubao Qiu, Aijun Ding, Huadong Guo, Valery Bondur, Nikolay Kasimov, Sergej Zilitinkevich, Veli-Matti Kerminen, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4413–4469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We summarize results during the last 5 years in the northern Eurasian region, especially from Russia, and introduce recent observations of the air quality in the urban environments in China. Although the scientific knowledge in these regions has increased, there are still gaps in our understanding of large-scale climate–Earth surface interactions and feedbacks. This arises from limitations in research infrastructures and integrative data analyses, hindering a comprehensive system analysis.
Yuqin Liu, Tao Lin, Juan Hong, Yonghong Wang, Lamei Shi, Yiyi Huang, Xian Wu, Hao Zhou, Jiahua Zhang, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12331–12358, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12331-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12331-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The four-dimensional variation of aerosol properties over the BTH, YRD and PRD (east China) were investigated using satellite observations from 2007 to 2020. Distinct differences between the aerosol optical depth and vertical distribution of the occurrence of aerosol types over these regions depend on season, aerosol loading and meteorological conditions. Day–night differences between the vertical distribution of aerosol types suggest effects of boundary layer dynamics and aerosol transport.
Yuqin Liu, Jiahua Zhang, Putian Zhou, Tao Lin, Juan Hong, Lamei Shi, Fengmei Yao, Jun Wu, Huadong Guo, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 18187–18202, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18187-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18187-2018, 2018
Yuqin Liu, Gerrit de Leeuw, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Jiahua Zhang, Putian Zhou, Wei Nie, Ximeng Qi, Juan Hong, Yonghong Wang, Aijun Ding, Huadong Guo, Olaf Krüger, Markku Kulmala, and Tuukka Petäjä
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5623–5641, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5623-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5623-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The aerosol effects on warm cloud parameters over the Yangtze River Delta are systematically examined using multi-sensor retrievals. This study shows that the COT–CDR and CWP–CDR relationships are not unique, but are affected by atmospheric aerosol loading. CDR and cloud fraction show different behaviours for low and high AOD. Aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) is stronger for clouds mixed with smoke aerosol than for clouds mixed with dust. Meteorological conditions play an important role in ACI.
Hanna K. Lappalainen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Theo Kurten, Aleksander Baklanov, Anatoly Shvidenko, Jaana Bäck, Timo Vihma, Pavel Alekseychik, Meinrat O. Andreae, Stephen R. Arnold, Mikhail Arshinov, Eija Asmi, Boris Belan, Leonid Bobylev, Sergey Chalov, Yafang Cheng, Natalia Chubarova, Gerrit de Leeuw, Aijun Ding, Sergey Dobrolyubov, Sergei Dubtsov, Egor Dyukarev, Nikolai Elansky, Kostas Eleftheriadis, Igor Esau, Nikolay Filatov, Mikhail Flint, Congbin Fu, Olga Glezer, Aleksander Gliko, Martin Heimann, Albert A. M. Holtslag, Urmas Hõrrak, Juha Janhunen, Sirkku Juhola, Leena Järvi, Heikki Järvinen, Anna Kanukhina, Pavel Konstantinov, Vladimir Kotlyakov, Antti-Jussi Kieloaho, Alexander S. Komarov, Joni Kujansuu, Ilmo Kukkonen, Ella-Maria Duplissy, Ari Laaksonen, Tuomas Laurila, Heikki Lihavainen, Alexander Lisitzin, Alexsander Mahura, Alexander Makshtas, Evgeny Mareev, Stephany Mazon, Dmitry Matishov, Vladimir Melnikov, Eugene Mikhailov, Dmitri Moisseev, Robert Nigmatulin, Steffen M. Noe, Anne Ojala, Mari Pihlatie, Olga Popovicheva, Jukka Pumpanen, Tatjana Regerand, Irina Repina, Aleksei Shcherbinin, Vladimir Shevchenko, Mikko Sipilä, Andrey Skorokhod, Dominick V. Spracklen, Hang Su, Dmitry A. Subetto, Junying Sun, Arkady Y. Terzhevik, Yuri Timofeyev, Yuliya Troitskaya, Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen, Viacheslav I. Kharuk, Nina Zaytseva, Jiahua Zhang, Yrjö Viisanen, Timo Vesala, Pertti Hari, Hans Christen Hansson, Gennady G. Matvienko, Nikolai S. Kasimov, Huadong Guo, Valery Bondur, Sergej Zilitinkevich, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14421–14461, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14421-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14421-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
After kick off in 2012, the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program has expanded fast and today the multi-disciplinary research community covers ca. 80 institutes and a network of ca. 500 scientists from Europe, Russia, and China. Here we introduce scientific topics relevant in this context. This is one of the first multi-disciplinary overviews crossing scientific boundaries, from atmospheric sciences to socio-economics and social sciences.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Laboratory Studies | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
Wind-driven emission of marine ice-nucleating particles in the Scripps Ocean-Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS)
Measurement report: The ice-nucleating activity of lichen sampled in a northern European boreal forest
Insights into the real part of natural sea spray aerosol refractive index in the Pacific Ocean
Partitioning of ionic surfactants in aerosol droplets containing glutaric acid, sodium chloride, or sea salts
Viscosity of aqueous ammonium nitrate–organic particles: equilibrium partitioning may be a reasonable assumption for most tropospheric conditions
Spectral optical properties of soot: laboratory investigation of propane flame particles and their link to composition
Determination of the Atmospheric Volatility of Pesticides using Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry
Role of sea spray aerosol at the air–sea interface in transporting aromatic acids to the atmosphere
Modeling the influence of carbon branching structure on secondary organic aerosol formation via multiphase reactions of alkanes
Technical note: Characterization of a single-beam gradient force aerosol optical tweezer for droplet trapping, phase transition monitoring, and morphology studies
Soot aerosols from commercial aviation engines are poor ice-nucleating particles at cirrus cloud temperatures
Contribution of brown carbon to light absorption in emissions of European residential biomass combustion appliances
Measurement report: Water diffusion in single suspended phase-separated aerosols
Water activity and surface tension of aqueous ammonium sulfate and D-glucose aerosol nanoparticles
Jet aircraft lubrication oil droplets as contrail ice-forming particles
A study on the influence of inorganic ions, organic carbon and microstructure on the hygroscopic property of soot
Is transport of microplastics different from mineral particles? Idealized wind tunnel studies on polyethylene microspheres
Insights into secondary organic aerosol formation from the day- and nighttime oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and furans in an oxidation flow reactor
Analysis of insoluble particles in hailstones in China
Influence of acidity on liquid–liquid phase transitions of mixed secondary organic aerosol (SOA) proxy–inorganic aerosol droplets
Deposition freezing, pore condensation freezing and adsorption: three processes, one description?
Measurements and calculations of enhanced side- and back-scattering of visible radiation by black carbon aggregates
Direct observation for relative-humidity-dependent mixing states of submicron particles containing organic surfactants and inorganic salts
Complex refractive index and single scattering albedo of Icelandic dust in the shortwave part of the spectrum
Volatility of aerosol particles from NO3 oxidation of various biogenic organic precursors
Saturation vapor pressure characterization of selected low-volatility organic compounds using a residence time chamber
Influence of the previous North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the spring dust aerosols over North China
HUB: a method to model and extract the distribution of ice nucleation temperatures from drop-freezing experiments
Size-dependent hygroscopicity of levoglucosan and D-glucose aerosol nanoparticles
Technical note: Sublimation of frozen CsCl solutions in an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) – determining the number and size of salt particles relevant to sea salt aerosols
Microphysics of liquid water in sub-10 nm ultrafine aerosol particles
Comparing the ice nucleation properties of the kaolin minerals kaolinite and halloysite
Physicochemical properties of charcoal aerosols derived from biomass pyrolysis affect their ice-nucleating abilities at cirrus and mixed-phase cloud conditions
Reconsideration of surface tension and phase state effects on cloud condensation nuclei activity based on the atomic force microscopy measurement
Hygroscopicity and CCN potential of DMS-derived aerosol particles
Hybrid water adsorption and solubility partitioning for aerosol hygroscopicity and droplet growth
Experimental development of a lake spray source function and its model implementation for Great Lakes surface emissions
The effectiveness of the coagulation sink of 3–10 nm atmospheric particles
Measurement report: An exploratory study of fluorescence and cloud condensation nuclei activity of urban aerosols in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Viscosity and physical state of sucrose mixed with ammonium sulfate droplets
Distribution and stable carbon isotopic composition of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls in fresh and aged biomass burning aerosols
Time dependence of heterogeneous ice nucleation by ambient aerosols: laboratory observations and a formulation for models
Laboratory studies of ice nucleation onto bare and internally mixed soot–sulfuric acid particles
Enhanced soot particle ice nucleation ability induced by aggregate compaction and densification
Opinion: Insights into updating Ambient Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC
On the evolution of sub- and super-saturated water uptake of secondary organic aerosol in chamber experiments from mixed precursors
Hygroscopicity of organic compounds as a function of organic functionality, water solubility, molecular weight, and oxidation level
Particle emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine as ice nuclei in immersion freezing mode: a laboratory study on fossil and renewable fuels
Comparison of saturation vapor pressures of α-pinene + O3 oxidation products derived from COSMO-RS computations and thermal desorption experiments
Physical and chemical properties of black carbon and organic matter from different combustion and photochemical sources using aerodynamic aerosol classification
Kathryn A. Moore, Thomas C. J. Hill, Chamika K. Madawala, Raymond J. Leibensperger III, Samantha Greeney, Christopher D. Cappa, M. Dale Stokes, Grant B. Deane, Christopher Lee, Alexei V. Tivanski, Kimberly A. Prather, and Paul J. DeMott
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3131–3159, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3131-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3131-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents results from the first study in a new wind–wave channel at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The experiment tested how wind over the ocean surface influences production of sea spray particles, which are important for radiative forcing and cloud formation in the atmosphere. We found that particle concentration and chemical composition varied with wind speed and that variations were driven by changes in wind and wave breaking rather than seawater biology or chemistry.
Ulrike Proske, Michael P. Adams, Grace C. E. Porter, Mark A. Holden, Jaana Bäck, and Benjamin J. Murray
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 979–995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-979-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-979-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) aid the freezing of water droplets in clouds and thus modify cloud properties. In a campaign in a Finnish boreal forest, biological INPs were observed, despite many of their potential biological sources being snow-covered. We sampled tree-dwelling lichens that were not covered in snow and tested their ice nucleation ability in the laboratory. We found that the lichen harbours INPs, which may be important in similar snowy environments.
Chengyi Fan, Bishuo He, Shuqi Guo, Jie Qiu, and Chunsheng Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3527, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3527, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Marine aerosols play a critical role in weather and climate and their real part of the refractive index (RRI) is a key factor in their radiative effects. We present a study of RRI measurements using optical tweezers technology and find the calculated results of RRI using traditional method disagree with the measurements. A parameterization of the RRI and relative humidity relationship is proposed and it will improve the radiation calculation in numerical models.
Alison Bain, Kunal Ghosh, Konstantin Tumashevich, Nonne L. Prisle, and Bryan R. Bzdek
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3993, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3993, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we measure the surface tension of picolitre volume droplets containing strong ionic surfactants and cosolutes. These measurements are compared to surface tension predictions using two independent surfactant partitioning models. We find that when salting out occurs, one model outperforms the other. These results highlight the importance of validating surfactant partitioning models against experimental data before applying them to predict the surface tension of ambient aerosol.
Liviana K. Klein, Allan K. Bertram, Andreas Zuend, Florence Gregson, and Ulrich K. Krieger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13341–13359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13341-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13341-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The viscosity of ammonium nitrate–sucrose–H2O was quantified with three methods ranging from liquid to solid state depending on the relative humidity. Moreover, the corresponding estimated internal aerosol mixing times remained below 1 h for most tropospheric conditions, making equilibrium partitioning a reasonable assumption.
Johannes Heuser, Claudia Di Biagio, Jerome Yon, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Edouard Pangui, Marco Zanatta, Laura Renzi, Angela Marinoni, Satoshi Inomata, Chenjie Yu, Vera Bernardoni, Servanne Chevaillier, Daniel Ferry, Paolo Laj, Michel Maillé, Dario Massabò, Federico Mazzei, Gael Noyalet, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Brice Temime-Roussel, Roberta Vecchi, Virginia Vernocchi, Paola Formenti, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, and Jean-François Doussin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2381, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2381, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The spectral optical properties of combustion soot aerosols with varying black (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) content were studied in an atmospheric simulation chamber. Measurements of the mass spectral absorption cross section (MAC), supplement by literature data, allowed to establish a generalized exponential relationship between the spectral MAC and the elemental-to-total carbon ratio (EC/TC) in soot. This relationship can provide a useful tool for modelling the properties of soot.
Olivia Mae Jackson, Aristeidis Voliotis, Thomas J. Bannan, Simon P. O'Meara, Gordon McFiggans, Dave Johnson, and Hugh Coe
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2380, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2380, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The paper details a method of measuring volatility of pesticides using chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (CIMS) to calculate vapour pressure. This was then compared to current literature values and commonly used models. The exact nature of the literature values often remain uncertain due to being hidden in industrial reports. The results show that the method used primarily matches current literature values and any difference can be explained by method differences either in the methodology.
Yaru Song, Jianlong Li, Narcisse Tsona Tchinda, Kun Li, and Lin Du
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5847–5862, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5847-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5847-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aromatic acids can be transferred from seawater to the atmosphere through bubble bursting. The air–sea transfer efficiency of aromatic acids was evaluated by simulating SSA generation with a plunging jet. As a whole, the transfer capacity of aromatic acids may depend on their functional groups and on the bridging effect of cations, as well as their concentration in seawater, as these factors influence the global emission flux of aromatic acids via SSA.
Azad Madhu, Myoseon Jang, and Yujin Jo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5585–5602, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5585-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5585-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from branched alkanes (BAs) was simulated using the UNIPAR model, which predicted SOA growth via multiphase reactions of hydrocarbons, and compared with chamber data. Product distributions (PDs) of BAs were created by extrapolating PDs of linear alkanes (LAs). To account for methyl branching, an autoxidation reduction factor was applied to PDs. BAs in diesel fuel were shown to produce a higher proportion of SOA compared with LAs.
Xiangyu Pei, Yikan Meng, Yueling Chen, Huichao Liu, Yao Song, Zhengning Xu, Fei Zhang, Thomas C. Preston, and Zhibin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5235–5246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5235-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5235-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
An aerosol optical tweezer (AOT) Raman spectroscopy system is developed to capture a single aerosol droplet for phase transition monitoring and morphology studies. Rapid droplet capture is achieved and accurate droplet size and refractive index are retrieved. Results indicate that mixed inorganic/organic droplets are more inclined to form core–shell morphology when RH decreases. The phase transitions of secondary mixed organic aerosol/inorganic droplets vary with their precursors.
Baptiste Testa, Lukas Durdina, Peter A. Alpert, Fabian Mahrt, Christopher H. Dreimol, Jacinta Edebeli, Curdin Spirig, Zachary C. J. Decker, Julien Anet, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4537–4567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4537-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4537-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laboratory experiments on the ice nucleation of real commercial aviation soot particles are investigated for their cirrus cloud formation potential. Our results show that aircraft-emitted soot in the upper troposphere will be poor ice-nucleating particles. Measuring the soot particle morphology and modifying their mixing state allow us to elucidate why these particles are ineffective at forming ice, in contrast to previously used soot surrogates.
Satish Basnet, Anni Hartikainen, Aki Virkkula, Pasi Yli-Pirilä, Miika Kortelainen, Heikki Suhonen, Laura Kilpeläinen, Mika Ihalainen, Sampsa Väätäinen, Juho Louhisalmi, Markus Somero, Jarkko Tissari, Gert Jakobi, Ralf Zimmermann, Antti Kilpeläinen, and Olli Sippula
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3197–3215, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3197-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3197-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) emissions were estimated, for residential wood combustion (RWC) from various northern European appliances, utilizing an extensive seven-wavelength aethalometer dataset and thermal–optical carbon analysis. The contribution of BrC370–950 to the absorption of visible light varied between 1 % and 21 %, and was linked with fuel moisture content and combustion efficiency. This study provides important information required for assessing the climate effects of RWC emissions.
Yu-Kai Tong, Zhijun Wu, Min Hu, and Anpei Ye
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2937–2950, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2937-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2937-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The interplay between aerosols and moisture is one of the most crucial atmospheric processes. However, to date, literature results on the influence of phase separation on water diffusion in aerosols are divergent. This work directly unveiled the water diffusion process in single suspended phase-separated microdroplets and quantitatively analyzed the diffusion rate and extent. The results show that diffusion limitations and certain molecule clusters existed in the phase-separated aerosols.
Eugene F. Mikhailov, Sergey S. Vlasenko, and Alexei A. Kiselev
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2971–2984, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2971-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2971-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Surface tension and water activity are key thermodynamic parameters determining the impact of atmospheric aerosols on human health and climate. However, these parameters are not well constrained for nanoparticles composed of organic and inorganic compounds. In this study, we determined for the first time the water activity and surface tension of mixed organic/inorganic nanodroplets by applying a differential Köhler analysis (DKA) to hygroscopic growth measurements.
Joel Ponsonby, Leon King, Benjamin J. Murray, and Marc E. J. Stettler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2045–2058, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2045-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2045-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol emissions from aircraft engines contribute to the formation of contrails, which have a climate impact as important as that of aviation’s CO2 emissions. For the first time, we experimentally investigate the freezing behaviour of water droplets formed on jet lubrication oil aerosol. We show that they can activate to form water droplets and discuss their potential impact on contrail formation. Our study has implications for contrails produced by future aircraft engine and fuel technologies.
Zhanyu Su, Lanxiadi Chen, Yuan Liu, Peng Zhang, Tianzeng Chen, Biwu Chu, Mingjin Tang, Qingxin Ma, and Hong He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 993–1003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-993-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-993-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, different soot particles were analyzed to better understand their behavior. It was discovered that water-soluble substances in soot facilitate water adsorption at low humidity while increasing the number of water layers at high humidity. Soot from organic fuels exhibits hygroscopicity influenced by organic carbon and microstructure. Additionally, the presence of sulfate ions due to the oxidation of SO2 enhances soot's hygroscopicity.
Eike Maximilian Esders, Sebastian Sittl, Inka Krammel, Wolfgang Babel, Georg Papastavrou, and Christoph Karl Thomas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15835–15851, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Do microplastics behave differently from mineral particles when they are exposed to wind? We observed plastic and mineral particles in a wind tunnel and measured at what wind speeds the particles start to move. The results indicate that microplastics start to move at smaller wind speeds as they weigh less and are less sticky. Hence, we think that microplastics also move more easily in the environment.
Abd El Rahman El Mais, Barbara D'Anna, Luka Drinovec, Andrew T. Lambe, Zhe Peng, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, Selim Aït-Aïssa, and Alexandre Albinet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15077–15096, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15077-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15077-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) and furans are key precursors of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) related to biomass burning emissions. We evaluated and compared the formation yields, and the physical and light absorption properties, of laboratory-generated SOAs from the oxidation of such compounds for both, day- and nighttime reactivities. The results illustrate that PAHs are large SOA precursors and may contribute significantly to the biomass burning brown carbon in the atmosphere.
Haifan Zhang, Xiangyu Lin, Qinghong Zhang, Kai Bi, Chan-Pang Ng, Yangze Ren, Huiwen Xue, Li Chen, and Zhuolin Chang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13957–13971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13957-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13957-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work is the first study to simultaneously analyze the number concentrations and species of insoluble particles in hailstones. The size distribution of insoluble particles for each species vary greatly in different hailstorms but little in shells. Two classic size distribution modes of organics and dust were fitted for the description of insoluble particles in deep convection. Combining this study with future experiments will lead to refinement of weather and climate models.
Yueling Chen, Xiangyu Pei, Huichao Liu, Yikan Meng, Zhengning Xu, Fei Zhang, Chun Xiong, Thomas C. Preston, and Zhibin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10255–10265, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of acidity on the phase transition behavior of levitated aerosol particles was examined. Our results revealed that lower acidity decreases the separation relative humidity of aerosol droplets mixed with ammonium sulfate and secondary organic aerosol proxy. Our research suggests that in real atmospheric conditions, with the high acidity found in many ambient aerosol particles, droplets encounter heightened impediments to phase separation and tend to display a homogeneous structure.
Mária Lbadaoui-Darvas, Ari Laaksonen, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10057–10074, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10057-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10057-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Heterogeneous ice nucleation is the main ice formation mechanism in clouds. The mechanism of different freezing modes is to date unknown, which results in large model biases. Experiments do not allow for direct observation of ice nucleation at its native resolution. This work uses first principles molecular simulations to determine the mechanism of the least-understood ice nucleation mode and link it to adsorption through a novel modeling framework that unites ice and droplet formation.
Carynelisa Haspel, Cuiqi Zhang, Martin J. Wolf, Daniel J. Cziczo, and Maor Sela
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10091–10115, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10091-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10091-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Small particles, commonly termed aerosols, can be found throughout the atmosphere and come from both natural and anthropogenic sources. One important type of aerosol is black carbon (BC). In this study, we conducted laboratory measurements of light scattering by particles meant to mimic atmospheric BC and compared them to calculations of scattering. We find that it is likely that calculations underpredict the scattering by BC particles of certain polarizations of light in certain directions.
Chun Xiong, Binyu Kuang, Fei Zhang, Xiangyu Pei, Zhengning Xu, and Zhibin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8979–8991, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8979-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8979-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In hydration, an apparent water diffusion hindrance by an organic surfactant shell was confirmed, raising the inorganic deliquescence relative humidity (RH) to a nearly saturated condition. In dehydration, phase separations were observed for inorganic surfactant systems, showing a strong dependence on the organic molecular
oxygen-to-carbon ratio. Our results could improve fundamental knowledge about aerosol mixing states and decrease uncertainty in model estimations of global radiative effects.
Clarissa Baldo, Paola Formenti, Claudia Di Biagio, Gongda Lu, Congbo Song, Mathieu Cazaunau, Edouard Pangui, Jean-Francois Doussin, Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova, Olafur Arnalds, David Beddows, A. Robert MacKenzie, and Zongbo Shi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7975–8000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7975-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7975-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents new shortwave spectral complex refractive index and single scattering albedo data for Icelandic dust. Our results show that the imaginary part of the complex refractive index of Icelandic dust is at the upper end of the range of low-latitude dust. Furthermore, we observed that Icelandic dust is more absorbing towards the near-infrared, which we attribute to its high magnetite content. These findings are important for modeling dust aerosol radiative effects in the Arctic.
Emelie L. Graham, Cheng Wu, David M. Bell, Amelie Bertrand, Sophie L. Haslett, Urs Baltensperger, Imad El Haddad, Radovan Krejci, Ilona Riipinen, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7347–7362, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7347-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7347-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The volatility of an aerosol particle is an important parameter for describing its atmospheric lifetime. We studied the volatility of secondary organic aerosols from nitrate-initiated oxidation of three biogenic precursors with experimental methods and model simulations. We saw higher volatility than for the corresponding ozone system, and our simulations produced variable results with different parameterizations which warrant a re-evaluation of the treatment of the nitrate functional group.
Zijun Li, Noora Hyttinen, Miika Vainikka, Olli-Pekka Tikkasalo, Siegfried Schobesberger, and Taina Yli-Juuti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6863–6877, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6863-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6863-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The saturation vapor pressure (psat) of low-volatility organic compounds (LVOCs) governs their partitioning between the gas and particle phases. To estimate the psat of selected LVOCs, we performed particle evaporation measurements in a residence time chamber at a temperature setting relevant to atmospheric aerosol formation and conducted state-of-the-art computational calculations. We found good agreement between the experimentally measured and model-estimated psat values for most LVOCs.
Yan Li, Falei Xu, Juan Feng, Mengying Du, Wenjun Song, Chao Li, and Wenjing Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6021–6042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6021-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
There is a significantly negative relationship between boreal winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and dust aerosols (DAs) in the eastern part of China (30–40°N, 105–120°E), which is not a DA source area but is severely affected by the dust events (DEs). Under the effect of the NAO negative phase, main atmospheric circulation during the DEs is characterized by variation of the transient eddy flux. The work is of reference value to the prediction of DEs and the understanding of their causes.
Ingrid de Almeida Ribeiro, Konrad Meister, and Valeria Molinero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5623–5639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5623-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5623-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice formation is a key atmospheric process facilitated by a wide range of aerosols. We present a method to model and interpret ice nucleation experiments and extract the distribution of the potency of nucleation sites. We use the method to optimize the conditions of laboratory sampling and extract distributions of ice nucleation temperatures from bacteria, fungi, and pollen. These reveal unforeseen subpopulations of nuclei in these systems and how they respond to changes in their environment.
Ting Lei, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Ulrich Pöschl, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4763–4774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4763-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4763-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the hygroscopic behavior of levoglucosan and D-glucose nanoparticles using a nano-HTDMA. There is a weak size dependence of the hygroscopic growth factor of levoglucosan and D-glucose with diameters down to 20 nm, while a strong size dependence of the hygroscopic growth factor of D-glucose has been clearly observed in the size range 6 to 20 nm. The use of the DKA method leads to good agreement with the hygroscopic growth factor of glucose nanoparticles with diameters down to 6 nm.
Lubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Kamila Závacká, Xin Yang, and Dominik Heger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4463–4488, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Salt aerosols are important to polar atmospheric chemistry and global climate. Therefore, we utilized a unique electron microscope to identify the most suitable conditions for formation of the small salt (CsCl) particles, proxies of the aerosols, from sublimating salty snow. Very low sublimation temperature and low salt concentration are needed for formation of such particles. These observations may help us to better understand polar spring ozone depletion and bromine explosion events.
Xiaohan Li and Ian C. Bourg
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2525–2556, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2525-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2525-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles with sizes smaller than 50 nm impact cloud formation and precipitation. Representation of this effect is hindered by limited understanding of the properties of liquid water in these particles. Our simulations of aerosol particles containing salt or organic compounds reveal that water enters a less cohesive phase at droplet sizes below 4 nm. This effect causes important deviations from theoretical predictions of aerosol properties, including phase state and hygroscopic growth.
Kristian Klumpp, Claudia Marcolli, Ana Alonso-Hellweg, Christopher H. Dreimol, and Thomas Peter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1579–1598, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1579-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1579-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The prerequisites of a particle surface for efficient ice nucleation are still poorly understood. This study compares the ice nucleation activity of two chemically identical but morphologically different minerals (kaolinite and halloysite). We observe, on average, not only higher ice nucleation activities for halloysite than kaolinite but also higher diversity between individual samples. We identify the particle edges as being the most likely site for ice nucleation.
Fabian Mahrt, Carolin Rösch, Kunfeng Gao, Christopher H. Dreimol, Maria A. Zawadowicz, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1285–1308, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1285-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1285-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Major aerosol types emitted by biomass burning include soot, ash, and charcoal particles. Here, we investigated the ice nucleation activity of 400 nm size-selected particles of two different pyrolyis-derived charcoal types in the mixed phase and cirrus cloud regime. We find that ice nucleation is constrained to cirrus cloud conditions, takes place via pore condensation and freezing, and is largely governed by the particle porosity and mineral content.
Chun Xiong, Xueyan Chen, Xiaolei Ding, Binyu Kuang, Xiangyu Pei, Zhengning Xu, Shikuan Yang, Huan Hu, and Zhibin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 16123–16135, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-16123-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-16123-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Water surface tension is applied widely in current aerosol–cloud models but could be inappropriate in the presence of atmospheric surfactants. With cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement results of mixed inorganic salt and dicarboxylic acid particles, we concluded that surface tension reduction and phase state should be carefully considered in aerosol–cloud interactions. Our results could help to decease uncertainties in climate models.
Bernadette Rosati, Sini Isokääntä, Sigurd Christiansen, Mads Mørk Jensen, Shamjad P. Moosakutty, Robin Wollesen de Jonge, Andreas Massling, Marianne Glasius, Jonas Elm, Annele Virtanen, and Merete Bilde
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13449–13466, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13449-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13449-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfate aerosols have a strong influence on climate. Due to the reduction in sulfur-based fossil fuels, natural sulfur emissions play an increasingly important role. Studies investigating the climate relevance of natural sulfur aerosols are scarce. We study the water uptake of such particles in the laboratory, demonstrating a high potential to take up water and form cloud droplets. During atmospheric transit, chemical processing affects the particles’ composition and thus their water uptake.
Kanishk Gohil, Chun-Ning Mao, Dewansh Rastogi, Chao Peng, Mingjin Tang, and Akua Asa-Awuku
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12769–12787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12769-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12769-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Hybrid Activity Model (HAM) is a promising new droplet growth model that can be potentially used for the analysis of any type of atmospheric compound. HAM may potentially improve the representation of hygroscopicity of organic aerosols in large-scale global climate models (GCMs), hence reducing the uncertainties in the climate forcing due to the aerosol indirect effect.
Charbel Harb and Hosein Foroutan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11759–11779, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11759-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11759-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A model representation of lake spray aerosol (LSA) ejection from freshwater breaking waves is crucial for understanding their climatic and public health impacts. We develop an LSA emission parameterization and implement it in an atmospheric model to investigate Great Lakes surface emissions. We find that the same breaking wave is likely to produce fewer aerosols in freshwater than in saltwater and that Great Lakes emissions influence the regional aerosol burden and can reach the cloud layer.
Runlong Cai, Ella Häkkinen, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala, and Juha Kangasluoma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11529–11541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11529-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11529-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The influences of new particle formation on the climate and air quality are governed by particle survival, which has been under debate due to uncertainties in the coagulation sink. Here we measure the coagulation coefficient of sub-10 nm particles and demonstrate that collisions between the freshly nucleated and background particles can effectively lead to coagulation. We further show that the effective coagulation sink is consistent with the new particle formation measured in urban Beijing.
Bighnaraj Sarangi, Darrel Baumgardner, Benjamin Bolaños-Rosero, and Olga L. Mayol-Bracero
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9647–9661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9647-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9647-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Here, the fluorescent characteristics and cloud-forming efficiency of aerosols at an urban site in Puerto Rico are discussed. The results from this pilot study highlight the capabilities of ultraviolet-induced fluorescence (UV-IF) measurements for characterizing the properties of fluorescing aerosol particles, as they relate to the daily evolution of primary biological aerosol particles. This work has established a database of measurements on which future, longer-term studies will be initiated.
Rani Jeong, Joseph Lilek, Andreas Zuend, Rongshuang Xu, Man Nin Chan, Dohyun Kim, Hi Gyu Moon, and Mijung Song
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8805–8817, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8805-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8805-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, the viscosities of particles of sucrose–H2O, AS–H2O, and sucrose–AS–H2O for OIRs of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 for decreasing RH, were quantified by poke-and-flow and bead-mobility techniques at 293 ± 1 K. Based on the viscosity results, the particles of binary and ternary systems ranged from liquid to semisolid, and even the solid state depending on the RH. Moreover, we compared the measured viscosities of ternary systems to the predicted viscosities with excellent agreement.
Minxia Shen, Kin Fai Ho, Wenting Dai, Suixin Liu, Ting Zhang, Qiyuan Wang, Jingjing Meng, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Junji Cao, and Jianjun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7489–7504, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7489-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7489-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Looking at characteristics and δ13C compositions of dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in BB aerosols, we used a combined combustion and aging system to generate fresh and aged aerosols from burning straw. The results showed the emission factors (EFaged) of total diacids of aging experiments were around an order of magnitude higher than EFfresh. This meant that dicarboxylic acids are involved with secondary photochemical processes in the atmosphere rather than primary emissions from BB.
Jonas K. F. Jakobsson, Deepak B. Waman, Vaughan T. J. Phillips, and Thomas Bjerring Kristensen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6717–6748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6717-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6717-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Long-lived cold-layer clouds at subzero temperatures are observed to be remarkably persistent in their generation of ice particles and snow precipitation. There is uncertainty about why this is so. This motivates the present lab study to observe the long-term ice-nucleating ability of aerosol samples from the real troposphere. Time dependence of their ice nucleation is observed to be weak in lab experiments exposing the samples to isothermal conditions for up to about 10 h.
Kunfeng Gao, Chong-Wen Zhou, Eszter J. Barthazy Meier, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5331–5364, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5331-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Incomplete combustion of fossil fuel produces carbonaceous particles called soot. These particles can affect cloud formation by acting as centres for droplet or ice formation. The atmospheric residence time of soot particles is of the order of days to weeks, which can result in them becoming coated by various trace species in the atmosphere such as acids. In this study, we quantify the cirrus cloud-forming ability of soot particles coated with the atmospherically ubiquitous sulfuric acid.
Kunfeng Gao, Franz Friebel, Chong-Wen Zhou, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4985–5016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4985-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4985-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soot particles impact cloud formation and radiative properties in the upper atmosphere where aircraft emit carbonaceous particles. We use cloud chambers to mimic the upper atmosphere temperature and humidity to test the influence of the morphology of the soot particles on ice cloud formation. For particles larger than 200 nm, the compacted (densified) samples have a higher affinity for ice crystal formation in the cirrus regime than the fluffy (un-compacted) soot particles of the same sample.
Joel Kuula, Hilkka Timonen, Jarkko V. Niemi, Hanna E. Manninen, Topi Rönkkö, Tareq Hussein, Pak Lun Fung, Sasu Tarkoma, Mikko Laakso, Erkka Saukko, Aino Ovaska, Markku Kulmala, Ari Karppinen, Lasse Johansson, and Tuukka Petäjä
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4801–4808, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4801-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4801-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Modern and up-to-date policies and air quality management strategies are instrumental in tackling global air pollution. As the European Union is preparing to revise Ambient Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC, this paper initiates discussion on selected features of the directive that we believe would benefit from a reassessment. The scientific community has the most recent and deepest understanding of air pollution; thus, its contribution is essential.
Yu Wang, Aristeidis Voliotis, Dawei Hu, Yunqi Shao, Mao Du, Ying Chen, Judith Kleinheins, Claudia Marcolli, M. Rami Alfarra, and Gordon McFiggans
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4149–4166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4149-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol water uptake plays a key role in atmospheric physicochemical processes. We designed chamber experiments on aerosol water uptake of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from mixed biogenic and anthropogenic precursors with inorganic seed. Our results highlight this chemical composition influences the reconciliation of the sub- and super-saturated water uptake, providing laboratory evidence for understanding the chemical controls of water uptake of the multi-component aerosol.
Shuang Han, Juan Hong, Qingwei Luo, Hanbing Xu, Haobo Tan, Qiaoqiao Wang, Jiangchuan Tao, Yaqing Zhou, Long Peng, Yao He, Jingnan Shi, Nan Ma, Yafang Cheng, and Hang Su
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3985–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3985-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3985-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the hygroscopicity of 23 organic species with different physicochemical properties using a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) and compare the results with previous studies. Based on the hygroscopicity parameter κ, the influence of different physicochemical properties that potentially drive hygroscopicity, such as the functionality, water solubility, molar volume, and O : C ratio of organics, are examined separately.
Kimmo Korhonen, Thomas Bjerring Kristensen, John Falk, Vilhelm B. Malmborg, Axel Eriksson, Louise Gren, Maja Novakovic, Sam Shamun, Panu Karjalainen, Lassi Markkula, Joakim Pagels, Birgitta Svenningsson, Martin Tunér, Mika Komppula, Ari Laaksonen, and Annele Virtanen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1615–1631, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1615-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1615-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from a modern diesel engine using the portable ice-nuclei counter SPIN, a continuous-flow diffusion chamber instrument. Three different fuels were studied without blending, including fossil diesel and two renewable fuels, testing different emission aftertreatment systems and photochemical aging. We found that the diesel emissions were inefficient ice nuclei, and aging had no or little effect on their ice-nucleating abilities.
Noora Hyttinen, Iida Pullinen, Aki Nissinen, Siegfried Schobesberger, Annele Virtanen, and Taina Yli-Juuti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1195–1208, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1195-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1195-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate saturation vapor pressure estimates of atmospherically relevant organic compounds are critical for modeling secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. We investigated vapor pressures of highly oxygenated SOA constituents using state-of-the-art computational and experimental methods. We found a good agreement between low and extremely low vapor pressures estimated using the two methods, and the smallest molecules detected in our experiment were likely products of thermal decomposition.
Dawei Hu, M. Rami Alfarra, Kate Szpek, Justin M. Langridge, Michael I. Cotterell, Claire Belcher, Ian Rule, Zixia Liu, Chenjie Yu, Yunqi Shao, Aristeidis Voliotis, Mao Du, Brett Smith, Greg Smallwood, Prem Lobo, Dantong Liu, Jim M. Haywood, Hugh Coe, and James D. Allan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16161–16182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we developed new techniques for investigating these properties in the laboratory and applied these to BC and BrC from different sources, including diesel exhaust, inverted propane flame and wood combustion. These have allowed us to quantify the changes in shape and chemical composition of different soots according to source and variables such as the moisture content of wood.
Cited articles
Abish, B. and Mohanakumar, K.: Absorbing aerosol variability over the Indian
subcontinent and its increasing dependence on ENSO, Glob. Planet. Change,
106, 13–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2013.02.007, 2013.
Ashok, K., Behera, S. K., Rao, S. A., Weng, H., and Yamagata, T.: El Nino
Modoki and its possible teleconnection, J. Geophys. Res., 112, C11007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JC003798, 2007.
Avila, A.: The chemical composition of dust transported in red rains – its
contribution to the biogeochemical cycle of a holm oak forest in Catalonia
(Spain), Atmos. Environ., 32, 179–191, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00286-0, 1998.
Babu, S. S., Manoj, M. R., Moorthy, K. K., Gogoi, M. M., Nair, V. S.,
Kompalli, S. K., Satheesh, S. K., Niranjan, K., Ramagopal, K., Bhuyan, P.
K., and Singh, D.: Trends in aerosol optical depth over Indian region:
Potential causes and impact indicators, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118,
11794–11806, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020507, 2013.
Banerjee, P. and Kumar, S. P.: ENSO modulation of interannual variability of
dust aerosols over the northwest Indian Ocean, J. Clim., 29, 1391–1415,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0039.1, 2016.
Banerjee, P., Satheesh, S. K., Moorthy, K. K., Nanjundiah, R. S., and Nair,
V. S.: Long-range transport of mineral dust to the northeast Indian Ocean:
Regional versus remote sources and the implications, J. Clim., 32,
1525–1549, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0403.1, 2019.
Behrooz, R. D., Esmaili-Sari, A., Bahramifar, N., and Kaskaoutis, D. G.:
Analysis of the TSP, PM10 concentrations and water-soluble ionic species in airborne samples over Sistan, Iran during the summer dusty period, Atmos.
Pollut. Res., 8, 403–417, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2016.11.001, 2017.
Bollasina, M. A., Ming, Y., and Ramaswamy, V.: Anthropogenic aerosols and
the weakening of the south asian summer monsoon, Science, 334,
502–505, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1204994, 2011.
Bozlaker, A., Prospero, J. M., Fraser, M. P., and Chellam, S.: Quantifying
the contribution of long-range saharan dust transport on particulate matter
concentrations in Houston, Texas, using detailed elemental analysis,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 10179–10187, https://doi.org/10.1021/es4015663,
2013.
Buchard, V., Randles, C. A., da Silva, A. M., Darmenov, A., Colarco, P. R.,
Govindaraju, R., Ferrare, R., Hair, J., Beyersdorf, A. J., Ziemba, L. D.,
and Yu, H.: The MERRA-2 aerosol reanalysis, 1980 onward. Part II: Evaluation
and case studies, J. Clim., 30, 6851–6872,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0613.1, 2017.
Cai, W., Borlace, S., Lengaigne, M., Van Rensch, P., Collins, M., Vecchi,
G., Timmermann, A., Santoso, A., Mcphaden, M. J., Wu, L., England, M. H.,
Wang, G., Guilyardi, E., and Jin, F. F.: Increasing frequency of extreme El
Niño events due to greenhouse warming, Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 111–116,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2100, 2014.
Chauhan, S. S.: Desertification control and management of land degradation
in the Thar desert of India, Environmentalist, 23, 219–227,
https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ENVR.0000017366.67642.79, 2003.
Chen, Y.-S., Sheen, P.-C., Chen, E.-R., Liu, Y.-K., Wu, T.-N., and Yang,
C.-Y.: Effects of Asian dust storm events on daily mortality in Taipei,
Taiwan, Environ. Res., 95, 151–155,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2003.08.008, 2004.
Cherchi, A. and Navarra, A.: Influence of ENSO and of the Indian Ocean
Dipole on the Indian summer monsoon variability, Clim. Dyn., 41, 81–103,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-012-1602-y, 2013.
Clark, C. O., Cole, J. E., and Webster, P. J.: Indian Ocean SST and Indian
summer rainfall: Predictive relationships and their decadal variability, J.
Clim., 13, 2503–2519, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<2503:IOSAIS>2.0.CO;2, 2000.
Dong, B., Dai, A., Vuille, M., and Timm, O. E.: Asymmetric modulation of
ENSO teleconnections by the interdecadal Pacific oscillation, J. Clim., 31,
7337–7361, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0663.1, 2018.
Du, Y., Xie, S. P., Huang, G., and Hu, K.: Role of air-sea interaction in
the long persistence of El Niño-induced north Indian Ocean warming, J.
Clim., 22, 2023–2038, https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2590.1, 2009.
Easterling, D. R. and Wehner, M. F.: Is the climate warming or cooling?,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, 4–6, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037810, 2009.
Erel, Y., Dayan, U., Rabi, R., Rudich, Y., and Stein, M.: Trans boundary
transport of pollutants by atmospheric mineral dust, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
40, 2996–3005, https://doi.org/10.1021/es051502l, 2006.
Fyfe, J. C., Merryfield, W. J., Kharin, V., Boer, G. J., Lee, W. S., and Von
Salzen, K.: Skillful predictions of decadal trends in global mean surface
temperature, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, 1–5,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049508, 2011.
Fyfe, J. C., Gillett, N. P., and Zwiers, F. W.: Overestimated global warming
over the past 20 years, Nat. Clim. Chang., 3, 767–769,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1972, 2013.
Gelaro, R., McCarty, W., Suárez, M. J., Todling, R., Molod, A., Takacs,
L., Randles, C. A., Darmenov, A., Bosilovich, M. G., Reichle, R., Wargan,
K., Coy, L., Cullather, R., Draper, C., Akella, S., Buchard, V., Conaty, A.,
da Silva, A. M., Gu, W., Kim, G. K., Koster, R., Lucchesi, R., Merkova, D.,
Nielsen, J. E., Partyka, G., Pawson, S., Putman, W., Rienecker, M.,
Schubert, S. D., Sienkiewicz, M., and Zhao, B.: The modern-era retrospective
analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), J. Clim., 30,
5419–5454, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1, 2017.
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO): MERRA-2, NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) [data set], https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/, last access: 1 February 2021.
Graham, N. E.: Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North
Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: observations and model results, Clim.
Dyn., 10, 135–162, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210626, 1994.
Guo, H., Wang, X., and Gao, Z.: Uncertain linear regression model and its
application, J. Intell. Manuf., 28, 559–564,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-014-1022-4, 2017.
Hansen, J. E., Sato, M., and Ruedy, R.: Radiative forcing and climate
response, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 6831–6864, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD03436, 1997.
He, L., Lin, A., Chen, X., Zhou, H., Zhou, Z., and He, P.: Assessment of
MERRA-2 Surface PM2.5 over the Yangtze River Basin: Ground-based
verification, spatiotemporal distribution and meteorological dependence,
Remote Sens., 11, 460, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11040460, 2019.
He, S. and Wang, H.: Oscillating relationship between the East Asian Winter
Monsoon and ENSO, J. Clim., 26, 9819–9838,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00174.1, 2013.
Hirahara, S., Ishii, M., and Fukuda, Y.: Centennial-scale sea surface
temperature analysis and its uncertainty, J. Clim., 27, 57–75,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00837.1, 2014.
Hu, S. and Fedorov, A. V.: The extreme El Niño of 2015–2016 and the end
of global warming hiatus, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 3816–3824,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL072908, 2017.
Huang, B., Thorne, P. W., Banzon, V. F., Boyer, T., Chepurin, G., Lawrimore, J. H., Menne, M. J., Smith, T. M., Vose, R. S., and Zhang, H. M.: Extended reconstructed Sea surface temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, validations, and intercomparisons, J. Clim., 30, 8179–8205, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0836.1, 2017.
Huang, X., Zhou, T., Turner, A., Dai, A., Chen, X., Clark, R., Jiang, J.,
Man, W., Murphy, J., Rostron, J., Wu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., and Zou, L.:
The recent decline and recovery of Indian summer monsoon rainfall: Relative
roles of external forcing and internal variability, J. Clim., 33,
5035–5060, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0833.1, 2020.
Jin, Q. and Wang, C.: The greening of Northwest Indian subcontinent and
reduction of dust abundance resulting from Indian summer monsoon revival,
Sci. Rep., 8, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23055-5, 2018.
Jin, Q., Wei, J., Pu, B., Yang, Z. L., and Parajuli, S. P.: High Summertime
Aerosol Loadings Over the Arabian Sea and Their Transport Pathways, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 10568–10590,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028588, 2018.
Jin, Q., Wei, J., Lau, W. K. M., Pu, B., and Wang, C.: Interactions of Asian
mineral dust with Indian summer monsoon: Recent advances and challenges,
Earth-Sci. Rev., 215, 103562,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103562, 2021.
Kaiser, J. and Granmar, M.: Mounting Evidence Indicts Fine-Particle
Pollution, Science, 307, 1858–1861, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.307.5717.1858a, 2005.
Kinter, I. L., Miyakoda, K., and Yang, S.: Recent change in the connection
from the Asian monsoon to ENSO, J. Clim., 15, 1203–1215,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1203:RCITCF>2.0.CO;2, 2002.
Krishnamurthy, L. and Krishnamurthy, V.: Influence of PDO on South Asian
summer monsoon and monsoon-ENSO relation, Clim. Dyn., 42, 2397–2410,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1856-z, 2014.
Krishnamurthy, V. and Kirtman, B. P.: Variability of the Indian Ocean:
Relation to monsoon and ENSO, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 1623–1646,
https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.01.166, 2003.
Kucharski, F., Bracco, A., Yoo, J. H., and Molteni, F.: Low-frequency
variability of the Indian monsoon-ENSO relationship and the tropical
Atlantic: The “weakening” of the 1980s and 1990s, J. Clim., 20,
4255–4266, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4254.1, 2007.
Kug, J. S., An, S. Il, Jin, F. F., and Kang, I. S.: Preconditions for El
Niño and La Niña onsets and their relation to the Indian Ocean,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021674, 2005.
Kumar, K. K., Rajagopalan, B., and Cane, M. A.: On the weakening
relationship between the indian monsoon and ENSO, Science, 284,
2156–2159, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5423.2156, 1999.
Lakshmi, N. B., Nair, V. S., and Suresh Babu, S.: Vertical structure of
aerosols and mineral dust over the Bay of Bengal from multisatellite
observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 12845–12861,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027643, 2017.
Lakshmi, N. B., Babu, S. S., and Nair, V. S.: Recent Regime Shifts in
Mineral Dust Trends over South Asia from Long-Term CALIPSO Observations,
IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 57, 4485–4489,
https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2891338, 2019.
Lee, Y. G., Kim, J., Ho, C. H., An, S. Il, Cho, H. K., Mao, R., Tian, B.,
Wu, D., Lee, J. N., Kalashnikova, O., Choi, Y., and Yeh, S. W.: The effects
of ENSO under negative AO phase on spring dust activity over northern China:
An observational investigation, Int. J. Climatol., 35, 935–947,
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4028, 2015.
Liu, J., Wu, D., Liu, G., Mao, R., Chen, S., Ji, M., Fu, P., Sun, Y., Pan,
X., Jin, H., Zhou, Y., and Wang, X.: Impact of Arctic amplification on
declining spring dust events in East Asia, Clim. Dyn., 54, 1913–1935,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-05094-4, 2020.
Mahowald, N., Albani, S., Kok, J. F., Engelstaeder, S., Scanza, R., Ward, D.
S., and Flanner, M. G.: The size distribution of desert dust aerosols and
its impact on the Earth system, Aeolian Res., 15, 53–71,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.09.002, 2014.
Mahowald, N. M., Yoshioka, M., Collins, W. D., Conley, A. J., Fillmore, D.
W., and Coleman, D. B.: Climate response and radiative forcing from mineral
aerosols during the last glacial maximum, pre-industrial, current and
doubled-carbon dioxide climates, Geophys. Res. Lett., 332, 382–385, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026126, 2006.
Mahowald, N. M., Kloster, S., Engelstaedter, S., Moore, J. K., Mukhopadhyay, S., McConnell, J. R., Albani, S., Doney, S. C., Bhattacharya, A., Curran, M. A. J., Flanner, M. G., Hoffman, F. M., Lawrence, D. M., Lindsay, K., Mayewski, P. A., Neff, J., Rothenberg, D., Thomas, E., Thornton, P. E., and Zender, C. S.: Observed 20th century desert dust variability: impact on climate and biogeochemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10875–10893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10875-2010, 2010.
Miller, R. L. and Tegen, I.: Climate response to soil dust aerosols, J.
Clim., 11, 3247–3267, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<3247:CRTSDA>2.0.CO;2, 1998.
National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR): Atmospheric reanalysis dataset, Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL) [data set],
https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html, last access: 1 March 2021.
Nitta, T. and Yamada, S.: Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature
and its relationship to the Northern Hemisphere circulation, J. Meteorol.
Soc. Japan, 67, 375–383, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.67.3_375, 1989.
NOAA/CPC: Climate indices: monthly atmospheric and ocean time series, Climate Prediction Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA/CPC), Physical Sciences Laboratory (PSL) [data set], https://psl.noaa.gov/data/climateindices/list/, last access: 1 February 2021.
Osborn, T. J., Jones, P. D., Lister, D. H., Morice, C. P., Simpson, I. R.,
Winn, J. P., Hogan, E., and Harris, I. C.: Land Surface Air Temperature
Variations Across the Globe Updated to 2019: The CRUTEM5 Data Set, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 126, e2019JD032352, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032352, 2021.
Pallikari, F.: On the false hypothesis of psi-mediated shift of statistical average in tests with random number generators, in: The Parapsychological Association Convention 2004, 5–8 August 2004, Vienna University, 157–171,
https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4054.5289, 2004.
Parker, D. J., Willetts, P., Birch, C., Turner, A. G., Marsham, J. H.,
Taylor, C. M., Kolusu, S., and Martin, G. M.: The interaction of moist
convection and mid-level dry air in the advance of the onset of the Indian
monsoon, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 142, 2256–2272,
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2815, 2016.
Poulsen, O. M., Breum, N. O., Ebbehoj, N., Hansen, A. M., Ivens, U. I., van
Lelieveld, D., Malmros, P., Matthiasen, L., Nielsen, B. H., and Nielsen, E.
M.: Sorting and recycling of domestic waste. Review of occupational health
problems and their possible causes, Sci. Total Environ., 168, 33–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04521-2, 1995.
Prospero, J. M. and Nees, R. T.: Impact of the North African drought and El
Niño on mineral dust in the Barbados trade winds, Nature, 320, 735–738,
https://doi.org/10.1038/320735a0, 1986.
Randles, C. A., Sliva, A. M. da, Buchard, V., Colarco, P., Armenov, A., and
Govindaraju, R.: The MERRA-2 Aerosol Reanalysis, 1980 Onward. Part I: System
Description and Data Assimilation Evaluation, J. Clim., 30, 6823–6850,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0609.1, 2017.
Rayner, N. A., Parker, D. E., Horton, E. B., Folland, C. K., Alexander, L.
V., Rowell, D. P., Kent, E. C., and Kaplan, A.: Global analyses of sea
surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the
late nineteenth century, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 4407,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002670, 2003.
Razakov, R. M. and Kosnazarov, K. A.: Dust and salt transfer from the
exposed bed of the Aral Sea and measures to decrease its environmental
impact, in: The Aral Sea Basin, edited by: Micklin, P. P. and Williams, W.
D., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 95–102, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61182-7_9, 1996.
Richon, C., Dutay, J.-C., Dulac, F., Wang, R., and Balkanski, Y.: Modeling the biogeochemical impact of atmospheric phosphate deposition from desert dust and combustion sources to the Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, 15, 2499–2524, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2499-2018, 2018.
Sabeerali, C. T., Ajayamohan, R. S., Bangalath, H. K., and Chen, N.:
Atlantic Zonal Mode: An Emerging Source of Indian Summer Monsoon Variability
in a Warming World, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 4460–4467,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082379, 2019.
Sanchez de la Campa, A., Garcia-Salamanca, A., Solano, J., de la Rosa, J.,
and Ramos, J.-L.: Chemical and microbiological characterization of
atmospheric particulate matter during an intense African dust event in
Southern Spain., Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 3630–3638,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es3051235, 2013.
Schulz, M., Prospero, J. M., Baker, A. R., Dentener, F., Ickes, L., Liss, P.
S., Mahowald, N. M., Nickovic, S., García-Pando, C. P., Rodríguez,
S., Sarin, M., Tegen, I., and Duce, R. A.: Atmospheric Transport and
Deposition of Mineral Dust to the Ocean: Implications for Research Needs,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 10390–10404, https://doi.org/10.1021/es300073u, 2012.
Singh, R. P., Prasad, A. K., Kayetha, V. K., and Kafatos, M.: Enhancement of
oceanic parameters associated with dust storms using satellite data, J.
Geophys. Res., 113, C11008, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004815, 2008.
Srivastava, G., Chakraborty, A., and Nanjundiah, R. S.: Multidecadal see-saw
of the impact of ENSO on Indian and West African summer monsoon rainfall,
Clim. Dyn., 52, 6633–6649, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4535-2, 2019.
Tegen, I., Lacis, A. A., and Fung, I.: The influence on climate forcing of
mineral aerosols from disturbed soils, Nature, 380, 419–422, https://doi.org/10.1038/380419a0, 1996.
Tokinaga, H., Richter, I., and Kosaka, Y.: ENSO Influence on the Atlantic
Niño, Revisited: Multi-Year versus Single-Year ENSO Events, J. Clim.,
32, 4585–4600, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0683.1, 2019.
Trenberth, K. E. and Hurrell, J. W.: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in
the Pacific, Clim. Dyn., 9, 303–319, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00204745, 1994.
Trenberth, K. E., Dai, A., Van Der Schrier, G., Jones, P. D., Barichivich,
J., Briffa, K. R., and Sheffield, J.: Global warming and changes in drought,
Nat. Clim. Chang., 4, 17–22, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2067, 2014.
Veselovskii, I., Goloub, P., Podvin, T., Tanre, D., da Silva, A., Colarco, P., Castellanos, P., Korenskiy, M., Hu, Q., Whiteman, D. N., Pérez-Ramírez, D., Augustin, P., Fourmentin, M., and Kolgotin, A.: Characterization of smoke and dust episode over West Africa: comparison of MERRA-2 modeling with multiwavelength Mie–Raman lidar observations, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 949–969, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-949-2018, 2018.
von Storch, H. and Zwiers, F. W.: Statistical Analysis in Climate Research,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511612336, 1999.
Wang, B., Wu, R., and Li, T.: Atmosphere-warm ocean interaction and its
impacts on Asian-Australian monsoon variation, J. Clim., 16, 1195–1211,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)16<1195:AOIAII>2.0.CO;2, 2003.
Wang, L., Chen, W., and Huang, R.: Interdecadal modulation of PDO on the
impact of ENSO on the east Asian winter monsoon, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20702, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035287, 2008.
Wang, S., Huang, J., He, Y., and Guan, Y.: Combined effects of the Pacific
Decadal Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation on Global Land
Dry-Wet Changes, Sci. Rep., 4, 6651, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06651, 2014.
Watanabe, M. and Jin, F. F.: Role of Indian Ocean warming in the development
of Philippine Sea anticyclone during ENSO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29,
1161–1164, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001gl014318, 2002.
Weare, B. C., Navato, A. R., and Newell, R. E.: Empirical orthogonal
analysis of Pacific sea surface temperatures, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6,
671–678, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006<0671:EOAOPS>2.0.CO;2, 1976.
Weng, H., Ashok, K., Behera, S. K., Rao, S. A., and Yamagata, T.: Impacts of
recent El Niño Modoki on dry/wet conditions in the Pacific rim during
boreal summer, Clim. Dyn., 29, 113–129, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-007-0234-0, 2007.
Wu, R. and Kirtman, B. P.: Understanding the impacts of the Indian ocean on
ENSO variability in a coupled GCM, J. Clim., 17, 4019–4031,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<4019:UTIOTI>2.0.CO;2, 2004.
Wu, X., Liu, J., Wu, Y., Wang, X., Yu, X., Shi, J., and Bi, J.: Aerosol
optical absorption coefficients at a rural site in Northwest China: The
great contribution of dust particles, Atmos. Environ., 189, 145–152,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.07.002, 2018.
Xi, X. and Sokolik, I. N.: Dust interannual variability and trend in Central
Asia from 2000 to 2014 and their climatic linkages, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
120, 12175–12191, https://doi.org/10.1038/175238c0, 2016.
Yang, S. and Jiang, X.: Prediction of Eastern and Central Pacific ENSO
Events and Their Impacts on East Asian Climate by the NCEP Climate Forecast
System, J. Clim., 27, 4451–4472, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00471.1,
2014.
Yang, X. and Huang, P.: Restored relationship between ENSO and Indian summer
monsoon rainfall around 1999/2000, Innov., 2, 100102,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100102, 2021.
Yu, J. and Kao, H.: Decadal changes of ENSO persistence barrier in SST and
ocean heat content indices: 1958–2001, J. Geophys. Res., 112, 1–10,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007654, 2007.
Yu, J.-Y., Mechoso, C. R., McWilliams, J. C., and Arakawa, A.: Impacts of
the Indian Ocean on the ENSO cycle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014098, 2002.
Yu, Y., Notaro, M., Liu, Z., Wang, F., Alkolibi, F., Fadda, E., and Bakhrjy,
F.: Climatic controls on the interannual to decadal variability in Saudi
Arabian dust activity: Toward the development of a seasonal dust prediction
model, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 1739–1758,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20224, 2015.
Yuan, Y. and Yang, S.: Impacts of Different Types of El Niño on the East
Asian Climate: Focus on ENSO Cycles, J. Clim., 25, 7702–7722, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00576.1, 2012.
Short summary
Dust impacts climate and human life. Analyzing the interdecadal change in dust activity and its influence factors is crucial for disaster mitigation. Based on a linear regression method, this study revealed the interdecadal variability of relationships between ENSO and dust over northwestern South Asia from 1982 to 2014 and analyzed the effects of atmospheric factors on this interdecadal variability. The result sheds new light on numerical simulation involving the interdecadal variation of dust.
Dust impacts climate and human life. Analyzing the interdecadal change in dust activity and its...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint