Stratospheric aerosol layer perturbation caused by the 2019 Raikoke and Ulawun eruptions and their radiative forcing

Kloss, Corinna; Berthet, Gwenaël; Sellitto, Pasquale; Ploeger, Felix; Taha, Ghassan; Tidiga, Mariam; Eremenko, Maxim; Bossolasco, Adriana; Jégou, Fabrice; Renard, Jean-Baptiste; Legras, Bernard

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-535-2021

Articles | Volume 21, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-535-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Satellite observations, in situ measurements and model simulations...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-535-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 21, issue 1

Research article

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15 Jan 2021

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 15 Jan 2021

Stratospheric aerosol layer perturbation caused by the 2019 Raikoke and Ulawun eruptions and their radiative forcing

Corinna Kloss, Gwenaël Berthet, Pasquale Sellitto, Felix Ploeger, Ghassan Taha, Mariam Tidiga, Maxim Eremenko, Adriana Bossolasco, Fabrice Jégou, Jean-Baptiste Renard, and Bernard Legras

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Final revised paper (published on 15 Jan 2021)
Preprint (discussion started on 07 Aug 2020)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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RC1: 'Comment on “Stratospheric aerosol layer perturbation ...” by Kloss et al.', Anonymous Referee #1, 03 Sep 2020
- AC1: 'Answers to Reviewer 1', Corinna Kloss, 04 Nov 2020
RC2: 'Review of Kloss et al', Anonymous Referee #2, 03 Sep 2020
- AC2: 'Answer to Reviewer 2', Corinna Kloss, 04 Nov 2020

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Corinna Kloss on behalf of the Authors (04 Nov 2020) Author's response Manuscript

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (17 Nov 2020) by Peter Haynes

RR by J.M. Haywood (18 Nov 2020)

Suggestions for revision or reasons for rejection

2nd Review of: Stratospheric aerosol layer perturbation caused by the 2019 Raikoke and Ulawun eruptions and climate impact by Corinna Kloss et al.

Jim Haywood. The authors have done an excellent job of dealing with the specific comments that I made on an earlier version of the manuscript. I only have two comments that the authors may want to address in their final version of the paper.

1) Regarding the CALIOP overpass comment:-
Yes, we are aware of this intersection. With the following Figure it becomes clear that CALIOP did not intersect the bulk of the cloud seen from HIMAWARI, but rather a very thin tail. Therefore, we believe the CALIOP observations not to be of sufficient value for this study.

To my mind, this is a little dismissive. If you are aware of the overpass, then you should state this as it would take only a little modification to the text to signpost this overpass. I suggest:-
“With the exception of an overpass at around 49N that intersected only a narrow tail of the volcanic plume at around 16-17km altitude, there are no CALIOP intersections of the core plume during the early stage.”

2) I am glad that the authors took up the suggestion of adding the global AOD in their Figure 8. However, this does highlight some of the bulk difference between the WACCM model and the observations in terms of the global mean AOD. The background (peak – pre-eruption) for WACCM appears to be 0.025 – 0.0075 (0.00175) while for the OMPS observations we have 0.0125 – 0.005 (0.0075). Generally, the authors do a good job of discussing the limitations of making a like-like comparison between the observations and the modelling (lines 352-375), but it is easy to miss the fact that the background-peak values differ by a factor of ~2.3 in the initial phase. The authors should consider whether they should state this implicitly in the text somewhere around line 352.

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RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (19 Nov 2020)

ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (24 Nov 2020) by Peter Haynes

AR by Corinna Kloss on behalf of the Authors (28 Nov 2020) Author's response Manuscript

Short summary

The year 2019 was particularly rich for the stratospheric aerosol layer due to two volcanic eruptions (at Raikoke and Ulawun) and wildfire events. With satellite observations and models, we describe the exceptionally complex situation following the Raikoke eruption. The respective plume overwhelmed the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere in terms of aerosol load and resulted in the highest climate impact throughout the past decade.