How frequent is natural cloud seeding from ice cloud layers ( &lt; −35&thinsp;°C) over Switzerland?

Proske, Ulrike; Bessenbacher, Verena; Dedekind, Zane; Lohmann, Ulrike; Neubauer, David

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5195-2021

Articles | Volume 21, issue 6

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5195-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5195-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 21, issue 6

Research article

|

01 Apr 2021

Research article |

| 01 Apr 2021

How frequent is natural cloud seeding from ice cloud layers ( < −35 °C) over Switzerland?

Ulrike Proske, Verena Bessenbacher, Zane Dedekind, Ulrike Lohmann, and David Neubauer

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Final revised paper (published on 01 Apr 2021)
Preprint (discussion started on 19 Nov 2020)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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- Supplement

RC1: 'Review of Proske et al.', Anonymous Referee #3, 06 Jan 2021
RC2: 'review', Anonymous Referee #2, 11 Jan 2021
RC3: 'Comments', Anonymous Referee #1, 14 Jan 2021
AC1: 'AC: author response to all reviewer comments', Ulrike Proske, 23 Feb 2021

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Ulrike Proske on behalf of the Authors (24 Feb 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (24 Feb 2021) by Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero

Short summary

Ice crystals falling out of one cloud can initiate freezing in a second cloud below. We estimate the occurrence frequency of this natural cloud seeding over Switzerland from satellite data and sublimation calculations. We find that such situations with an ice cloud above another cloud are frequent and that the falling crystals survive the fall between two clouds in a significant number of cases, suggesting that natural cloud seeding is an important phenomenon over Switzerland.