Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5195-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5195-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Apr 2021
Research article |
| 01 Apr 2021
| 01 Apr 2021
How frequent is natural cloud seeding from ice cloud layers ( < −35 °C) over Switzerland?
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Verena Bessenbacher
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Zane Dedekind
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Ulrike Lohmann
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
David Neubauer
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cited
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- PEAKO and peakTree: tools for detecting and interpreting peaks in cloud radar Doppler spectra – capabilities and limitations T. Vogl et al. 10.5194/amt-17-6547-2024
- Unraveling ice multiplication in winter orographic clouds via in-situ observations, remote sensing and modeling P. Georgakaki et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00671-9
- Retrieving ice-nucleating particle concentration and ice multiplication factors using active remote sensing validated by in situ observations J. Wieder et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9767-2022
- Microfluidic enabled ice nucleation studies of montmorillonite clay at varying pH and ionic strengths with refreezing and relative humidity cycling M. House & C. Dutcher 10.1080/02786826.2024.2371412
- Natural Seeder‐Feeder Process Originating From Mixed‐Phase Clouds Observed With Polarization Lidar and Radiosonde at a Mid‐Latitude Plain Site Y. He et al. 10.1029/2021JD036094
- Distinct secondary ice production processes observed in radar Doppler spectra: insights from a case study A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10207-2023
- The characteristics of cloud macro-parameters caused by the seeder–feeder process inside clouds measured by millimeter-wave cloud radar in Xi'an, China H. Di & Y. Yuan 10.5194/acp-24-5783-2024
- Addressing Complexity in Global Aerosol Climate Model Cloud Microphysics U. Proske et al. 10.1029/2022MS003571
- The Urmia playa as a source of airborne dust and ice-nucleating particles – Part 2: Unraveling the relationship between soil dust composition and ice nucleation activity N. Hamzehpour et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14931-2022
- Evaluation of biases in mid-to-high-latitude surface snowfall and cloud phase in ERA5 and CMIP6 using satellite observations F. Hellmuth et al. 10.5194/acp-25-1353-2025
- Competition Between Radiative and Seeding Effects of Overlying Clouds on Underlying Marine Stratocumulus B. Jian et al. 10.1029/2022GL100729
- Cloud Classification by Machine Learning for Geostationary Radiation Imager B. Guo et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2024.3353373
- Microphysical Processes and Enhancement Effect of Natural Seeder-Feeder in Stratiform Snowfall Observed by Millimeter-Wave Cloud Radar Y. Yuan et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2024.3525010
- Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds P. Georgakaki et al. 10.5194/acp-22-1965-2022
- Sensitivities of simulated mixed-phase Arctic multilayer clouds to primary and secondary ice processes G. Wallentin et al. 10.5194/acp-25-6607-2025
- Two-year statistics of columnar-ice production in stratiform clouds over Hyytiälä, Finland: environmental conditions and the relevance to secondary ice production H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-21-14671-2021
- Simulating the seeder–feeder impacts on cloud ice and precipitation over the Alps Z. Dedekind et al. 10.5194/acp-24-5389-2024
- Does prognostic seeding along flight tracks produce the desired effects of cirrus cloud thinning? C. Tully et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7673-2023
- Conditions favorable for secondary ice production in Arctic mixed-phase clouds J. Pasquier et al. 10.5194/acp-22-15579-2022
- Evaluating EAMv2 Simulated High Latitude Clouds Using ARM Measurements in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres M. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038364
- Snowfall in Northern Finland derives mostly from ice clouds C. Mignani et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13551-2022
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- PEAKO and peakTree: tools for detecting and interpreting peaks in cloud radar Doppler spectra – capabilities and limitations T. Vogl et al. 10.5194/amt-17-6547-2024
- Unraveling ice multiplication in winter orographic clouds via in-situ observations, remote sensing and modeling P. Georgakaki et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00671-9
- Retrieving ice-nucleating particle concentration and ice multiplication factors using active remote sensing validated by in situ observations J. Wieder et al. 10.5194/acp-22-9767-2022
- Microfluidic enabled ice nucleation studies of montmorillonite clay at varying pH and ionic strengths with refreezing and relative humidity cycling M. House & C. Dutcher 10.1080/02786826.2024.2371412
- Natural Seeder‐Feeder Process Originating From Mixed‐Phase Clouds Observed With Polarization Lidar and Radiosonde at a Mid‐Latitude Plain Site Y. He et al. 10.1029/2021JD036094
- Distinct secondary ice production processes observed in radar Doppler spectra: insights from a case study A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10207-2023
- The characteristics of cloud macro-parameters caused by the seeder–feeder process inside clouds measured by millimeter-wave cloud radar in Xi'an, China H. Di & Y. Yuan 10.5194/acp-24-5783-2024
- Addressing Complexity in Global Aerosol Climate Model Cloud Microphysics U. Proske et al. 10.1029/2022MS003571
- The Urmia playa as a source of airborne dust and ice-nucleating particles – Part 2: Unraveling the relationship between soil dust composition and ice nucleation activity N. Hamzehpour et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14931-2022
- Evaluation of biases in mid-to-high-latitude surface snowfall and cloud phase in ERA5 and CMIP6 using satellite observations F. Hellmuth et al. 10.5194/acp-25-1353-2025
- Competition Between Radiative and Seeding Effects of Overlying Clouds on Underlying Marine Stratocumulus B. Jian et al. 10.1029/2022GL100729
- Cloud Classification by Machine Learning for Geostationary Radiation Imager B. Guo et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2024.3353373
- Microphysical Processes and Enhancement Effect of Natural Seeder-Feeder in Stratiform Snowfall Observed by Millimeter-Wave Cloud Radar Y. Yuan et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2024.3525010
- Secondary ice production processes in wintertime alpine mixed-phase clouds P. Georgakaki et al. 10.5194/acp-22-1965-2022
- Sensitivities of simulated mixed-phase Arctic multilayer clouds to primary and secondary ice processes G. Wallentin et al. 10.5194/acp-25-6607-2025
- Two-year statistics of columnar-ice production in stratiform clouds over Hyytiälä, Finland: environmental conditions and the relevance to secondary ice production H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-21-14671-2021
- Simulating the seeder–feeder impacts on cloud ice and precipitation over the Alps Z. Dedekind et al. 10.5194/acp-24-5389-2024
- Does prognostic seeding along flight tracks produce the desired effects of cirrus cloud thinning? C. Tully et al. 10.5194/acp-23-7673-2023
- Conditions favorable for secondary ice production in Arctic mixed-phase clouds J. Pasquier et al. 10.5194/acp-22-15579-2022
- Evaluating EAMv2 Simulated High Latitude Clouds Using ARM Measurements in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres M. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2022JD038364
- Snowfall in Northern Finland derives mostly from ice clouds C. Mignani et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13551-2022
Latest update: 11 Jul 2025
Short summary
Ice crystals falling out of one cloud can initiate freezing in a second cloud below. We estimate the occurrence frequency of this natural cloud seeding over Switzerland from satellite data and sublimation calculations. We find that such situations with an ice cloud above another cloud are frequent and that the falling crystals survive the fall between two clouds in a significant number of cases, suggesting that natural cloud seeding is an important phenomenon over Switzerland.
Ice crystals falling out of one cloud can initiate freezing in a second cloud below. We estimate...
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