Articles | Volume 21, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11161-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11161-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Jul 2021
Research article |
| 23 Jul 2021
| 23 Jul 2021
Lightning occurrences and intensity over the Indian region: long-term trends and future projections
Rohit Chakraborty
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
Arindam Chakraborty
Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore, India
DST-Centre of Excellence in Climate Change, Divecha Centre for
Climate Change, IISc, Bangalore, India
Ghouse Basha
Atmospheric Structure and Dynamics Group, National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Tirupati, India
Madineni Venkat Ratnam
Aerosol Radiation and Trace Gases Group, National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Tirupati, India
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43 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Lightning Detection Using GEO-KOMPSAT-2A/Advanced Meteorological Imager and Ground-Based Lightning Observation Sensor LINET Data S. Lee & M. Suh 10.3390/rs16224243
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- A regional study on convective lightning activity and its interaction with sea surface temperature and thermodynamic indices K. Nandhulal et al. 10.1007/s44292-025-00032-y
- Impact of decreasing land–sea horizontal pressure gradient on the lightning activity over western India A. Gangane et al. 10.1002/joc.8542
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42 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Lightning response to temperature and aerosols X. Qie et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad63bf
- Cloud-to-ground lightning occurrences over India: seasonal and diurnal characteristics deduced with ground-based lightning detection sensor network (LDSN) A. Taori et al. 10.1007/s11069-023-05839-9
- Diurnal differences in the effect of aerosols on cloud-to-ground lightning in the Sichuan Basin H. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-23-2843-2023
- Significant influence of aerosol on cloud-to-ground lightning in the Sichuan Basin Z. Shi et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106330
- The DC and AC global electric circuits and climate D. Siingh et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104542
- Lightning activity and microphysical structure characteristics during the convective cell mergers in an extreme mesoscale convective system J. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107266
- An Assessment of Atmospheric Convection Trends Over India Using Radiosonde Derived CAPE and Other Proxies P. Ojha et al. 10.1002/joc.8917
- Climate and Tropospheric Oxidizing Capacity A. Fiore et al. 10.1146/annurev-earth-032320-090307
- How to teach lightning activities to spark students' curiosity? I. Takátsné Lucz & P. Tasnádi 10.5194/asr-19-137-2022
- First study of cloud to ground lightning discharges using ground-based observations over Indian subcontinent and its possible relationship with carbon dioxide and aerosols A. Dube et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2022.105890
- Lightning activity over Telangana and Andhra Pradesh states situated in the east coast of India P. Kumar et al. 10.1007/s11069-023-05850-0
- Influence of meteorological parameters on lightning flashes over Indian region P. Yadava et al. 10.1007/s12040-023-02188-w
- Lightning-related fatalities in India (1967–2020): a detailed overview of patterns and trends M. Mishra et al. 10.1007/s10668-024-05276-z
- Modeling Lightning Activity in the Third Pole Region: Performance of a km-Scale ICON-CLM Simulation P. Singh & B. Ahrens 10.3390/atmos14111655
- Assessment of the Indian Lightning Location Network (ILLN) using ground-based and satellite observations R. Biswasharma et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108069
- Long‐term assessment of ERA5 reanalysis rainfall for lightning events over India observed by Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission Lightning Imaging Sensor P. Kumar et al. 10.1002/qj.4719
- Unfolding the mechanisms of the development of thunderstorms over eastern India: THUNDER-F field experiment K. Hosalikar et al. 10.1007/s12040-024-02430-z
- Effect of global warming on thunderstorm frequency in Bangladesh N. Jahan et al. 10.1007/s11069-024-06854-0
- Analysis of tropical cloud-to-ground and intra-cloud lightning activity in southern India C. Unnikrishnan et al. 10.1007/s12040-024-02420-1
- Seasonal and Regional Differences in the Lightning Activity Over East and West Coasts of India N. Umakanth et al. 10.1007/s00024-025-03700-7
- Observed Climatology and Trend in Relative Humidity, CAPE, and CIN over India P. Khan et al. 10.3390/atmos13020361
- Responses of extreme convective storms in the southern Himalayan front to the Indian summer monsoon X. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106026
- Temporal and Spatial Variations in Lightning Activity and Meteorological Parameters Across the Indian Himalayan Region and Indo-Gangetic Plains R. Singh et al. 10.1007/s13143-025-00391-x
- Observational evidence of the association between aerosol properties and lightning characteristics in the Indian subcontinent S. Chowdhury et al. 10.1088/2515-7620/ad7ddb
- Characterisation of thermodynamic indices and their performance in thunderstorm prediction over India using radiosonde observations N. Krishna et al. 10.1007/s11069-025-07483-x
- Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the atmospheric boundary layer and instability process over Indian region G. Basha et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154995
- Evaluating the performance and detection efficiency of Weather Research Forecasting model with lightning parameterization schemes for identifying lightning hotspots over Northeast region in India U. Mondal et al. 10.1007/s00382-024-07457-y
- Analysis of lightning strikes and associated fatalities in Jharkhand, India from 2000 to 2020 M. Mishra et al. 10.1007/s11069-025-07124-3
- Spatial Pattern and Land Surface Features Associated with Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study A. Dewan et al. 10.1007/s41748-022-00310-4
- Lightning Detection Using GEO-KOMPSAT-2A/Advanced Meteorological Imager and Ground-Based Lightning Observation Sensor LINET Data S. Lee & M. Suh 10.3390/rs16224243
- Lightning Prediction Using Electric Field Measurements Associated with Convective Events at a Tropical Location S. Jana et al. 10.1007/s00024-023-03229-7
- Trends of lightning flash density over India during different seasons K. Prasanna et al. 10.1002/joc.8400
- A new lightning scheme in the Canadian Atmospheric Model (CanAM5.1): implementation, evaluation, and projections of lightning and fire in future climates C. Whaley et al. 10.5194/gmd-17-7141-2024
- Establishment of lightning detection sensors network in India: generation of essential climate variable and characterization of cloud-to-ground lightning occurrences A. Taori et al. 10.1007/s11069-021-05042-8
- Diurnal variations in lightning over India and three lightning hotspots: A climatological study U. Mondal et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106149
- Influence of land use land cover and topography on lightning distribution over north and north-east Indian region S. Potdar et al. 10.1016/j.jastp.2025.106460
- Assessment of lightning climatology and trends over eastern India and its association with AOD and other meteorological parameters J. Akhter et al. 10.1007/s12040-023-02246-3
- Role of positive outlier cloud-to-ground lightning strokes in initiating forest fires in India D. De et al. 10.1007/s12040-024-02426-9
- Identifying robust precursor regions of driving parameters affecting the Accumulated Cyclone Energy in the North Indian Ocean using the Causal Effect Network A. Sagar et al. 10.1016/j.rines.2025.100078
- A regional study on convective lightning activity and its interaction with sea surface temperature and thermodynamic indices K. Nandhulal et al. 10.1007/s44292-025-00032-y
- Impact of decreasing land–sea horizontal pressure gradient on the lightning activity over western India A. Gangane et al. 10.1002/joc.8542
- Spatiotemporal analysis of lightning flash clusters and fatalities between 2000 and 2020 over West Bengal, India M. Mishra et al. 10.1007/s11069-023-06347-6
Latest update: 12 Jul 2025
Short summary
In this study, urbanization-induced surface warming has been found to trigger prominent changes in upper-troposphere–lower-stratosphere regions leading to stronger and more frequent lightning extremes over India. Consequently, the implementation of this hypothesis in global climate models reveals that lightning frequency and intensity values across India will rise by ~10–25 % and 15–50 %, respectively, by 2100 at the current urbanization rate, which should be alarming for present policymakers.
In this study, urbanization-induced surface warming has been found to trigger prominent changes...
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