Articles | Volume 20, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11245-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11245-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Hygroscopicity of urban aerosols and its link to size-resolved chemical composition during spring and summer in Seoul, Korea
Najin Kim
Department of Atmosphere Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722,
Korea
currently at: Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 55128, Germany
Seong Soo Yum
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Atmosphere Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722,
Korea
Minsu Park
Department of Atmosphere Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722,
Korea
Jong Sung Park
Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environment
Research, Incheon, 22689, Korea
Hye Jung Shin
Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environment
Research, Incheon, 22689, Korea
Joon Young Ahn
Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environment
Research, Incheon, 22689, Korea
Related authors
Najin Kim, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2771–2780, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a multiple-charging correction algorithm for a broad-supersaturation scanning cloud condensation nuclei (BS2-CCN) system which can obtain high time-resolution aerosol hygroscopicity and CCN activity. The correction algorithm aims at deriving the activation fraction's true value for each particle size. The meaningful differences between corrected and original κ values (single hygroscopicity parameter) emphasize the correction algorithm's importance for ambient aerosol measurement.
Najin Kim, Yafang Cheng, Nan Ma, Mira L. Pöhlker, Thomas Klimach, Thomas F. Mentel, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Hang Su
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6991–7005, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A broad supersaturation scanning CCN (BS2-CCN) system, in which particles are exposed to a range of supersaturation simultaneously, can measure a broad range of CCN activity distribution with a high time resolution. We describe how the BS2-CCN system can be effectively calibrated and which factors can affect the calibration curve. Intercomparison experiments between typical DMA-CCN and BS2-CCN measurements to evaluate the BS2-CCN system showed high correlation and good agreement.
Inyeob La, Wojciech W. Grabowski, Yongjoon Kim, Sanggyeom Kim, and Seong Soo Yum
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3952, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3952, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
We ask how the amount of aerosol particles shapes cloud structure. Using computer simulations of a laboratory cloud chamber, we varied aerosol levels and tracked droplet growth. When aerosols are few, cloud water increases with height; when many, it becomes almost uniform because vapor is used up near the bottom. These findings clarify when upward motions matter and guide chamber design and better cloud treatment in weather and climate models.
Junsu Gil, Meehye Lee, Jeonghwan Kim, Gangwoong Lee, Joonyoung Ahn, and Cheol-Hee Kim
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5251–5263, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, the framework for calculating reactive nitrogen species using a deep neural network (RND) was developed. It works through simple Python codes and provides high-accuracy reactive nitrogen oxide data. In the first version (RNDv1.0), the model calculates the nitrous acid (HONO) in urban areas, which has an important role in producing O3 and fine aerosol.
Najin Kim, Hang Su, Nan Ma, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2771–2780, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2771-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a multiple-charging correction algorithm for a broad-supersaturation scanning cloud condensation nuclei (BS2-CCN) system which can obtain high time-resolution aerosol hygroscopicity and CCN activity. The correction algorithm aims at deriving the activation fraction's true value for each particle size. The meaningful differences between corrected and original κ values (single hygroscopicity parameter) emphasize the correction algorithm's importance for ambient aerosol measurement.
Joseph S. Schlosser, Connor Stahl, Armin Sorooshian, Yen Thi-Hoang Le, Ki-Joon Jeon, Peng Xian, Carolyn E. Jordan, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, Sung Yong Gong, Hye-Jung Shin, In-Ho Song, and Jong-sang Youn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7505–7522, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
During a major haze pollution episode in March 2019, anthropogenic emissions were dominant in the boundary layer over Incheon and Seoul, South Korea. Using supermicrometer and submicrometer size- and chemistry-resolved aerosol particle measurements taken during this haze pollution period, this work shows that local emissions and a shallow boundary layer, enhanced humidity, and low temperature promoted local heterogeneous formation of secondary inorganic and organic aerosol species.
Najin Kim, Yafang Cheng, Nan Ma, Mira L. Pöhlker, Thomas Klimach, Thomas F. Mentel, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Hang Su
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6991–7005, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6991-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A broad supersaturation scanning CCN (BS2-CCN) system, in which particles are exposed to a range of supersaturation simultaneously, can measure a broad range of CCN activity distribution with a high time resolution. We describe how the BS2-CCN system can be effectively calibrated and which factors can affect the calibration curve. Intercomparison experiments between typical DMA-CCN and BS2-CCN measurements to evaluate the BS2-CCN system showed high correlation and good agreement.
Chinmoy Sarkar, Gracie Wong, Anne Mielnik, Sanjeevi Nagalingam, Nicole Jenna Gross, Alex B. Guenther, Taehyoung Lee, Taehyun Park, Jihee Ban, Seokwon Kang, Jin-Soo Park, Joonyoung Ahn, Danbi Kim, Hyunjae Kim, Jinsoo Choi, Beom-Keun Seo, Jong-Ho Kim, Jeong-Ho Kim, Soo Bog Park, and Saewung Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11505–11518, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11505-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11505-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present experimental proofs illustrating the emission of an unexplored volatile organic compound, tentatively assigned as ketene, in an industrial facility in South Korea. The emission of such a compound has rarely been reported, but our experimental data show that the emission rate is substantial. It potentially has tremendous implications for regional air quality and public health, as it is highly reactive and toxic at the same time.
Dianne Sanchez, Roger Seco, Dasa Gu, Alex Guenther, John Mak, Youngjae Lee, Danbi Kim, Joonyoung Ahn, Don Blake, Scott Herndon, Daun Jeong, John T. Sullivan, Thomas Mcgee, Rokjin Park, and Saewung Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6331–6345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6331-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6331-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present observations of total reactive gases in a suburban forest observatory in the Seoul metropolitan area. The quantitative comparison with speciated trace gas observations illustrated significant underestimation in atmospheric reactivity from the speciated trace gas observational dataset. We present scientific discussion about potential causes.
Ah-Hyun Kim, Seong Soo Yum, Dong Yeong Chang, and Minsu Park
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 259–273, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-259-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-259-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A new method to estimate the sulfate aerosol hygroscopicity parameter (κSO4) is suggested that can consider κSO4 for two different sulfate species instead of prescribing a single κSO4 value, as in most previous studies. The new method simulates more realistic cloud droplet concentrations and, thus, a more realistic cloud albedo effect than the original method. The new method is simple and readily applicable to modeling studies investigating sulfate aerosols’ effect in aerosol–cloud interactions.
Cited articles
Aknan, A. and Chen, G.: KORUS-AQ DC-8 Aircraft Dataset, KORUS-AQ, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/KORUSAQ/DATA01, 2019.
Alfarra, M. R., Coe, H., Allan, J. D., Bower, K. N., Boudries, H.,
Canagaratna, M. R., Jimenez, J. L., Jayne, J. T., Garforth, A., Li, S.-M., and
Worsnop, D. R.: Characterization of urban and regional organic aerosols in
the lower Fraser Valley using two Aerodyne AerosolMassSpectrometers, Atmos.
Environ., 38, 5745–5758, 2004.
Allan, J. D., Jimenez, J. L., Williams, P. I., Alfarra, M. R., Bower, K. N., Jayne, J.
T., Coe, H., and Worsnop, D. R.: Quantitative sampling using an Aerodyne
aerosol mass spectrometer, 1, Techniques of data interpretation and error
analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4090, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002358, 2003.
Allan, J. D., Bower, K. N., Coe, H., Boudries, H., Jayne, J. T.,
Canagaratna, M. R., Millet, D. B., Goldstein, A. H., Quinn, P. K., Weber, R.
J., and Worsnop, D. R.: Submicron aerosol composition at Trinidad Head,
California, during ITCT 2K2: Its relationship with gas phase volatile
organic carbon and assessment of instrument performance, J. Geophys. Res.,
109, D23S24, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004208, 2004.
Andreae, M. O. and Rosenfeld, D.: Aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions. Part
1. The nature and sources of cloud-active aerosol, Earth-Sci. Rev., 89,
13e41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.03.001, 2008.
Baltensperger, U., Streit, N., Weingartner, E., Nyeki, S., Prévôt,
A. S. H., Van Dingenen, R., Virkkula, A., Putaud, J. P., Even, A., Ten
Brink, H., Blatter, A., Neftel, A., and Gäggeler, H. W.: Urban and rural
aerosol characterization of summer smog events during the PIPAPO field
campaign in Milan, Italy, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, D22,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001292, 2002.
Berg, O. H., Swietlicki, E., and Krejci, R.: Hygroscopic growth of aerosol
particles in the marine boundary layer over the Pacific and Southern Oceans
during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1), J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 16535–16545, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD02851, 1998.
Bhattu, D. and Tripathi, S. N.: CCNclosure study: Effects of aerosol
chem-ical composition and mixing state, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120,
766–783, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021978, 2015.
Bhattu, D., Tripathi, S. N., and Chakraborty, A.: Deriving aerosol hygroscopic mixing state from size-resolved CCN activity and HR-ToF-AMS measurements, Atmos Environ., 142, 57-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.07.032, 2016.
Canagaratna, M. R., Jayne, J. T., Ghertner, D. A., Herndon, S., Shi, Q.,
Jimenez, J. L., Silva, P. J., Williams, P., Lanni, T., Drewnick, F.,
Demerjian, K. L., Kolb, C. E., and Worsnop, D. R.: Chase studies of particulate
emissions from in-use New York city vehicles, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 38,
555–573, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820490465504, 2004.
Cerully, K. M., Bougiatioti, A., Hite Jr., J. R., Guo, H., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Weber, R., and Nenes, A.: On the link between hygroscopicity, volatility, and oxidation state of ambient and water-soluble aerosols in the southeastern United States, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8679–8694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8679-2015, 2015.
Chang, R. Y.-W., Slowik, J. G., Shantz, N. C., Vlasenko, A., Liggio, J., Sjostedt, S. J., Leaitch, W. R., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: The hygroscopicity parameter (κ) of ambient organic aerosol at a field site subject to biogenic and anthropogenic influences: relationship to degree of aerosol oxidation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5047–5064, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5047-2010, 2010.
Cheng, Y. F., Wiedensohler, A., Eichler, H., Heintzenberg, J., Tesche, M.,
Ansmann, A., Wendisch, M., Su, H., Althausen, D., and Herrmann, H.: Relative
humidity dependence of aerosol optical properties and direct radiative
forcing in the surface boundary layer at Xinken in Pearl River Delta of
China: An observation based numerical study, Atmos. Environ., 42,
6373–6397, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.009, 2008
Cocker, D. R., Whitlock, N. E., Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H.:
Hygroscopic properties of pasadena, california aerosol, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 35, 637–647, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820120653, 2001.
Cross, E. S., Slowik, J. G., Davidovits, P., Allan, J. D., Worsnop, D. R.,
Jayne, J. T., Lewis, D. K., Canagaratna, M., and Onasch, T. B.: Laboratory and ambient
particle density determinations using light scattering in conjunction with
aerosol mass spectrometry, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 41, 343–359, 2007.
DeCarlo, P. F., Slowik, J. G., Worsnop, D. R., Davidovits, P., and
Jimenez, J. L.: Particle Morphology and Density Characterization by
Combined Mobility and Aerodynamic Diameter Measurements. Part 1: Theory,
Aerosol Sci. Tech., 38, 1185–1205, https://doi.org/10.1080/027868290903907, 2004.
Deng, Y., Yai, H., Fujinari, H., Kawana, K., Nakayama, T., and Mochida, M.: Diurnal variation and size dependence of the hygroscopicity of organic aerosol at a forest site in Wakayama, Japan: their relationship to CCN concentrations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5889–5903, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5889-2019, 2019.
Enroth, J., Mikkilä, J., Németh, Z., Kulmala, M., and Salma, I.: Wintertime hygroscopicity and volatility of ambient urban aerosol particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4533–4548, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4533-2018, 2018.
Ervens, B., Cubison, M. J., Andrews, E., Feingold, G., Ogren, J. A., Jimenez, J. L., Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Coe, H., Flynn, M., and Allan, J. D.: CCN predictions using simplified assumptions of organic aerosol composition and mixing state: a synthesis from six different locations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4795–4807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4795-2010, 2010.
Florou, K., Papanastasiou, D. K., Pikridas, M., Kaltsonoudis, C., Louvaris, E., Gkatzelis, G. I., Patoulias, D., Mihalopoulos, N., and Pandis, S. N.: The contribution of wood burning and other pollution sources to wintertime organic aerosol levels in two Greek cities, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3145–3163, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3145-2017, 2017.
Gunthe, S. S., King, S. M., Rose, D., Chen, Q., Roldin, P., Farmer, D. K., Jimenez, J. L., Artaxo, P., Andreae, M. O., Martin, S. T., and Pöschl, U.: Cloud condensation nuclei in pristine tropical rainforest air of Amazonia: size-resolved measurements and modeling of atmospheric aerosol composition and CCN activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7551–7575, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7551-2009, 2009.
Gysel, M., Crosier, J., Topping, D. O., Whitehead, J. D., Bower, K. N., Cubison, M. J., Williams, P. I., Flynn, M. J., McFiggans, G. B., and Coe, H.: Closure study between chemical composition and hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles during TORCH2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 6131–6144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-6131-2007, 2007.
Heo, J.-B., Hopke, P. K., and Yi, S.-M.: Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Seoul, Korea, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4957–4971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4957-2009, 2009.
Hong, J., Kim, J., Nieminen, T., Duplissy, J., Ehn, M., Äijälä, M., Hao, L. Q., Nie, W., Sarnela, N., Prisle, N. L., Kulmala, M., Virtanen, A., Petäjä, T., and Kerminen, V.-M.: Relating the hygroscopic properties of submicron aerosol to both gas- and particle-phase chemical composition in a boreal forest environment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11999–12009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11999-2015, 2015.
Hong, J., Xu, H., Tan, H., Yin, C., Hao, L., Li, F., Cai, M., Deng, X., Wang, N., Su, H., Cheng, Y., Wang, L., Petäjä, T., and Kerminen, V.-M.: Mixing state and particle hygroscopicity of organic-dominated aerosols over the Pearl River Delta region in China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14079–14094, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14079-2018, 2018.
IPCC: Climate Change: the physical science basis, Working Group I
Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, New York, NY,
USA, 2013.
Jiang, R. X., Tan, H. B., Tang, L. L., Cai, M. F., Yin, Y., Li, F., Liu, L.,
Xu, H. B., Chan, P. W., Deng, X. J., and Wu, D.: Comparison of aerosol
hygroscopicity and mixing state between winter and summer seasons in Pearl
River Delta region, China, Atmos. Res., 169, 160–170, 2016.
Jurányi, Z., Tritscher, T., Gysel, M., Laborde, M., Gomes, L., Roberts, G., Baltensperger, U., and Weingartner, E.: Hygroscopic mixing state of urban aerosol derived from size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei measurements during the MEGAPOLI campaign in Paris, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6431–6446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6431-2013, 2013.
Kim, H., Zhang, Q., and Heo, J.: Influence of intense secondary aerosol formation and long-range transport on aerosol chemistry and properties in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during spring time: results from KORUS-AQ, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 7149–7168, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7149-2018, 2018.
Kim, J. H., Yum, S. S., Shim, S., Yoon, S.-C., Hudson, J. G., Park, J., and Lee, S.-J.: On aerosol hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra and critical supersaturation measured at two remote islands of Korea between 2006 and 2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12627–12645, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12627-2011, 2011.
Kim, N., Park, M., Yum, S. S., Park, J. S., Song, I. H., Shin, H. J., Ahn,
J. Y., Kwak, K.-H., Kim, H., Bae, G.-N., and Lee, G.: Hygroscopic properties
of urban aerosols and their cloud condensation nuclei activities measured in
Seoul during the MAPS-Seoul campaign, Atmos. Environ., 153, 217–232,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.01.034, 2017.
Kim, N., Park, M., Yum, S. S., Park, J. S., Shin, H. J., and Ahn, J. Y.: Impact
of urban aerosol properties on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity
during the KORUS-AQ field campaign, Atmos Environ., 185, 221–236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.05.019, 2018.
Kim, S.-W., Choi, I.-J., and Yoon, S.-C.: A multi-year analysis of clear-sky
aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing at Gosan, Korea
(2001–2008), Atmos. Res., 95, 279–287, 2010.
KORUS-AQ project team members: KORUS-AQ data, NASA, https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/KORUSAQ/DATA01, 2020.
Larkin, A., van Donkelaar, A., Geddes, J. A., Martin, R. V., and Hystad, P.: Relationships between changes in urban characteristics and air quality in East Asia from
2000 to 2010, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 9142–9149, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02549, 2016.
Levin, E. J. T., Prenni, A. J., Petters, M. D., Kreidenweis, S. M., Sullivan,
R. C., Atwood, S. A., Ortega, J., DeMott, P. J., and Smith, J. N.: An annual cycle of
size-resolved aerosol hygroscopicity at a forested site in Colorado, J.
Geophys. Res., 117, D06201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016854, 2012.
Levin, E. J. T., Prenni, A. J., Palm, B. B., Day, D. A., Campuzano-Jost, P., Winkler, P. M., Kreidenweis, S. M., DeMott, P. J., Jimenez, J. L., and Smith, J. N.: Size-resolved aerosol composition and its link to hygroscopicity at a forested site in Colorado, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2657–2667, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2657-2014, 2014.
Liu, B. Y. H., Pui, D. Y. H., Whitby, K. T., Kittelson, D. B., and Kousaka,
Y., and McKenzie, R. L.: The aerosol mobility chromatograph: A new detector
for sulfuric acid aerosols, Atmos. Environ., 12, 99–104,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(78)90192-0, 1978.
Liu, X., Gu, J., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Qu, Y., Han, T., Wang, J., Tian, H.,
Chen, J., and Zhang, Y.: Increase of aerosol scattering by hygroscopic
growth: Observation, modeling, and implications on visibility, Atmos. Res.,
132–133, 91–101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.04.007, 2013.
Maßling, A., Wiedensohler, A., Busch, B., Neusüß, C., Quinn, P., Bates, T., and Covert, D.: Hygroscopic properties of different aerosol types over the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1377–1397, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1377-2003, 2003.
Massling, A., Stock, M., and Wiedensohler, A.: Diurnal, weekly, and seasonal
variation of hygroscopic properties of submicrometer urban aerosol
particles, Atmos. Environ., 39, 3911–3922,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.020, 2005.
Massling, A., Leinert, S., Wiedensohler, A., and Covert, D.: Hygroscopic growth of sub-micrometer and one-micrometer aerosol particles measured during ACE-Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3249–3259, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3249-2007, 2007.
McFiggans, G., Artaxo, P., Baltensperger, U., Coe, H., Facchini, M. C., Feingold, G., Fuzzi, S., Gysel, M., Laaksonen, A., Lohmann, U., Mentel, T. F., Murphy, D. M., O'Dowd, C. D., Snider, J. R., and Weingartner, E.: The effect of physical and chemical aerosol properties on warm cloud droplet activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2593–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2593-2006, 2006.
Meng, J. W., Yeung, M. C., Li, Y. J., Lee, B. Y. L., and Chan, C. K.: Size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and closure analysis at the HKUST Supersite in Hong Kong, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10267–10282, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10267-2014, 2014.
Mei, F., Setyan, A., Zhang, Q., and Wang, J.: CCN activity of organic aerosols observed downwind of urban emissions during CARES, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 12155–12169, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12155-2013, 2013.
Moore, R. H., Nenes, A., and Medina, J.: Scanning mobility CCN analysis-A
method for fast measurements of size-resolved CCN distributions and
activation kinetics, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 44, 861–871,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.498715, 2010.
O'Haver, T. C.: Pragmatic introduction to signal processing 2016:
Applications in scientific measurement, Independently published, http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~toh/spectrum/InteractivePeakFitter.htm, last access: September, 2016.
Paatero, P. and Hopke, P. K.: Discarding or downweighting high-noise
variables in factor analytic models, Anal. Chim. Acta, 490, 277–289, 2003.
Paramonov, M., Aalto, P. P., Asmi, A., Prisle, N., Kerminen, V.-M., Kulmala, M., and Petäjä, T.: The analysis of size-segregated cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) data and its implications for cloud droplet activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10285–10301, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10285-2013, 2013.
Petters, M. D. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1961-2007, 2007.
Petters, M. D., Wex, H., Carrico, C. M., Hallbauer, E., Massling, A., McMeeking, G. R., Poulain, L., Wu, Z., Kreidenweis, S. M., and Stratmann, F.: Towards closing the gap between hygroscopic growth and activation for secondary organic aerosol – Part 2: Theoretical approaches, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3999–4009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3999-2009, 2009.
Reilly, P. J. and Wood, R. H.: Prediction of Properties of Mixed
Electrolytes from Measurements on Common Ion Mixtures, J. Phys. Chem., 73, 4292–4297, 1969.
Ren, J., Zhang, F., Wang, Y., Collins, D., Fan, X., Jin, X., Xu, W., Sun, Y., Cribb, M., and Li, Z.: Using different assumptions of aerosol mixing state and chemical composition to predict CCN concentrations based on field measurements in urban Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 6907–6921, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6907-2018, 2018.
Rissler, J., Swietlicki, E., Zhou, J., Roberts, G., Andreae, M. O., Gatti, L. V., and Artaxo, P.: Physical properties of the sub-micrometer aerosol over the Amazon rain forest during the wet-to-dry season transition – comparison of modeled and measured CCN concentrations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2119–2143, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2119-2004, 2004.
Rogers, R. R. and Yau, M. K.: A short course in cloud physics, vol. 113,
International Series in Natural Philosophy, 3rd edn., Butterworth-Heinemann, New York, 1989.
Rosenfeld, D., Sherwood, S., Wood, R., and Donner, L.: Climate effects of
aerosol-cloud interactions, Science, 343, 379–380,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1247490, 2014.
Stokes, R. H. and Robinson, R. A.: Interactions in aqueous nonelectrolyte
solutions. I. Solute-solvent equilibria, J. Phys. Chem., 70, 2126–2130,
1966.
Su, H., Rose, D., Cheng, Y. F., Gunthe, S. S., Massling, A., Stock, M., Wiedensohler, A., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Hygroscopicity distribution concept for measurement data analysis and modeling of aerosol particle mixing state with regard to hygroscopic growth and CCN activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7489–7503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7489-2010, 2010.
Swietlicki, E., Zhou, J., Covert, D. S., Hameri, K., Busch, B., Vakevä, M., Dusek, U., Berg, O. H., Wiedensohler, A., Aalto, P., Makelä, J., Martinsson, B. G., Papaspiropoulos, G., Mentes, B., Frank, G., and Stratmann, F.: Hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles in the northeastern
Atlantic during ACE-2, Tellus, 52B, 201–227, 2000.
Swietlicki, E., Hansson, H. C., Hämeri, K., Svenningsson, B., Massling,
A., Mcfiggans, G., Mcmurry, P. H., Petäjä, T., Tunved, P., Gysel,
M., Topping, D., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U., Rissler, J.,
Wiedensohler, A., and Kulmala, M.: Hygroscopic properties of submicrometer
atmospheric aerosol particles measured with H-TDMA instruments in various
environments – A review, Tellus B, 60 B,
432–469, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00350.x, 2008.
Tang, I. N.: Chemical and size effects of hygroscopic aerosols on light
scattering coefficients, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 19245–19250,
https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD03003, 1996.
Thalman, R., de Sá, S. S., Palm, B. B., Barbosa, H. M. J., Pöhlker, M. L., Alexander, M. L., Brito, J., Carbone, S., Castillo, P., Day, D. A., Kuang, C., Manzi, A., Ng, N. L., Sedlacek III, A. J., Souza, R., Springston, S., Watson, T., Pöhlker, C., Pöschl, U., Andreae, M. O., Artaxo, P., Jimenez, J. L., Martin, S. T., and Wang, J.: CCN activity and organic hygroscopicity of aerosols downwind of an urban region in central Amazonia: seasonal and diel variations and impact of anthropogenic emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11779–11801, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11779-2017, 2017.
Tomlinson, J. M., Li, R. J., and Collins, D. R.: Physical and chemical
properties of the aerosol within the southeastern Pa- cific marine boundary
layer. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 112, D12211, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007771, 2007.
Topping, D. O., McFiggans, G. B., and Coe, H.: A curved multi-component aerosol hygroscopicity model framework: Part 2 – Including organic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1223–1242, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-1223-2005, 2005.
Ulbrich, I. M., Canagaratna, M. R., Zhang, Q., Worsnop, D. R., and Jimenez, J. L.: Interpretation of organic components from Positive Matrix Factorization of aerosol mass spectrometric data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2891–2918, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2891-2009, 2009.
Wang, J., Cubison, M. J., Aiken, A. C., Jimenez, J. L., and Collins, D. R.: The importance of aerosol mixing state and size-resolved composition on CCN concentration and the variation of the importance with atmospheric aging of aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7267–7283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7267-2010, 2010.
Wang, Y., Zhang, F., Li, Z., Tan, H., Xu, H., Ren, J., Zhao, J., Du, W., and Sun, Y.: Enhanced hydrophobicity and volatility of submicron aerosols under severe emission control conditions in Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5239–5251, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5239-2017, 2017.
Wang, Y., Wu, Z., Ma, N., Wu, Y., Zeng, L., Zhao, C., and Wiedensohler, A.:
Statistical analysis and parameterization of the hygroscopic growth of the
sub-micrometer urban background aerosol in Beijing, Atmos. Environ.,
175, 184–191, 2018.
Wex, H., Petters, M. D., Carrico, C. M., Hallbauer, E., Massling, A., McMeeking, G. R., Poulain, L., Wu, Z., Kreidenweis, S. M., and Stratmann, F.: Towards closing the gap between hygroscopic growth and activation for secondary organic aerosol: Part 1 – Evidence from measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3987–3997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3987-2009, 2009.
Wu, Z. J., Poulain, L., Henning, S., Dieckmann, K., Birmili, W., Merkel, M., van Pinxteren, D., Spindler, G., Müller, K., Stratmann, F., Herrmann, H., and Wiedensohler, A.: Relating particle hygroscopicity and CCN activity to chemical composition during the HCCT-2010 field campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7983–7996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7983-2013, 2013.
Wu, Z. J., Zheng, J., Shang, D. J., Du, Z. F., Wu, Y. S., Zeng, L. M., Wiedensohler, A., and Hu, M.: Particle hygroscopicity and its link to chemical composition in the urban atmosphere of Beijing, China, during summertime, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1123–1138, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1123-2016, 2016.
Ye, X., Tang, C., Yin, Z., Chen, J., Ma, Z., Kong, L., Yang, X., Wei, G., and
Geng, F.: Hygroscopic growth of urban aerosol particles during the 2009
Mirage-Shanghai Campaign, Atmos. Envion., 64, 263–269, 2013.
Zdanovskii, A.: New methods for calculating solubilities of electrolytes in
multicomponent systems, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 22, 1475–1485, 1948.
Zhang, Q., Alfarra, M. R., Worsnop, D. R., Allan, J. D., Coe, H.,
Canagaratna, M. R., and Jimenez, J. L.: Deconvolution and quantification of
hydrocarbon-like and oxygenated organic aerosols based on aerosol mass
spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 4938–4952, 2005.
Zhang, Q., Jimenez, J. L., Canagaratna, M. R., Allan, J. D., Coe, H.,
Ulbrich, I., Alfarra, M. R., Takami, A., Middlebrook, A. M., Sun, Y. L.,
Dzepina, K., Dunlea, E., Docherty, K., DeCarlo, P. F., Salcedo, D., Onasch,
T., Jayne, J. T., Miyoshi, T., Shimono, A., Hatakeyama, S., Takegawa, N.,
Kondo, Y., Schneider, J., Drewnick, F., Borrmann, S., Weimer, S., Demerjian,
K., Williams, P., Bower, K., Bahreini, R., Cottrell, L., Griffin, R. J.,
Rautiainen, J., Sun, J. Y., Zhang, Y. M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Ubiquity and
dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in
anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 34, L13801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029979, 2007.
Zhang, R., Khalizov, A. F., Pagels, J., Zhang, D., Xue, H., and McMurry, P.
H.: Variability in morphology, hygroscopicity, and optical properties of
soot aerosols during atmospheric processing, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105,
10291–10296, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804860105, 2008.
Zheng, G. J., Duan, F. K., Su, H., Ma, Y. L., Cheng, Y., Zheng, B., Zhang, Q., Huang, T., Kimoto, T., Chang, D., Pöschl, U., Cheng, Y. F., and He, K. B.: Exploring the severe winter haze in Beijing: the impact of synoptic weather, regional transport and heterogeneous reactions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2969–2983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2969-2015, 2015.
Zhou, J., Swietlicki, E., Berg, O. H., Aalto, P. P., Hämeri, K.,
Nilsson, E. D., and Leck, C.: Hygroscopic properties of aerosol particles
over the central Arctic Ocean during summer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
106, 32111–32123, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900426, 2001.
Zhou, J., Swietlicki, E., Hansson, H. C., and Artaxo, P.: Submicrometer aerosol
particle size distribution and hygroscopic growth measured in the Amazon
rain forest during the wet season, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, 8055–8064, 2002.
Short summary
Chemical effects on the size-resolved hygroscopicity of urban aerosols were examined based on the KORUS-AQ field campaign data (HTDMA and HR-ToF-AMS). The size-resolved chemical composition data were found to be critical in explaining the size-dependent hygroscopicity, as well as the diurnal variation of κ for small particles. Aerosol mixing state information was associated with the size-resolved chemical composition data to reveal chemical information of different hygroscopicity modes.
Chemical effects on the size-resolved hygroscopicity of urban aerosols were examined based on...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint