Articles | Volume 19, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13973-2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13973-2019
Research article
 | 
20 Nov 2019
Research article |  | 20 Nov 2019

Potential regional air quality impacts of cannabis cultivation facilities in Denver, Colorado

Chi-Tsan Wang, Christine Wiedinmyer, Kirsti Ashworth, Peter C. Harley, John Ortega, Quazi Z. Rasool, and William Vizuete

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Cited articles

Adelman, Z., Shankar, U., Yang, D., and Morris, R.: Western Air Quality Modeling Study Photochemical Grid Model Final Model Performance Evaluation, available at: http://views.cira.colostate.edu/wiki/Attachments/Modeling/WAQS_Base11b_MPE_Final.pdf (last access: 29 October 2019), 2016. 
Andreae, M. H., Rhodes, E., Bourgoise, T., Carter, G. M., White, R. S., Indyk, D., Sacks, H., and Rhodes, R.: An Ethical Exploration of Barriers to Research on Controlled Drugs, Am. J. Bioethics, 16, 36–47, https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2016.1145282, 2016. 
Ashton, C. H.: Pharmacology and effects of cannabis: a brief review, Brit. J. Psychiat., 178, 101–106, https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.178.2.101, 2001. 
Bauer, S., Olson, J., Cockrill, A., van Hattem, M., Miller, L., Tauzer, M., and Leppig, G.: Impacts of Surface Water Diversions for Marijuana Cultivation on Aquatic Habitat in Four Northwestern California Watersheds, Plos One, 10, 25 pp., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120016, 2015. 
Borchardt, D.: Forbes-Marijuana Sales Totaled $6.7 Billion In 2016: available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/debraborchardt/2017/01/03/marijuana-sales-totaled-6-7-billion-in-2016/#2040f22175e3 (last access: 2 May 2019), 2017. 
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Short summary
The legal commercialization of cannabis has created a new and almost unregulated industry. Here we present the first inventory of volatile organic compound emissions from cannabis cultivation facilities (CCFs) for Colorado. When applied within a regulatory air quality model to predict regional ozone impacts, our inventory results in net ozone formation near CCFs with the largest increases in Denver County. However, our inventory is highly uncertain and we identify future critical data needs.
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