Articles | Volume 16, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2641-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2641-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Nucleation and growth of sub-3 nm particles in the polluted urban atmosphere of a megacity in China
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Luyu Zhou
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Liang Dai
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Wenchao Shen
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Wei Dai
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jun Zheng
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Yan Ma
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Mindong Chen
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Related authors
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Chong Xing, Qiongqiong Wang, Xinlei Ge, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15413–15423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The organic compounds involved in continental new particle formation have been investigated in depth in the last 2 decades. In contrast, no prior work has studied the exact chemical composition of organic compounds and their role in coastal new particle formation. We present a complementary study to the ongoing laboratory and field research on iodine nucleation in the coastal atmosphere. This study provided a more complete story of coastal I-NPF from low-tide macroalgal emission.
Haoran Zhang, Nan Li, Keqin Tang, Hong Liao, Chong Shi, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Song Guo, Min Hu, Xinlei Ge, Mindong Chen, Zhenxin Liu, Huan Yu, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5495–5514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm with low economic/technique costs to identify primary and secondary components of PM2.5. Our model was shown to be reliable by comparison with different observation datasets. We systematically explored the patterns and changes in the secondary PM2.5 pollution in China at large spatial and time scales. We believe that this method is a promising tool for efficiently estimating primary and secondary PM2.5, and has huge potential for future PM mitigation.
Dong Chen, Yu Zhao, Jie Zhang, Huan Yu, and Xingna Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10193–10210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the characteristics and sources of aerosol scattering for Nanjing. The method of aerosol scattering estimation was optimized based on field measurements, and the impacts of aerosol size and composition were quantified. To explore the reasons for the reduced visibility, source apportionment of aerosol scattering was conducted by pollution level. This work stressed the linkage between aerosols and visibility and improved the understanding of emissions and their role in air quality.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Bin Jiang, Binyu Kuang, Manfei Lin, Deming Xia, Yuhong Liao, Jingwen Chen, Jian Zhen Yu, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9821–9835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic iodine emission from macroalgae and microalgae could initiate atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). But it is unknown if other species are needed to drive the growth of new iodine particles in the marine boundary layer. Unlike the deeper understanding of organic compounds driving continental NPF, little is known about the organics involved in coastal or open-ocean NPF. This article reveals a new group of important organic compounds involved in this process.
Huan Yu, Lili Ren, Xiangpeng Huang, Mingjie Xie, Jun He, and Hang Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4025–4039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Iodine is an essential trace element for mammals and aquatic plants. Increasing alga populations due to serious eutrophication in the coastal waters of China promote iodine emission. China contributes about 60 % of the global cultivated seaweed production. Iodine is likely emitted to the atmosphere and transformed into nanoparticles during the farming, harvesting, and processing of seaweed. Wild and farmed algae make the coastal area of China a potential hotspot of new particle formation.
Yangzhou Wu, Xinlei Ge, Junfeng Wang, Yafei Shen, Zhaolian Ye, Shun Ge, Yun Wu, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents results regarding the secondary aerosol formations in suburan Nanjing, a site downwind of an industrial zone. We show that under such an industrialized environment, secondary species overwhelmingly dominate the fine particle mass, and moisture (relative humidity) is critical in enhancing formations of sulfate, nitrate and the most oxygenated portion of OA, while less oxygenated secondary OA was mainly driven by photochemical processing.
Jenni Kontkanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Lauri Ahonen, Juha Kangasluoma, Hanna E. Manninen, Jani Hakala, Clémence Rose, Karine Sellegri, Shan Xiao, Lin Wang, Ximeng Qi, Wei Nie, Aijun Ding, Huan Yu, Shanhu Lee, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2163–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The concentrations of ~1–3 nm particles were investigated at nine sites around the world. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were highest at the sites with strong anthropogenic influence. Electrically neutral particles dominated sub-3 nm particle concentrations in polluted environments and in boreal forest during spring and summer. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were observed to be determined by the availability of precursor vapors rather than the sink caused by preexisting aerosol particles.
Junfeng Wang, Xinlei Ge, Yanfang Chen, Yafei Shen, Qi Zhang, Yele Sun, Jianzhong Xu, Shun Ge, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9109–9127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Highly time- and chemically resolved submicron aerosol properties were characterized online for the first time during springtime in Nanjing by using the Aerodyne SP-AMS. Both chemical and size information of black carbon together with other aerosol species were simultaneously determined. An in-depth analysis of the data elucidates the sources and evolution processes of the fine aerosols in the YRD region. Our findings are valuable for air quality remediation in the densely populated regions.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Chong Xing, Qiongqiong Wang, Xinlei Ge, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15413–15423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The organic compounds involved in continental new particle formation have been investigated in depth in the last 2 decades. In contrast, no prior work has studied the exact chemical composition of organic compounds and their role in coastal new particle formation. We present a complementary study to the ongoing laboratory and field research on iodine nucleation in the coastal atmosphere. This study provided a more complete story of coastal I-NPF from low-tide macroalgal emission.
Haoran Zhang, Nan Li, Keqin Tang, Hong Liao, Chong Shi, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Song Guo, Min Hu, Xinlei Ge, Mindong Chen, Zhenxin Liu, Huan Yu, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5495–5514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm with low economic/technique costs to identify primary and secondary components of PM2.5. Our model was shown to be reliable by comparison with different observation datasets. We systematically explored the patterns and changes in the secondary PM2.5 pollution in China at large spatial and time scales. We believe that this method is a promising tool for efficiently estimating primary and secondary PM2.5, and has huge potential for future PM mitigation.
Jing Cai, Cheng Wu, Jiandong Wang, Wei Du, Feixue Zheng, Simo Hakala, Xiaolong Fan, Biwu Chu, Lei Yao, Zemin Feng, Yongchun Liu, Yele Sun, Jun Zheng, Chao Yan, Federico Bianchi, Markku Kulmala, Claudia Mohr, and Kaspar R. Daellenbach
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1251–1269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the connection between organic aerosol (OA) molecular composition and particle absorptive properties in autumn in Beijing. We find that the molecular properties of OA compounds in different episodes influence particle light absorption properties differently: the light absorption enhancement of black carbon and light absorption coefficient of brown carbon were mostly related to more oxygenated OA (low C number and four O atoms) and aromatics/nitro-aromatics, respectively.
Dong Chen, Yu Zhao, Jie Zhang, Huan Yu, and Xingna Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10193–10210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the characteristics and sources of aerosol scattering for Nanjing. The method of aerosol scattering estimation was optimized based on field measurements, and the impacts of aerosol size and composition were quantified. To explore the reasons for the reduced visibility, source apportionment of aerosol scattering was conducted by pollution level. This work stressed the linkage between aerosols and visibility and improved the understanding of emissions and their role in air quality.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Bin Jiang, Binyu Kuang, Manfei Lin, Deming Xia, Yuhong Liao, Jingwen Chen, Jian Zhen Yu, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9821–9835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic iodine emission from macroalgae and microalgae could initiate atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). But it is unknown if other species are needed to drive the growth of new iodine particles in the marine boundary layer. Unlike the deeper understanding of organic compounds driving continental NPF, little is known about the organics involved in coastal or open-ocean NPF. This article reveals a new group of important organic compounds involved in this process.
Jun Zheng, Xiaowen Shi, Yan Ma, Xinrong Ren, Halim Jabbour, Yiwei Diao, Weiwei Wang, Yifeng Ge, Yuchan Zhang, and Wenhui Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5457–5475, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A high level of nitrous acid (HONO) is formed from NOx emitted by industrial activities; this HONO then promotes secondary air pollutant (e.g., aerosol and O3) formation within these plumes by contributing to free-radical production. Heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surfaces are found to be one of the major formation routes of HONO. Therefore, HONO plays a synergic role in haze formation in heavily industrialized areas.
Zhujie Li, Haobo Tan, Jun Zheng, Li Liu, Yiming Qin, Nan Wang, Fei Li, Yongjie Li, Mingfu Cai, Yan Ma, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11669–11685, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11669-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11669-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive field measurements were conducted to investigate aerosol compositions, optical properties, source origins, and radiative forcing effects in Guangzhou. Particulate brown carbon (BrC) light absorption was differentiated from that of black carbon. BrC was mostly due to primary emissions, such as straw burning, rather than secondary formation. BrC may cause ∼2.3 W m−2 radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere and contribute to ∼15.8 % of the aerosol warming effect.
Huan Yu, Lili Ren, Xiangpeng Huang, Mingjie Xie, Jun He, and Hang Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4025–4039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Iodine is an essential trace element for mammals and aquatic plants. Increasing alga populations due to serious eutrophication in the coastal waters of China promote iodine emission. China contributes about 60 % of the global cultivated seaweed production. Iodine is likely emitted to the atmosphere and transformed into nanoparticles during the farming, harvesting, and processing of seaweed. Wild and farmed algae make the coastal area of China a potential hotspot of new particle formation.
Runlong Cai, Dongsen Yang, Lauri R. Ahonen, Linlin Shi, Frans Korhonen, Yan Ma, Jiming Hao, Tuukka Petäjä, Jun Zheng, Juha Kangasluoma, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4477–4491, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4477-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4477-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We tested the performance of four inversion methods to recover sub-3 nm aerosol size distributions using the particle size magnifier (PSM). The PSM is widely used in new particle formation study; however, the inversion methods used in previous studies may report false particle concentrations. Due to the results, we suggest using the expectation–maximization algorithm to address the PSM inversion problem. We also gave practical suggestions on PSM operation based on the inversion analysis.
Xiaoxiao Li, Yan Ma, Hui Chen, Youling Jiang, Xin Ma, Rujin Yin, Dongsen Yang, Xiaowen Shi, Jiming Hao, Jingkun Jiang, and Jun Zheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2018-45, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2018-45, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The ACSM calibration method using a constant RIE with reference to inorganic salt standards may be oversimplified to reflect the SOA properties in the real atmosphere. In this work, a Q-ACSM was calibrated with SOA standards generated from both anthropogenic and biogenic VOCs in ppbv level inside a smog chamber. The sensitivity of the Q-ACSM to SOA was found to be anti-correlated with the aerosol oxidation state regardless of the VOC precursors, indicating that a variable RIE shall be applied.
Yangzhou Wu, Xinlei Ge, Junfeng Wang, Yafei Shen, Zhaolian Ye, Shun Ge, Yun Wu, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents results regarding the secondary aerosol formations in suburan Nanjing, a site downwind of an industrial zone. We show that under such an industrialized environment, secondary species overwhelmingly dominate the fine particle mass, and moisture (relative humidity) is critical in enhancing formations of sulfate, nitrate and the most oxygenated portion of OA, while less oxygenated secondary OA was mainly driven by photochemical processing.
Runlong Cai, Dongsen Yang, Yueyun Fu, Xing Wang, Xiaoxiao Li, Yan Ma, Jiming Hao, Jun Zheng, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12327–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12327-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12327-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The governing factors for new particle formation (NPF) events in Beijing were analyzed. The roles of gaseous precursors and aerosol surface area were illustrated. It appears that the abundance of gaseous precursors in Beijing is high enough to have nucleation; however, it is aerosol surface area that determines the occurrence of NPF events in Beijing. Aerosol loading thresholds (in the form of aerosol surface area and PM2.5 concentration) for predicting NPF days in Beijing were suggested.
Zhaolian Ye, Jiashu Liu, Aijun Gu, Feifei Feng, Yuhai Liu, Chenglu Bi, Jianzhong Xu, Ling Li, Hui Chen, Yanfang Chen, Liang Dai, Quanfa Zhou, and Xinlei Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2573–2592, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2573-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2573-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work performed a thorough chemical characterization on the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples, collected during July 2015 to April 2016 across four seasons in Changzhou for the first time. In particular, an Aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) was deployed offline to probe the chemical properties and sources of the water-soluble fraction of organic aerosols (WSOAs).
Jenni Kontkanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Lauri Ahonen, Juha Kangasluoma, Hanna E. Manninen, Jani Hakala, Clémence Rose, Karine Sellegri, Shan Xiao, Lin Wang, Ximeng Qi, Wei Nie, Aijun Ding, Huan Yu, Shanhu Lee, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2163–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The concentrations of ~1–3 nm particles were investigated at nine sites around the world. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were highest at the sites with strong anthropogenic influence. Electrically neutral particles dominated sub-3 nm particle concentrations in polluted environments and in boreal forest during spring and summer. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were observed to be determined by the availability of precursor vapors rather than the sink caused by preexisting aerosol particles.
Yan Ma, Yiwei Diao, Bingjie Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Xinrong Ren, Dongsen Yang, Ming Wang, Xiaowen Shi, and Jun Zheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 6101–6116, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-6101-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-6101-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Here we reported the development of a PTR-ID-CIMS to investigate industry-related emissions of VOCs in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, the largest economic zone in China. We observed strong primary HCHO emissions from the industrial zone that overwhelmed local HCHO secondary formation. These primary HCHO sources can potentially lead to severe local and regional air pollution formation. Therefore, primary industrial HCHO emissions should be strictly monitored and regulated in this region.
Junfeng Wang, Xinlei Ge, Yanfang Chen, Yafei Shen, Qi Zhang, Yele Sun, Jianzhong Xu, Shun Ge, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9109–9127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Highly time- and chemically resolved submicron aerosol properties were characterized online for the first time during springtime in Nanjing by using the Aerodyne SP-AMS. Both chemical and size information of black carbon together with other aerosol species were simultaneously determined. An in-depth analysis of the data elucidates the sources and evolution processes of the fine aerosols in the YRD region. Our findings are valuable for air quality remediation in the densely populated regions.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
Measurement report: High Arctic aerosol hygroscopicity at sub- and supersaturated conditions during spring and summer
Ice-nucleating particles in northern Greenland: annual cycles, biological contribution and parameterizations
Aerosol deposition to the boreal forest in the vicinity of the Alberta Oil Sands
The density of ambient black carbon retrieved by a new method: implications for cloud condensation nuclei prediction
Long-range transported continental aerosol in the eastern North Atlantic: three multiday event regimes influence cloud condensation nuclei
Measurement report: Understanding the seasonal cycle of Southern Ocean aerosols
Elucidating ozone and PM2.5 pollution in the Fenwei Plain reveals the co-benefits of controlling precursor gas emissions in winter haze
Quantifying particle-to-particle heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity
Measurement report: Black carbon properties and concentrations in southern Sweden urban and rural air – the importance of long-range transport
Diurnal differences in the effect of aerosols on cloud-to-ground lightning in the Sichuan Basin
Intensive aerosol properties of boreal and regional biomass burning aerosol at Mt. Bachelor Observatory: larger and black carbon (BC)-dominant particles transported from Siberian wildfires
Characterization of ultrafine particles and the occurrence of new particle formation events in an urban and coastal site of the Mediterranean area
Atmospheric nanoparticles hygroscopic growth measurement by a combined surface plasmon resonance microscope and hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer
A full year of aerosol size distribution data from the central Arctic under an extreme positive Arctic Oscillation: insights from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition
Annual cycle of hygroscopic properties and mixing state of the suburban aerosol in Athens, Greece
Measurement report: Atmospheric new particle formation at a peri-urban site in Lille, northern France
New particle formation and growth during summer in an urban environment: a dual chamber study
Measurement Report: Rapid decline of aerosol absorption coefficient and aerosol optical properties effects on radiative forcing in urban areas of Beijing from 2018 to 2021
An evaluation of biomass burning aerosol mass, extinction, and size distribution in GEOS using observations from CAMP2Ex
Seasonal significance of new particle formation impacts on cloud condensation nuclei at a mountaintop location
Aerosol activation characteristics and prediction at the central European ACTRIS research station of Melpitz, Germany
Measurement Report: Wintertime new particle formation in the rural area of North China Plain: influencing factors and possible formation mechanism
Measurement report: Increasing trend of atmospheric ion concentrations in the boreal forest
Vertical profiles of cloud condensation nuclei number concentration and its empirical estimate from aerosol optical properties over the North China Plain
Measurement report: The Urmia playa as a source of airborne dust and ice-nucleating particles – Part 1: Correlation between soils and airborne samples
Constraining the particle-scale diversity of black carbon light absorption using a unified framework
Survival probability of new atmospheric particles: closure between theory and measurements from 1.4 to 100 nm
Predicting atmospheric background number concentration of ice-nucleating particles in the Arctic
Different effects of anthropogenic emissions and aging processes on the mixing state of soot particles in the nucleation and accumulation modes
Fluorescence characteristics, absorption properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in seasonal snow across northeastern China
Measurement report: Size distributions of urban aerosols down to 1 nm from long-term measurements
Rapid reappearance of air pollution after cold air outbreaks in northern and eastern China
On the relation between apparent ion and total particle growth rates in the boreal forest and related chamber experiments
Assessment of NAAPS-RA performance in Maritime Southeast Asia during CAMP2Ex
Comparison of particle number size distribution trends in ground measurements and climate models
Aerosol size distribution changes in FIREX-AQ biomass burning plumes: the impact of plume concentration on coagulation and OA condensation/evaporation
Impact of water uptake and mixing state on submicron particle deposition in the human respiratory tract (HRT) based on explicit hygroscopicity measurements at HRT-like conditions
Parameterizations of size distribution and refractive index of biomass burning organic aerosol with black carbon content
Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high-latitude dust sources
Measurement report: Atmospheric fluorescent bioaerosol concentrations measured during 18 months in a coniferous forest in the south of Sweden
Airborne observations during KORUS-AQ show that aerosol optical depths are more spatially self-consistent than aerosol intensive properties
Using aircraft measurements to characterize subgrid-scale variability of aerosol properties near the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains site
Measurement report: A multi-year study on the impacts of Chinese New Year celebrations on air quality in Beijing, China
Mixing state of black carbon at different atmospheres in north and southwest China
Columnar and surface urban aerosol in the Moscow megacity according to measurements and simulations with the COSMO-ART model
Vertical aerosol particle exchange in the marine boundary layer estimated from helicopter-borne measurements in the Azores region
Circum-Antarctic abundance and properties of CCN and INPs
The ice-nucleating activity of African mineral dust in the Caribbean boundary layer
Aerosol first indirect effect of African smoke in marine stratocumulus clouds over Ascension Island, south Atlantic Ocean
Biomass burning and marine aerosol processing over the southeast Atlantic Ocean: a TEM single-particle analysis
Andreas Massling, Robert Lange, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Ulrich Gosewinkel, Lise-Lotte Sørensen, and Henrik Skov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4931–4953, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4931-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4931-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of anthropogenic activities on cloud formation introduces the highest uncertainties with respect to climate change. Data on Arctic aerosols and their corresponding cloud-forming properties are very scarce and most important as the Arctic is warming about 2 times as fast as the rest of the globe. Our studies investigate aerosols in the remote Arctic and suggest relatively high cloud-forming potential, although differences are observed between the Arctic spring and summer.
Kevin C. H. Sze, Heike Wex, Markus Hartmann, Henrik Skov, Andreas Massling, Diego Villanueva, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4741–4761, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4741-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4741-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play an important role in cloud formation and thus in our climate. But little is known about the abundance and properties of INPs, especially in the Arctic, where the temperature increases almost 4 times as fast as that of the rest of the globe. We observe higher INP concentrations and more biological INPs in summer than in winter, likely from local sources. We also provide three equations for estimating INP concentrations in models at different times of the year.
Timothy Jiang, Mark Gordon, Paul A. Makar, Ralf M. Staebler, and Michael Wheeler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4361–4372, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4361-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4361-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of submicron aerosols (particles smaller than 1 / 1000 of a millimeter) were made in a forest downwind of oil sands mining and production facilities in northern Alberta. These measurements tell us how quickly aerosols are absorbed by the forest (known as deposition rate) and how the deposition rate depends on the size of the aerosol. The measurements show good agreement with a parameterization developed from a recent study for deposition of aerosols to a similar pine forest.
Jingye Ren, Lu Chen, Jieyao Liu, and Fang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4327–4342, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4327-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4327-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The density of black carbon (BC) is linked to its morphology and mixing state and could cause uncertainty in evaluating cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity. A method for retrieving the mixing state and density of BC in the urban atmosphere is developed. The mean retrieval density of internally mixed BC was lower, assuming void-free spherical structures. Our study suggests the importance of accounting for variable BC density in models when assessing its climate effect in urban atmosphere.
Francesca Gallo, Janek Uin, Kevin J. Sanchez, Richard H. Moore, Jian Wang, Robert Wood, Fan Mei, Connor Flynn, Stephen Springston, Eduardo B. Azevedo, Chongai Kuang, and Allison C. Aiken
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4221–4246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4221-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a summary statistic of multiday aerosol plume transport event influences on aerosol physical properties and the cloud condensation nuclei budget at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Facility in the eastern North Atlantic (ENA). An algorithm that integrates aerosol properties is developed and applied to identify multiday aerosol transport events. The influence of the aerosol plumes on aerosol populations at the ENA is successively assessed.
Ruhi S. Humphries, Melita D. Keywood, Jason P. Ward, James Harnwell, Simon P. Alexander, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Keiichiro Hara, Ian M. McRobert, Alain Protat, Joel Alroe, Luke T. Cravigan, Branka Miljevic, Zoran D. Ristovski, Robyn Schofield, Stephen R. Wilson, Connor J. Flynn, Gourihar R. Kulkarni, Gerald G. Mace, Greg M. McFarquhar, Scott D. Chambers, Alastair G. Williams, and Alan D. Griffiths
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3749–3777, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Observations of aerosols in pristine regions are rare but are vital to constraining the natural baseline from which climate simulations are calculated. Here we present recent seasonal observations of aerosols from the Southern Ocean and contrast them with measurements from Antarctica, Australia and regionally relevant voyages. Strong seasonal cycles persist, but striking differences occur at different latitudes. This study highlights the need for more long-term observations in remote regions.
Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Haobin Zhong, Jing Duan, Zixi Wang, Wei Huang, and Wei Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3595–3607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3595-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3595-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The complex interaction between O3 and PM2.5, coupled with the topology of the Fenwei Plain and the evolution of the boundary layer height, highlights the challenges in further reducing particulate pollution in winter despite years of efforts to reduce emissions. Through scenario analysis in a chemical box model constrained by observation, we show the co-benefits of reducing NOx and VOCs simultaneously in reducing ozone and SOA.
Liang Yuan and Chunsheng Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3195–3205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3195-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3195-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical compositions vary between and within particles due to the complex sources and aging processes, causing particle-to-particle heterogeneity in aerosol hygroscopicity, which is of great importance to aerosol climatic and environmental effects. This study proposes an algorithm to quantify the heterogeneity from in situ measurements, sheds light on the reanalysis of the existing H-TDMA datasets, and could have a large impact on how we use and think about these datasets.
Erik Ahlberg, Stina Ausmeel, Lovisa Nilsson, Mårten Spanne, Julija Pauraite, Jacob Klenø Nøjgaard, Michele Bertò, Henrik Skov, Pontus Roldin, Adam Kristensson, Erik Swietlicki, and Axel Eriksson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3051–3064, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3051-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3051-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the properties and origin of black carbon particles in southern Sweden during late summer, we performed measurements both at a rural site and the nearby city of Malmö. We found that local traffic emissions of black carbon led to concentrations around twice as high as those at the rural site. Modeling show that these emissions are not clearly distinguishable at the rural site, unless meteorology was favourable, which shows the importance of long-range transport and processing.
Haichao Wang, Yongbo Tan, Zheng Shi, Ning Yang, and Tianxue Zheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2843–2857, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2843-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2843-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effects of aerosols on lightning are complex and still far from understood. We analysed the impacts of aerosols on lightning activity in the Sichuan Basin. Results show that lightning flashes first increase with aerosol loading during all periods and then behave differently (decrease in the afternoon and flatten at night). This suggests that the changes in solar radiation can modulate the aerosol effects on the occurrence and development of convection and lightning activity.
Nathaniel W. May, Noah Bernays, Ryan Farley, Qi Zhang, and Daniel A. Jaffe
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2747–2764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2747-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2747-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In summer 2019 at Mt. Bachelor Observatory, we observed smoke from wildfires with transport times ranging from less than a day up to 2 weeks. Aerosol absorption of multi-day transported smoke was dominated by black carbon, while smoke with shorter transport times had greater brown carbon absorption. Notably, Siberian smoke exhibited aerosol scattering and physical properties indicative of contributions from larger particles than typically observed in smoke.
Adelaide Dinoi, Daniel Gulli, Kay Weinhold, Ivano Ammoscato, Claudia R. Calidonna, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Daniele Contini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2167–2181, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2167-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2167-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, particle number size distribution analysis was performed with the purpose of characterizing new particle formation (NPF) events occurring in two areas of southern Italy over 5 years of measurements. The identification of NPF events produced different results in terms of frequency and seasonality. Some of the main variables involved in the process, the local atmospheric conditions in which the events occurred, and the role of the air masses were discussed and compared.
Zhibo Xie, Jiaoshi Zhang, Huaqiao Gui, Yang Liu, Bo Yang, Haosheng Dai, Hang Xiao, Douguo Zhang, Da-Ren Chen, and Jianguo Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2079–2088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2079-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2079-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The hygroscopic growth of single nanoparticles is important for hygroscopic characteristic analysis of atmospheric particles and for scientific studies involving atmospheric particles. Based on the hygroscopicity difference of subgroups of atmospheric nanoparticles, the classification and proportion analysis of atmospheric nanoparticles has been completed, which has potential significance in predicting the contribution of the atmospheric particulate hygroscopicity and particle growth mechanism.
Matthew Boyer, Diego Aliaga, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Hélène Angot, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Lubna Dada, Benjamin Heutte, Manuel Dall'Osto, David C. S. Beddows, Zoé Brasseur, Ivo Beck, Silvia Bucci, Marina Duetsch, Andreas Stohl, Tiia Laurila, Eija Asmi, Andreas Massling, Daniel Charles Thomas, Jakob Klenø Nøjgaard, Tak Chan, Sangeeta Sharma, Peter Tunved, Radovan Krejci, Hans Christen Hansson, Federico Bianchi, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Markku Kulmala, Tuukka Petäjä, Mikko Sipilä, Julia Schmale, and Tuija Jokinen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 389–415, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-389-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-389-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is a unique environment that is warming faster than other locations on Earth. We evaluate measurements of aerosol particles, which can influence climate, over the central Arctic Ocean for a full year and compare the data to land-based measurement stations across the Arctic. Our measurements show that the central Arctic has similarities to but also distinct differences from the stations further south. We note that this may change as the Arctic warms and sea ice continues to decline.
Christina Spitieri, Maria Gini, Martin Gysel-Beer, and Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 235–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-235-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-235-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The paper provides insights into the hygroscopic properties and state of mixing of atmospheric aerosol through 1 year of measurements of key microphysical parameters in the suburbs of the most densely populated city of Greece, Athens, in the eastern Mediterranean, which is considered an important climate change hotspot. The results can be used for the prediction of cloud condensation nuclei and quantification of the influence of ambient relative humidity on light scattering by aerosol particles.
Suzanne Crumeyrolle, Jenni S. S. Kontkanen, Clémence Rose, Alejandra Velazquez Garcia, Eric Bourrianne, Maxime Catalfamo, Véronique Riffault, Emmanuel Tison, Joel Ferreira de Brito, Nicolas Visez, Nicolas Ferlay, Frédérique Auriol, and Isabelle Chiapello
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 183–201, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-183-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-183-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) are particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 100 nm or less and negligible mass concentration but are the dominant contributor to the total particle number concentration. The present study aims to better understand the environmental factors favoring or inhibiting atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) over Lille, a large city in the north of France, and to analyze the impact of such an event on urban air quality using a long-term dataset (3 years).
Spiro D. Jorga, Kalliopi Florou, David Patoulias, and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 85–97, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-85-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-85-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We take advantage of this unexpected low, new particle formation frequency in Greece and use a dual atmospheric simulation chamber system with starting point ambient air in an effort to gain insight about the chemical species that is limiting nucleation in this area. A potential nucleation precursor, ammonia, was added in one of the chambers while the other one was used as a reference. The addition of ammonia assisted new particle formation in almost 50 % of the experiments conducted.
Xinyao Hu, Junying Sun, Can Xia, Xiaojing Shen, Yangmei Zhang, Quan Liu, Zhaodong Liu, Sinan Zhang, Jialing Wang, Aoyuan Yu, Jiayuan Lu, Shuo Liu, and Xiaoye Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-751, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-751, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
The simultaneous measurements at dry conditions of aerosol optical properties were conducted at three wavelengths for PM1 and PM10 in urban Beijing from 2018 to 2021. Considerable reductions in aerosol absorption coefficient and increased SSA demonstrated that absorbing aerosols were more effectively controlled than scattering aerosols due to pollution control measure-taking. The aerosol radiative effect and the transport and its impact on aerosol optical properties were analyzed.
Allison B. Marquardt Collow, Virginie Buchard, Peter R. Colarco, Arlindo M. da Silva, Ravi Govindaraju, Edward P. Nowottnick, Sharon Burton, Richard Ferrare, Chris Hostetler, and Luke Ziemba
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 16091–16109, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-16091-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-16091-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Biomass burning aerosol impacts aspects of the atmosphere and Earth system through radiative forcing, serving as cloud condensation nuclei, and air quality. Despite its importance, the representation of biomass burning aerosol is not always accurate in models. Field campaign observations from CAMP2Ex are used to evaluate the mass and extinction of aerosols in the GEOS model. Notable biases in the model illuminate areas of future development with GEOS and the underlying GOCART aerosol module.
Noah S. Hirshorn, Lauren M. Zuromski, Christopher Rapp, Ian McCubbin, Gerardo Carrillo-Cardenas, Fangqun Yu, and A. Gannet Hallar
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15909–15924, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15909-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15909-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation (NPF) is a source of atmospheric aerosol number concentration that can impact climate by growing to larger sizes and under proper conditions form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Using novel methods, we find that at Storm Peak Laboratory, a remote, mountaintop site in Colorado, NPF is observed to enhance CCN concentrations in the spring by a factor of 1.54 and in the winter by a factor of 1.36 which can occur on a regional scale having important climate implications.
Yuan Wang, Silvia Henning, Laurent Poulain, Chunsong Lu, Frank Stratmann, Yuying Wang, Shengjie Niu, Mira L. Pöhlker, Hartmut Herrmann, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15943–15962, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15943-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15943-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particle activation affects cloud, precipitation, radiation, and thus the global climate. Its long-term measurements are important but still scarce. In this study, more than 4 years of measurements at a central European station were analyzed. The overall characteristics and seasonal changes of aerosol particle activation are summarized. The power-law fit between particle hygroscopicity factor and diameter was recommended for predicting cloud
condensation nuclei number concentration.
Juan Hong, Min Tang, Qiaoqiao Wang, Nan Ma, Shaowen Zhu, Shaobin Zhang, Xihao Pan, Linhong Xie, Guo Li, Uwe Kuhn, Chao Yan, Jiangchuan Tao, Ye Kuang, Yao He, Wanyun Xu, Runlong Cai, Yaqing Zhou, Zhibin Wang, Guangsheng Zhou, Bin Yuan, Yafang Cheng, and Hang Su
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-784, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-784, 2022
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of new particle formation events was conducted at a rural site in the North China Plain (NCP) of China during the wintertime of 2018 by covering the particle number size distribution down to sub-3 nm. Potential mechanisms for NPF under current environment was explored, followed by further discussion on the factors governing the occurring of NPF at this rural site compared with other regions (e.g. urban areas) in NCP.
Juha Sulo, Janne Lampilahti, Xuemeng Chen, Jenni Kontkanen, Tuomo Nieminen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, and Katrianne Lehtipalo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15223–15242, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15223-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15223-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We measured atmospheric ion concentrations continuously in a boreal forest between 2005 and 2021 and observed an increasing interannual trend. The increase in cluster ion concentrations can be largely explained by an overall decreasing level of anthropogenic aerosols in the boreal forest. This suggests that the role of ions in atmospheric new particle formation may be more important in the future.
Rui Zhang, Yuying Wang, Zhanqing Li, Zhibin Wang, Russell R. Dickerson, Xinrong Ren, Hao He, Fei Wang, Ying Gao, Xi Chen, Jialu Xu, Yafang Cheng, and Hang Su
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14879–14891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14879-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14879-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Factors of cloud condensation nuclei number concentration (NCCN) profiles determined in the North China Plain include air mass sources, temperature structure, anthropogenic emissions, and terrain distribution. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra suggest that the ability of aerosol activation into CCN is stronger in southeasterly than in northwesterly air masses and stronger in the free atmosphere than near the surface. A good method to parameterize NCCN from aerosol optical data is found.
Nikou Hamzehpour, Claudia Marcolli, Sara Pashai, Kristian Klumpp, and Thomas Peter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14905–14930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14905-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14905-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Playa surfaces in Iran that emerged through Lake Urmia (LU) desiccation have become a relevant dust source of regional relevance. Here, we identify highly erodible LU playa surfaces and determine their physicochemical properties and mineralogical composition and perform emulsion-freezing experiments with them. We find high ice nucleation activities (up to 250 K) that correlate positively with organic matter and clay content and negatively with pH, salinity, K-feldspars, and quartz.
Payton Beeler and Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14825–14836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14825-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14825-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding and parameterizing the influences of black carbon (BC) particle morphology and compositional heterogeneity on its light absorption represent a fundamental problem. We develop scaling laws using a single unifying parameter that effectively encompasses large-scale diversity observed in BC light absorption on a per-particle basis. The laws help reconcile the disparities between field observations and model predictions. Our framework is packaged in an open-source Python application.
Runlong Cai, Chenjuan Deng, Dominik Stolzenburg, Chenxi Li, Junchen Guo, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala, and Juha Kangasluoma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14571–14587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14571-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14571-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The survival probability of new particles is the key parameter governing their influences on the atmosphere and climate, yet the knowledge of particle survival in the atmosphere is rather limited. We propose methods to compute the size-resolved particle survival probability and validate them using simulations and measurements from diverse environments. Using these methods, we could explain particle survival from the cluster size to the cloud condensation nuclei size.
Guangyu Li, Jörg Wieder, Julie T. Pasquier, Jan Henneberger, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14441–14454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14441-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14441-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is atmospherically relevant for primary ice formation in clouds. In this work, from 12 weeks of field measurement data in the Arctic, we developed a new parameterization to predict INP concentrations applicable for pristine background conditions based only on temperature. The INP parameterization could improve the cloud microphysical representation in climate models, aiding in Arctic climate predictions.
Yuying Wang, Rong Hu, Qiuyan Wang, Zhanqing Li, Maureen Cribb, Yele Sun, Xiaorui Song, Yi Shang, Yixuan Wu, Xin Huang, and Yuxiang Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14133–14146, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14133-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14133-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The mixing state of size-resolved soot particles and their influencing factors were investigated. The results suggest anthropogenic emissions and aging processes have diverse impacts on the mixing state of soot particles in different modes. Considering that the mixing state of soot particles is crucial to model aerosol absorption, this finding is important to study particle growth and the warming effect of black carbon aerosols.
Xiaoying Niu, Wei Pu, Pingqing Fu, Yang Chen, Yuxuan Xing, Dongyou Wu, Ziqi Chen, Tenglong Shi, Yue Zhou, Hui Wen, and Xin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14075–14094, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14075-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14075-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we do the first investigation of WSOC in seasonal snow of northeastern China. The results revealed the regional-specific compositions and sources of WSOC due to different natural environments and anthropogenic activities. The abundant concentrations of WSOC and its absorption properties contributed to a crucial impact on the snow albedo and radiative effect. We established that our study could raise awareness of carbon cycling processes, hydrological processes, and climate change.
Chenjuan Deng, Yiran Li, Chao Yan, Jin Wu, Runlong Cai, Dongbin Wang, Yongchun Liu, Juha Kangasluoma, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13569–13580, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13569-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13569-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The size distributions of urban atmospheric particles convey important information on their origins and impacts. This study investigates the characteristics of typical particle size distributions and key gaseous precursors in the long term in urban Beijing. A fitting function is proposed to represent and help interpret size distribution including particles and gaseous precursors. In addition to NPF (new particle formation) as the major source, vehicles can emit sub-3 nm particles as well
Qian Liu, Guixing Chen, Lifang Sheng, and Toshiki Iwasaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13371–13388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13371-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13371-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Air pollution can be cleaned up quickly by a cold air outbreak (CAO) but reappears after a CAO. By quantifying the CAO properties, we find the coldness and depth of the cold air mass are key factors affecting the rapid (slow) reappearance of air pollution through modulating the atmospheric boundary layer height and stability. We also find that the spatial pattern of CAO in high-latitude Eurasia a few days ahead can be recognized as a precursor for the reappearance of air pollution.
Loïc Gonzalez Carracedo, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Lauri R. Ahonen, Nina Sarnela, Sebastian Holm, Juha Kangasluoma, Markku Kulmala, Paul M. Winkler, and Dominik Stolzenburg
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13153–13166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13153-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Fast nanoparticle growth is essential for the survival of new aerosol particles in the atmosphere and hence their contribution to the climate. We show that using naturally charged ions for growth calculations can cause a significant error. During the diurnal cycle, the importance of ion-induced and neutral nucleation varies, causing the ion population to have a slower measurable apparent growth. Results suggest that data from ion spectrometers need to be considered with great care below 3 nm.
Eva-Lou Edwards, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peng Xian, Sharon P. Burton, Anthony L. Cook, Ewan C. Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, Sean W. Freeman, John W. Hair, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Claire E. Robinson, Amy Jo Scarino, Michael A. Shook, G. Alexander Sokolowsky, Susan C. van den Heever, Edward L. Winstead, Sarah Woods, Luke D. Ziemba, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12961–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12961-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12961-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study compares NAAPS-RA model simulations of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and extinction to those retrieved with a high spectral resolution lidar near the Philippines. Agreement for AOT was good, and extinction agreement was strongest below 1500 m. Substituting dropsonde relative humidities into NAAPS-RA did not drastically improve agreement, and we discuss potential reasons why. Accurately modeling future conditions in this region is crucial due to its susceptibility to climate change.
Ville Leinonen, Harri Kokkola, Taina Yli-Juuti, Tero Mielonen, Thomas Kühn, Tuomo Nieminen, Simo Heikkinen, Tuuli Miinalainen, Tommi Bergman, Ken Carslaw, Stefano Decesari, Markus Fiebig, Tareq Hussein, Niku Kivekäs, Radovan Krejci, Markku Kulmala, Ari Leskinen, Andreas Massling, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Jane P. Mulcahy, Steffen M. Noe, Twan van Noije, Fiona M. O'Connor, Colin O'Dowd, Dirk Olivie, Jakob B. Pernov, Tuukka Petäjä, Øyvind Seland, Michael Schulz, Catherine E. Scott, Henrik Skov, Erik Swietlicki, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, Annele Virtanen, and Santtu Mikkonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12873–12905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12873-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12873-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the first extensive comparison of detailed aerosol size distribution trends between in situ observations from Europe and five different earth system models. We investigated aerosol modes (nucleation, Aitken, and accumulation) separately and were able to show the differences between measured and modeled trends and especially their seasonal patterns. The differences in model results are likely due to complex effects of several processes instead of certain specific model features.
Nicole A. June, Anna L. Hodshire, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Claire E. Robinson, K. Lee Thornhill, Kevin J. Sanchez, Richard H. Moore, Demetrios Pagonis, Hongyu Guo, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, Matthew M. Coggon, Jonathan M. Dean-Day, T. Paul Bui, Jeff Peischl, Robert J. Yokelson, Matthew J. Alvarado, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Shantanu H. Jathar, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12803–12825, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12803-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12803-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The evolution of organic aerosol composition and size is uncertain due to variability within and between smoke plumes. We examine the impact of plume concentration on smoke evolution from smoke plumes sampled by the NASA DC-8 during FIREX-AQ. We find that observed organic aerosol and size distribution changes are correlated to plume aerosol mass concentrations. Additionally, coagulation explains the majority of the observed growth.
Ruiqi Man, Zhijun Wu, Taomou Zong, Aristeidis Voliotis, Yanting Qiu, Johannes Größ, Dominik van Pinxteren, Limin Zeng, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Min Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12387–12399, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12387-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12387-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Regional and total deposition doses for different age groups were quantified based on explicit hygroscopicity measurements. We found that particle hygroscopic growth led to a reduction (~24 %) in the total dose. The deposition rate of hygroscopic particles was higher in the daytime, while hydrophobic particles exhibited a higher rate at night and during rush hours. The results will deepen the understanding of the impact of hygroscopicity and the mixing state on deposition patterns in the lungs.
Biao Luo, Ye Kuang, Shan Huang, Qicong Song, Weiwei Hu, Wei Li, Yuwen Peng, Duohong Chen, Dingli Yue, Bin Yuan, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12401–12415, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12401-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12401-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We performed comprehensive analysis on biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) size distributions, as well as mass scattering and absorption efficiencies, with an improved method of on-line quantification of brown carbon absorptions. Both BBOA volume size distribution and retrieved refractive index depend highly on combustion conditions represented by the black carbon content, which has significant implications for BBOA climate effect simulations.
Outi Meinander, Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserova, Pavel Amosov, Elena Aseyeva, Cliff Atkins, Alexander Baklanov, Clarissa Baldo, Sarah L. Barr, Barbara Barzycka, Liane G. Benning, Bojan Cvetkovic, Polina Enchilik, Denis Frolov, Santiago Gassó, Konrad Kandler, Nikolay Kasimov, Jan Kavan, James King, Tatyana Koroleva, Viktoria Krupskaya, Markku Kulmala, Monika Kusiak, Hanna K. Lappalainen, Michał Laska, Jerome Lasne, Marek Lewandowski, Bartłomiej Luks, James B. McQuaid, Beatrice Moroni, Benjamin Murray, Ottmar Möhler, Adam Nawrot, Slobodan Nickovic, Norman T. O’Neill, Goran Pejanovic, Olga Popovicheva, Keyvan Ranjbar, Manolis Romanias, Olga Samonova, Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin, Kerstin Schepanski, Ivan Semenkov, Anna Sharapova, Elena Shevnina, Zongbo Shi, Mikhail Sofiev, Frédéric Thevenet, Throstur Thorsteinsson, Mikhail Timofeev, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, Andreas Uppstu, Darya Urupina, György Varga, Tomasz Werner, Olafur Arnalds, and Ana Vukovic Vimic
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11889–11930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11889-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11889-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
High-latitude dust (HLD) is a short-lived climate forcer, air pollutant, and nutrient source. Our results suggest a northern HLD belt at 50–58° N in Eurasia and 50–55° N in Canada and at >60° N in Eurasia and >58° N in Canada. Our addition to the previously identified global dust belt (GDB) provides crucially needed information on the extent of active HLD sources with both direct and indirect impacts on climate and environment in remote regions, which are often poorly understood and predicted.
Madeleine Petersson Sjögren, Malin Alsved, Tina Šantl-Temkiv, Thomas Bjerring Kristensen, and Jakob Löndahl
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-560, 2022
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Biological aerosol particles (bioaerosols) affect human health by spreading diseases and may be important agents for atmospheric processes, but their abundance and size distributions are largely unknown. We measured bioaerosols for 18 months in the south of Sweden to investigate bioaerosol temporal variations and their couplings to meteorology. Our results showed that the bioaerosols emissions were coupled to meteorological parameters and depended strongly on season.
Samuel E. LeBlanc, Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer, Jens Redemann, Connor Flynn, Roy R. Johnson, Stephen E. Dunagan, Robert Dahlgren, Jhoon Kim, Myungje Choi, Arlindo da Silva, Patricia Castellanos, Qian Tan, Luke Ziemba, Kenneth Lee Thornhill, and Meloë Kacenelenbogen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11275–11304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11275-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11275-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Airborne observations of atmospheric particles and pollution over Korea during a field campaign in May–June 2016 showed that the smallest atmospheric particles are present in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere. The aerosol size is more spatially variable than optical thickness. We show this with remote sensing (4STAR), in situ (LARGE) observations, satellite measurements (GOCI), and modeled properties (MERRA-2), and it is contrary to the current understanding.
Jerome D. Fast, David M. Bell, Gourihar Kulkarni, Jiumeng Liu, Fan Mei, Georges Saliba, John E. Shilling, Kaitlyn Suski, Jason Tomlinson, Jian Wang, Rahul Zaveri, and Alla Zelenyuk
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11217–11238, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11217-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11217-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Recent aircraft measurements from the HI-SCALE campaign conducted over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in Oklahoma are used to quantify spatial variability of aerosol properties in terms of grid spacings typically used by weather and climate models. Surprisingly large horizontal gradients in aerosol properties were frequently observed in this rural area. This spatial variability can be used as an uncertainty range when comparing surface point measurements with model predictions.
Benjamin Foreback, Lubna Dada, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Chao Yan, Lili Wang, Biwu Chu, Ying Zhou, Tom V. Kokkonen, Mona Kurppa, Rosaria E. Pileci, Yonghong Wang, Tommy Chan, Juha Kangasluoma, Lin Zhuohui, Yishou Guo, Chang Li, Rima Baalbaki, Joni Kujansuu, Xiaolong Fan, Zemin Feng, Pekka Rantala, Shahzad Gani, Federico Bianchi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, Yongchun Liu, and Pauli Paasonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11089–11104, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11089-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11089-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed air quality in Beijing during the Chinese New Year over 7 years, including data from a new in-depth measurement station. This is one of few studies to look at long-term impacts, including the outcome of firework restrictions starting in 2018. Results show that firework pollution has gone down since 2016, indicating a positive result from the restrictions. Results of this study may be useful in making future decisions about the use of fireworks to improve air quality.
Gang Zhao, Tianyi Tan, Shuya Hu, Zhuofei Du, Dongjie Shang, Zhijun Wu, Song Guo, Jing Zheng, Wenfei Zhu, Mengren Li, Limin Zeng, and Min Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10861–10873, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10861-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10861-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon is the second strongest absorbing component in the atmosphere that exerts warming effects on climate. One critical challenge in quantifying the ambient black carbon's radiative effects is addressing the BC microphysical properties. In this study, the microphysical properties of the aged and fresh BC particles are synthetically analyzed under different atmospheres. The measurement results can be further used in models to help constrain the uncertainties of the BC radiative effects.
Natalia E. Chubarova, Heike Vogel, Elizaveta E. Androsova, Alexander A. Kirsanov, Olga B. Popovicheva, Bernhard Vogel, and Gdaliy S. Rivin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10443–10466, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10443-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10443-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Effects of urban aerosol pollution in Moscow were analyzed using the COSMO-ART chemical transport model and intensive measurement campaigns. We show that urban aerosol comprises about 15–20% of columnar aerosol content, consisting mainly of fine aerosol mode. The black carbon (BC) fraction is about 5 %, depending on particle dispersion intensity (IPD). The BC fraction low value explains weak absorbing properties of the Moscow atmosphere. IPD also defines the daily cycle of urban aerosol species.
Janine Lückerath, Andreas Held, Holger Siebert, Michel Michalkow, and Birgit Wehner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10007–10021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10007-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10007-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Three different methods were applied to estimate the vertical aerosol particle flux in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and between the MBL and free troposphere. For the first time, aerosol fluxes derived from these three methods were estimated and compared using airborne aerosol measurements using data from the ACORES field campaign in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean in July 2017. The amount of fluxes was small and directed up and down for different cases, but the methods were applicable.
Christian Tatzelt, Silvia Henning, André Welti, Andrea Baccarini, Markus Hartmann, Martin Gysel-Beer, Manuela van Pinxteren, Robin L. Modini, Julia Schmale, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9721–9745, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9721-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9721-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the abundance and origin of cloud-relevant aerosol particles in the preindustral-like conditions of the Southern Ocean (SO) during austral summer. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particles (INP) were measured during a circum-Antarctic scientific cruise with in situ instrumentation and offline filter measurements, respectively. Transport processes were found to play an equally important role as local sources for both the CCN and INP population of the SO.
Alexander D. Harrison, Daniel O'Sullivan, Michael P. Adams, Grace C. E. Porter, Edmund Blades, Cherise Brathwaite, Rebecca Chewitt-Lucas, Cassandra Gaston, Rachel Hawker, Ovid O. Krüger, Leslie Neve, Mira L. Pöhlker, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin, Andrea Sealy, Peter Sealy, Mark D. Tarn, Shanice Whitehall, James B. McQuaid, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Joseph M. Prospero, and Benjamin J. Murray
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9663–9680, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9663-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of ice in clouds fundamentally alters cloud properties; hence it is important we understand the special aerosol particles that can nucleate ice when immersed in supercooled cloud droplets. In this paper we show that African desert dust that has travelled across the Atlantic to the Caribbean nucleates ice much less well than we might have expected.
Martin de Graaf, Karolina Sarna, Jessica Brown, Elma Tenner, Manon Schenkels, and Dave Donovan
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-473, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-473, 2022
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Simultaneous measurements were performed of cloud droplet sizes and smoke particles in and near clouds over the Ascension Island, a remote island in the Atlantic Ocean to test the hypothesis that more smoke particles will result in more but smaller cloud droplets. This was done during the dry season in Africa when vegetation fires produce smoke plumes drifting over the ocean, affecting the cloud droplet sizes over the ocean and the island.
Caroline Dang, Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer, Haochi Che, Lu Zhang, Paola Formenti, Jonathan Taylor, Amie Dobracki, Sara Purdue, Pui-Shan Wong, Athanasios Nenes, Arthur Sedlacek III, Hugh Coe, Jens Redemann, Paquita Zuidema, Steven Howell, and James Haywood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9389–9412, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9389-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9389-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Transmission electron microscopy was used to analyze aged African smoke particles and how the smoke interacts with the marine atmosphere. We found that the volatility of organic aerosol increases with biomass burning plume age, that black carbon is often mixed with potassium salts and that the marine atmosphere can incorporate Na and Cl into smoke particles. Marine salts are more processed when mixed with smoke plumes, and there are interesting Cl-rich yet Na-absent marine particles.
Cited articles
Almeida, J., Schobesberger, S., Kurten, A., Ortega, I. K., Kupiainen-Maatta,
O., Praplan, A. P., Adamov, A., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M.,
David, A., Dommen, J., Donahue, N. M., Downard, A., Dunne, E., Duplissy, J.,
Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R. C., Franchin, A., Guida, R., Hakala, J., Hansel, A.,
Heinritzi, M., Henschel, H., Jokinen, T., Junninen, H., Kajos, M.,
Kangasluoma, J., Keskinen, H., Kupc, A., Kurten, T., Kvashin, A. N.,
Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M., Leppa, J., Loukonen, V.,
Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., McGrath, M. J., Nieminen, T., Olenius, T.,
Onnela, A., Petaja, T., Riccobono, F., Riipinen, I., Rissanen, M., Rondo,
L., Ruuskanen, T., Santos, F. D., Sarnela, N., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer,
R., Seinfeld, J. H., Simon, M., Sipila, M., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F.,
Tome, A., Trostl, J., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Vaattovaara, P., Viisanen, Y.,
Virtanen, A., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Weingartner, E., Wex, H.,
Williamson, C., Wimmer, D., Ye, P., Yli-Juuti, T., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala,
M., Curtius, J., Baltensperger, U., Worsnop, D. R., Vehkamaki, H., and
Kirkby, J.: Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle
nucleation in the atmosphere, Nature, 502, 359–363,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12663, 2013.
Anttila, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Kulmala, M., Laaksonen, A., and O'Dowd, C. D.:
Modelling the formation of organic particles in the atmosphere, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 4, 1071–1083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-1071-2004, 2004.
Asmi, E., Sipilä, M., Manninen, H. E., Vanhanen, J., Lehtipalo, K.,
Gagné, S., Neitola, K., Mirme, A., Mirme, S., Tamm, E., Uin, J.,
Komsaare, K., Attoui, M., and Kulmala, M.: Results of the first air ion
spectrometer calibration and intercomparison workshop, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
141–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-141-2009, 2009.
Brus, D., Neitola, K., Hyvärinen, A.-P., Petäjä, T., Vanhanen,
J., Sipilä, M., Paasonen, P., Kulmala, M., and Lihavainen, H.: Homogenous
nucleation of sulfuric acid and water at close to atmospherically relevant
conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5277–5287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-5277-2011,
2011.
Chan, C. K. and Yao, X.: Air pollution in mega cities in China, Atmos.
Environ., 42, 1–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.003, 2008.
Donahue, N. M., Trump, E. R., Pierce, J. R., and Riipinen, I.: Theoretical
constraints on pure vapor-pressure driven condensation of organics to
ultrafine particles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16801,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl048115, 2011.
Donahue, N. M., Kroll, J. H., Pandis, S. N., and Robinson, A. L.: A
two-dimensional volatility basis set – Part 2: Diagnostics of
organic-aerosol evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 615–634,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-615-2012, 2012.
Ehn, M., Thornton, J. A., Kleist, E., Sipila, M., Junninen, H., Pullinen, I.,
Springer, M., Rubach, F., Tillmann, R., Lee, B., Lopez-Hilfiker, F., Andres,
S., Acir, I.-H., Rissanen, M., Jokinen, T., Schobesberger, S., Kangasluoma,
J., Kontkanen, J., Nieminen, T., Kurten, T., Nielsen, L. B., Jorgensen, S.,
Kjaergaard, H. G., Canagaratna, M., Maso, M. D., Berndt, T., Petaja, T.,
Wahner, A., Kerminen, V. M., Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R., Wildt, J., and
Mentel, T. F.: A large source of low-volatility secondary organic aerosol,
Nature, 506, 476–479, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13032, 2014.
Herrmann, E., Ding, A. J., Kerminen, V.-M., Petäjä, T., Yang, X. Q.,
Sun, J. N., Qi, X. M., Manninen, H., Hakala, J., Nieminen, T., Aalto, P. P.,
Kulmala, M., and Fu, C. B.: Aerosols and nucleation in eastern China: first
insights from the new SORPES-NJU station, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2169–2183,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2169-2014, 2014.
Hirsikko, A., Laakso, L., Horrak, U., Aalto, P. P., Kerminen, V. M., and
Kulmala, M.: Annual and size dependent variation of growth rates and ion
concentrations in boreal forest, Boreal Environ. Res., 10, 357–469, 2005.
Jiang, J., Chen, M., Kuang, C., Attoui, M., and McMurry, P. H.: Electrical
Mobility Spectrometer Using a Diethylene Glycol Condensation Particle Counter
for Measurement of Aerosol Size Distributions Down to 1 nm, Aerosol Sci.
Tech., 45, 510–521, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547538, 2011a.
Jiang, J., Zhao, J., Chen, M., Eisele, F. L., Scheckman, J., Williams, B. J.,
Kuang, C., and McMurry, P. H.: First Measurements of Neutral Atmospheric
Cluster and 1–2 nm Particle Number Size Distributions During Nucleation
Events, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, II–V, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.546817,
2011b.
Jokinen, T., Sipilä, M., Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Lönn, G., Hakala, J.,
Petäjä, T., Mauldin III, R. L., Kulmala, M., and Worsnop, D. R.:
Atmospheric sulphuric acid and neutral cluster measurements using CI-APi-TOF,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4117–4125, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4117-2012, 2012.
Junninen, H., Hulkkonen, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., Hirsikko, A., Suni,
T., Boy, M., Lee, S.-H., Vana, M., Tammet, T., Kerminen, V. M., and Kulmala,
M.: Observations on nocturnal growth of atmospheric clusters, Tellus B, 60,
365–371, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00356.x, 2008.
Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Petäjä, T., Luosujärvi, L., Kotiaho, T.,
Kostiainen, R., Rohner, U., Gonin, M., Fuhrer, K., Kulmala, M., and Worsnop,
D. R.: A high-resolution mass spectrometer to measure atmospheric ion
composition, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1039–1053, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-1039-2010,
2010.
Kangasluoma, J., Kuang, C., Wimmer, D., Rissanen, M. P., Lehtipalo, K., Ehn,
M., Worsnop, D. R., Wang, J., Kulmala, M., and Petäjä, T.: Sub-3 nm
particle size and composition dependent response of a nano-CPC battery,
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 689–700, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-689-2014, 2014.
Kirkby, J., Curtius, J., Almeida, J., Dunne, E., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S.,
Franchin, A., Gagne, S., Ickes, L., Kurten, A., Kupc, A., Metzger, A.,
Riccobono, F., Rondo, L., Schobesberger, S., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Wimmer, D.,
Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., David, A., Dommen, J., Downard,
A., Ehn, M., Flagan, R. C., Haider, S., Hansel, A., Hauser, D., Jud, W.,
Junninen, H., Kreissl, F., Kvashin, A., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Lima,
J., Lovejoy, E. R., Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., Mikkila, J., Minginette, P.,
Mogo, S., Nieminen, T., Onnela, A., Pereira, P., Petaja, T., Schnitzhofer,
R., Seinfeld, J. H., Sipila, M., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F., Tome, A.,
Vanhanen, J., Viisanen, Y., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Walther, H.,
Weingartner, E., Wex, H., Winkler, P. M., Carslaw, K. S., Worsnop, D. R.,
Baltensperger, U., and Kulmala, M.: Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and
galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation, Nature, 476,
429–433, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10343, 2011.
Kuang, C., Chen, M., Zhao, J., Smith, J., McMurry, P. H., and Wang, J.: Size
and time-resolved growth rate measurements of 1 to 5 nm freshly formed
atmospheric nuclei, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 3573–3589,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3573-2012, 2012.
Kulmala, M., Pirjola, L., and Makela, J. M.: Stable sulfate clusters as a
source of new atmospheric particles, Nature, 404, 60–66,
https://doi.org/10.1038/35003550, 2000.
Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Riipinen, I., Dal Maso, M.,
Lauria, A., Kerminen, V. M., Birmili, W., and McMurry, P. H.: Formation and
growth rates of ultrafine atmosphere particles: A review of observations, J.
Aerosol. Sci., 35, 143–176, 2004a.
Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V. M., Anntila, T., Laaksonen, A., and O'Dowd, C. D.:
Organic aerosol formation via sulfate cluster activation, J. Geophys. Res.,
109, D04205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003961, 2004b.
Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Riipinen, I., Dal Maso, M.,
Anttila, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Hõrrak, U., Vana, M., and Tammet, H.:
Initial steps of aerosol growth, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2553–2560,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2553-2004, 2004c.
Kulmala, M., Petäjä, T., Nieminen, T., Sipilä, M., Manninen, H.
E., Lehtipalo, K., Dal Maso, M., Aalto, P. P., Junninen, H., Paasonen, P.,
Riipinen, I., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Laaksonen, A., and Kerminen, V. M.:
Measurement of the nucleation of atmospheric aerosol particles, Nat. Protoc.,
7, 1651–1667, https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2012.091, 2012.
Kulmala, M., Kontkanen, J., Junninen, H., Lehtipalo, K., Manninen, H. E.,
Nieminen, T., Petäjä, T., Sipilä, M., Schobesberger, S., Rantala,
P., Franchin, A., Jokinen, T., Järvinen, E., Äijälä, M.,
Kangasluoma, J., Hakala, J., Aalto, P. P., Paasonen, P., Mikkilä, J.,
Vanhanen, J., Aalto, J., Hakola, H., Makkonen, U., Ruuskanen, T., Mauldin, R.
L., Duplissy, J., Vehkamäki, H., Bäck, J., Kortelainen, A., Riipinen,
I., Kurtén, T., Johnston, M. V., Smith, J. N., Ehn, M., Mentel, T. F.,
Lehtinen, K. E. J., Laaksonen, A., Kerminen, V. M., and Worsnop, D. R.:
Direct Observations of Atmospheric Aerosol Nucleation, Science, 339,
943–946, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1227385, 2013.
Kulmala, M., Petäjä, T., Ehn, M., Thornton, J., Sipilä, M.,
Worsnop, D. R., and Kerminen, V. M.: Chemistry of Atmospheric Nucleation: On
the Recent Advances on Precursor Characterization and Atmospheric Cluster
Composition in Connection with Atmospheric New Particle Formation, Annu. Rev.
Phys. Chem., 65, 21–37, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-040412-110014, 2014.
Kürten, A., Jokinen, T., Simon, M., Sipilä, M., Sarnela, N.,
Junninen, H., Adamov, A., Almeida, J., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F.,
Breitenlechner, M., Dommen, J., Donahue, N. M., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S.,
Flagan, R. C., Franchin, A., Hakala, J., Hansel, A., Heinritzi, M., Hutterli,
M., Kangasluoma, J., Kirkby, J., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M.,
Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Praplan, A. P.,
Riccobono, F., Rissanen, M. P., Rondo, L., Schobesberger, S., Seinfeld, J.
H., Steiner, G., Tomé, A., Tröstl, J., Winkler, P. M., Williamson,
C., Wimmer, D., Ye, P., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M.,
Worsnop, D. R., and Curtius, J.: Neutral molecular cluster formation of
sulfuric acid–dimethylamine observed in real time under atmospheric
conditions, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 15019–15024,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404853111, 2014.
Lee, S. H., Young, L. H., Benson, D. R., Kulmala, M., Junninen, H., Suni, T.,
Campos, T., Rogers, D. C., and Jensen, J.: Observations of nighttime new
particle formation in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10210,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009351, 2008.
Lehtipalo, K., Sipilä, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., and Kulmala, M.:
Analysis of atmospheric neutral and charged molecular clusters in boreal
forest using pulse-height CPC, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4177–4184,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4177-2009, 2009.
Lehtipalo, K., Kulmala, M., Sipilä, M., Petäjä, T., Vana, M.,
Ceburnis, D., Dupuy, R., and O'Dowd, C.: Nanoparticles in boreal forest and
coastal environment: a comparison of observations and implications of the
nucleation mechanism, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7009–7016,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7009-2010, 2010.
Lehtipalo, K., Sipila, M., Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Berndt, T., Kajos, M. K.,
Worsnop, D. R., Petaja, T., and Kulmala, M.: Observations of Nano-CN in the
Nocturnal Boreal Forest, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, 499–509,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547537, 2011.
Lehtipalo, K., Leppä, J., Kontkanen, J., Kangasluoma, J., Franchin,
A., Wimmer, D., Schobesberger, S., Junninen, H., Petäjä, T.,
Sipilä, M., Mikkilä, J., Vanhanen, J., Worsnop, D. R., and
Kulmala, M.: Methods for determining particle size distribution and growth
rates between 1 and 3 nm using the Particle Size Magnifier, Boreal Environ.
Res., 19, 215–236, 2014.
Matsui, H., Koike, M., Takegawa, N., Kondo, Y., Takami, A., Takamura, T.,
Yoon, S., Kim, S. W., Lim, H. C., and Fast, J. D.: Spatial and temporal
variations of new particle formation in East Asia using an NPF-explicit
WRF-chem model: North-south contrast in new particle formation frequency, J.
Geophys. Res., 118, 11647–11663, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50821, 2013.
Merikanto, J., Spracklen, D. V., Mann, G. W., Pickering, S. J., and Carslaw,
K. S.: Impact of nucleation on global CCN, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8601–8616,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8601-2009, 2009.
Mikkonen, S., Romakkaniemi, S., Smith, J. N., Korhonen, H., Petäjä,
T., Plass-Duelmer, C., Boy, M., McMurry, P. H., Lehtinen, K. E. J.,
Joutsensaari, J., Hamed, A., Mauldin III, R. L., Birmili, W., Spindler, G.,
Arnold, F., Kulmala, M., and Laaksonen, A.: A statistical proxy for sulphuric
acid concentration, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11319–11334,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11319-2011, 2011.
Nieminen, T., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Kulmala, M.: Sub-10 nm particle growth
by vapor condensation – effects of vapor molecule size and particle thermal
speed, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9773–9779, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9773-2010,
2010.
Ortega, I. K., Suni, T., Gronholm, T., Boy, M., Hakola, H., Hellen, H.,
Valmari, T., Arvela, H., Vehkamaki, H., and Kulmala, M.: Is eucalyptol the
cause of nocturnal events observed in Australia?, Boreal Environ. Res., 14,
606–615, 2009.
Ortega, I. K., Suni, T., Boy, M., Grönholm, T., Manninen, H. E.,
Nieminen, T., Ehn, M., Junninen, H., Hakola, H., Hellén, H., Valmari, T.,
Arvela, H., Zegelin, S., Hughes, D., Kitchen, M., Cleugh, H., Worsnop, D. R.,
Kulmala, M., and Kerminen, V.-M.: New insights into nocturnal nucleation,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4297–4312, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4297-2012, 2012.
Petäjä, T., Mauldin, III, R. L., Kosciuch, E., McGrath, J., Nieminen,
T., Paasonen, P., Boy, M., Adamov, A., Kotiaho, T., and Kulmala, M.: Sulfuric
acid and OH concentrations in a boreal forest site, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
7435–7448, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7435-2009, 2009.
Pierce, J. R. and Adams, P. J.: Uncertainty in global CCN concentrations from
uncertain aerosol nucleation and primary emission rates, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
9, 1339–1356, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1339-2009, 2009.
Riccobono, F., Schobesberger, S., Scott, C. E., Dommen, J., Ortega, I. K.,
Rondo, L., Almeida, J., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., David,
A., Downard, A., Dunne, E. M., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R. C.,
Franchin, A., Hansel, A., Junninen, H., Kajos, M., Keskinen, H., Kupc, A.,
Kürten, A., Kvashin, A. N., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Makhmutov, V.,
Mathot, S., Nieminen, T., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Praplan, A. P.,
Santos, F. D., Schallhart, S., Seinfeld, J. H., Sipilä, M., Spracklen, D.
V., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F., Tomé, A., Tsagkogeorgas, G.,
Vaattovaara, P., Viisanen, Y., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Weingartner, E.,
Wex, H., Wimmer, D., Carslaw, K. S., Curtius, J., Donahue, N. M., Kirkby, J.,
Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R., and Baltensperger, U.: Oxidation Products of
Biogenic Emissions Contribute to Nucleation of Atmospheric Particles,
Science, 344, 717–721, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243527, 2014.
Riipinen, I., Yli-Juuti, T., Pierce, J. R., Petaja, T., Worsnop, D. R.,
Kulmala, M., and Donahue, N. M.: The contribution of organics to atmospheric
nanoparticle growth, Nat. Geosci., 5, 453–458, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1499, 2012.
Russell, L. M., Mensah, A. A., Fischer, E. V., Sive, B. C., Varner, R. K.,
Keene, W. C., Stutz, J., and Pszenny, A. A. P.: Nanoparticle growth following
photochemical α- and β-pinene oxidation at Appledore Island
during International Consortium for Research on Transport and
Transformation/Chemistry of Halogens at the Isles of Shoals 2004, J. Geophys.
Res., 112, D10S21, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jd007736, 2007.
Schobesberger, S., Junninen, H., Bianchi, F., Lönn, G., Ehn, M.,
Lehtipalo, K., Dommen, J., Ehrhart, S., Ortega, I. K., Franchin, A.,
Nieminen, T., Riccobono, F., Hutterli, M., Duplissy, J., Almeida, J., Amorim,
A., Breitenlechner, M., Downard, A. J., Dunne, E. M., Flagan, R. C., Kajos,
M., Keskinen, H., Kirkby, J., Kupc, A., Kürten, A., Kurtén, T.,
Laaksonen, A., Mathot, S., Onnela, A., Praplan, A. P., Rondo, L., Santos, F.
D., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer, R., Sipilä, M., Tomé, A.,
Tsagkogeorgas, G., Vehkamäki, H., Wimmer, D., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw,
K. S., Curtius, J., Hansel, A., Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Donahue, N.
M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Molecular understanding of atmospheric particle
formation from sulfuric acid and large oxidized organic molecules, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 17223–17228, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1306973110, 2013.
Sipila, M., Lehtipalo, K., Attoui, M., Neitola, K., Petäjä, T.,
Aalto, P. P., O'Dowd, C. D., and Kulmala, M.: Laboratory Verification of
PH-CPC's Ability to Monitor Atmospheric Sub-3 nm Clusters, Aerosol Sci.
Tech., 43, 126–135, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802506227, 2009.
Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., Sihto, S.-L.,
Riipinen, I., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Chipperfield, M. P., Wiedensohler,
A., Birmili, W., and Lihavainen, H.: Contribution of particle formation to
global cloud condensation nuclei concentrations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35,
L06808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL033038, 2008.
Suni, T., Kulmala, M., Hirsikko, A., Bergman, T., Laakso, L., Aalto, P. P.,
Leuning, R., Cleugh, H., Zegelin, S., Hughes, D., van Gorsel, E., Kitchen,
M., Vana, M., Hõrrak, U., Mirme, S., Mirme, A., Sevanto, S., Twining, J.,
and Tadros, C.: Formation and characteristics of ions and charged aerosol
particles in a native Australian Eucalypt forest, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8,
129–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-129-2008, 2008.
Svenningsson, B., Arneth, A., Hayward, S., Holst, T., Massling, A.,
Swietlicko, E., Hirsikko, A., Junninen, H., Riipinen, I., Vana, M., Dal Maso,
M., Hussein, T., and Kulmala, M.: Aerosol particle formation events and
analysis of high growth rates observed above a subarctic wetland-forest
mosaic, Tellus, 60, 353–365, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00351.x, 2008.
Vanhanen, J., Mikkila, J., Lehtipalo, K., Sipila, M., Manninen, H. E.,
Siivola, E., Petaja, T., and Kulmala, M.: Particle Size Magnifier for Nano-CN
Detection, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, 533–542,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547889, 2011.
von der Weiden, S.-L., Drewnick, F., and Borrmann, S.: Particle Loss
Calculator – a new software tool for the assessment of the performance of
aerosol inlet systems, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 2, 479–494,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2-479-2009, 2009.
Wang, J. and Wexler, A. S.: Adsorption of organic molecules may explain
growth of newly nucleated clusters and new particle formation, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 11, 2834–2838, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50455, 2013.
Wang, J., McGraw, R. L., and Kuang, C.: Growth of atmospheric nano-particles
by heterogeneous nucleation of organic vapor, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
6523–6531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6523-2013, 2013.
Wiedensohler, A., Cheng, Y. F., Nowak, A., Wehner, B., Achtert, P., Berghof,
M., Birmili, W., Wu, Z. J., Hu, M., Zhu, T., Takegawa, N., Kita, K., Kondo,
Y., Lou, S. R., Hofzumahaus, A., Holland, F., Wahner, A., Gunthe, S. S.,
Rose, D., Su, H., and Pöschl, U.: Rapid aerosol particle growth and
increase of cloud condensation nucleus activity by secondary aerosol
formation and condensation: A case study for regional air pollution in
northeastern China, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00G08, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010884,
2009.
Xiao, S., Wang, M. Y., Yao, L., Kulmala, M., Zhou, B., Yang, X., Chen, J. M.,
Wang, D. F., Fu, Q. Y., Worsnop, D. R., and Wang, L.: Strong atmospheric new
particle formation in winter in urban Shanghai, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
15, 1769–1781, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1769-2015, 2015.
Yu, F. and Luo, G.: Simulation of particle size distribution with a global
aerosol model: contribution of nucleation to aerosol and CCN number
concentrations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7691–7710,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7691-2009, 2009.
Yu, H., Gannet Hallar, A., You, Y., Sedlacek, A., Springston, S., Kanawade,
V. P., Lee, Y. N., Wang, J., Kuang, C., McGraw, R. L., McCubbin, I., Mikkila,
J., and Lee, S. H.: Sub-3 nm particles observed at the coastal and
continental sites in the United States, J. Geophys. Res., 119, 860–879,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020841, 2014a.
Yu, H., Ortega, J., Smith, J. N., Guenther, A. B., Kanawade, V. P., You, Y.,
Liu, Y., Hosman, K., Karl, T., Seco, R., Geron, C., Pallardy, S. G., Gu, L.,
Mikkilä, J., and Lee, S. H.: New Particle Formation and Growth in an
Isoprene-Dominated Ozark Forest: From Sub-5 nm to CCN-Active Sizes, Aerosol
Sci. Tech., 48, 1285–1298, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2014.984801, 2014b.
Yue, D. L., Hu, M., Zhang, R. Y., Wu, Z. J., Su, H., Wang, Z. B., Peng, J.
F., He, L. Y., Huang, X. F., Gong, Y. G., and Wiedensohler, A.: Potential
contribution of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei in
Beijing, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6070–6077, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.037,
2011.
Zhang, K. M. and Wexler, A. S.: A hypothesis for growth of fresh atmospheric
nuclei, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4577, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002180, 2002.
Zhao, J., Eisele, F. L., Titcombe, M., Kuang, C., and McMurry, P. H.:
Chemical ionization mass spectrometric measurements of atmospheric neutral
clusters using the cluster-CIMS, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D08205,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012606, 2010.
Short summary
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric aerosols. We conducted size- and time-dependent nucleation rate and growth rate measurements of sub-3 nm particles in the urban atmosphere. We observed that growth rate could be very high between 1 and 3 nm and did not increase monotonically with particle size. This was interpreted as the solvation effect of organic vapor in inorganic nuclei. The growth rate behavior gives new insight into cluster dynamics in polluted environments.
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric aerosols. We conducted size- and...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint