Articles | Volume 16, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2641-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2641-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Mar 2016
Research article |
| 03 Mar 2016
Nucleation and growth of sub-3 nm particles in the polluted urban atmosphere of a megacity in China
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Luyu Zhou
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Liang Dai
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Wenchao Shen
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Wei Dai
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jun Zheng
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Yan Ma
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Mindong Chen
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing, China
Related authors
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Chong Xing, Qiongqiong Wang, Xinlei Ge, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15413–15423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The organic compounds involved in continental new particle formation have been investigated in depth in the last 2 decades. In contrast, no prior work has studied the exact chemical composition of organic compounds and their role in coastal new particle formation. We present a complementary study to the ongoing laboratory and field research on iodine nucleation in the coastal atmosphere. This study provided a more complete story of coastal I-NPF from low-tide macroalgal emission.
Haoran Zhang, Nan Li, Keqin Tang, Hong Liao, Chong Shi, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Song Guo, Min Hu, Xinlei Ge, Mindong Chen, Zhenxin Liu, Huan Yu, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5495–5514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm with low economic/technique costs to identify primary and secondary components of PM2.5. Our model was shown to be reliable by comparison with different observation datasets. We systematically explored the patterns and changes in the secondary PM2.5 pollution in China at large spatial and time scales. We believe that this method is a promising tool for efficiently estimating primary and secondary PM2.5, and has huge potential for future PM mitigation.
Dong Chen, Yu Zhao, Jie Zhang, Huan Yu, and Xingna Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10193–10210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the characteristics and sources of aerosol scattering for Nanjing. The method of aerosol scattering estimation was optimized based on field measurements, and the impacts of aerosol size and composition were quantified. To explore the reasons for the reduced visibility, source apportionment of aerosol scattering was conducted by pollution level. This work stressed the linkage between aerosols and visibility and improved the understanding of emissions and their role in air quality.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Bin Jiang, Binyu Kuang, Manfei Lin, Deming Xia, Yuhong Liao, Jingwen Chen, Jian Zhen Yu, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9821–9835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic iodine emission from macroalgae and microalgae could initiate atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). But it is unknown if other species are needed to drive the growth of new iodine particles in the marine boundary layer. Unlike the deeper understanding of organic compounds driving continental NPF, little is known about the organics involved in coastal or open-ocean NPF. This article reveals a new group of important organic compounds involved in this process.
Huan Yu, Lili Ren, Xiangpeng Huang, Mingjie Xie, Jun He, and Hang Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4025–4039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Iodine is an essential trace element for mammals and aquatic plants. Increasing alga populations due to serious eutrophication in the coastal waters of China promote iodine emission. China contributes about 60 % of the global cultivated seaweed production. Iodine is likely emitted to the atmosphere and transformed into nanoparticles during the farming, harvesting, and processing of seaweed. Wild and farmed algae make the coastal area of China a potential hotspot of new particle formation.
Yangzhou Wu, Xinlei Ge, Junfeng Wang, Yafei Shen, Zhaolian Ye, Shun Ge, Yun Wu, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents results regarding the secondary aerosol formations in suburan Nanjing, a site downwind of an industrial zone. We show that under such an industrialized environment, secondary species overwhelmingly dominate the fine particle mass, and moisture (relative humidity) is critical in enhancing formations of sulfate, nitrate and the most oxygenated portion of OA, while less oxygenated secondary OA was mainly driven by photochemical processing.
Jenni Kontkanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Lauri Ahonen, Juha Kangasluoma, Hanna E. Manninen, Jani Hakala, Clémence Rose, Karine Sellegri, Shan Xiao, Lin Wang, Ximeng Qi, Wei Nie, Aijun Ding, Huan Yu, Shanhu Lee, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2163–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The concentrations of ~1–3 nm particles were investigated at nine sites around the world. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were highest at the sites with strong anthropogenic influence. Electrically neutral particles dominated sub-3 nm particle concentrations in polluted environments and in boreal forest during spring and summer. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were observed to be determined by the availability of precursor vapors rather than the sink caused by preexisting aerosol particles.
Junfeng Wang, Xinlei Ge, Yanfang Chen, Yafei Shen, Qi Zhang, Yele Sun, Jianzhong Xu, Shun Ge, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9109–9127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Highly time- and chemically resolved submicron aerosol properties were characterized online for the first time during springtime in Nanjing by using the Aerodyne SP-AMS. Both chemical and size information of black carbon together with other aerosol species were simultaneously determined. An in-depth analysis of the data elucidates the sources and evolution processes of the fine aerosols in the YRD region. Our findings are valuable for air quality remediation in the densely populated regions.
Xinlei Ge, Yele Sun, Justin Trousdell, Mindong Chen, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 423–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-423-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-423-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to enhance the application of the Aerodyne high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-AMS) in characterizing organic nitrogen (ON) species within aerosol particles and droplets. A thorough analysis was conducted on 75 ON standards that represent a diverse spectrum of ambient ON types. The results underscore the capacity of the HR-AMS in examining the concentration and chemistry of atmospheric ON compounds, thereby offering insights into their sources and environmental impacts.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Chong Xing, Qiongqiong Wang, Xinlei Ge, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15413–15423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The organic compounds involved in continental new particle formation have been investigated in depth in the last 2 decades. In contrast, no prior work has studied the exact chemical composition of organic compounds and their role in coastal new particle formation. We present a complementary study to the ongoing laboratory and field research on iodine nucleation in the coastal atmosphere. This study provided a more complete story of coastal I-NPF from low-tide macroalgal emission.
Haoran Zhang, Nan Li, Keqin Tang, Hong Liao, Chong Shi, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Song Guo, Min Hu, Xinlei Ge, Mindong Chen, Zhenxin Liu, Huan Yu, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5495–5514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5495-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new algorithm with low economic/technique costs to identify primary and secondary components of PM2.5. Our model was shown to be reliable by comparison with different observation datasets. We systematically explored the patterns and changes in the secondary PM2.5 pollution in China at large spatial and time scales. We believe that this method is a promising tool for efficiently estimating primary and secondary PM2.5, and has huge potential for future PM mitigation.
Jing Cai, Cheng Wu, Jiandong Wang, Wei Du, Feixue Zheng, Simo Hakala, Xiaolong Fan, Biwu Chu, Lei Yao, Zemin Feng, Yongchun Liu, Yele Sun, Jun Zheng, Chao Yan, Federico Bianchi, Markku Kulmala, Claudia Mohr, and Kaspar R. Daellenbach
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1251–1269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the connection between organic aerosol (OA) molecular composition and particle absorptive properties in autumn in Beijing. We find that the molecular properties of OA compounds in different episodes influence particle light absorption properties differently: the light absorption enhancement of black carbon and light absorption coefficient of brown carbon were mostly related to more oxygenated OA (low C number and four O atoms) and aromatics/nitro-aromatics, respectively.
Dong Chen, Yu Zhao, Jie Zhang, Huan Yu, and Xingna Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10193–10210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10193-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the characteristics and sources of aerosol scattering for Nanjing. The method of aerosol scattering estimation was optimized based on field measurements, and the impacts of aerosol size and composition were quantified. To explore the reasons for the reduced visibility, source apportionment of aerosol scattering was conducted by pollution level. This work stressed the linkage between aerosols and visibility and improved the understanding of emissions and their role in air quality.
Yibei Wan, Xiangpeng Huang, Bin Jiang, Binyu Kuang, Manfei Lin, Deming Xia, Yuhong Liao, Jingwen Chen, Jian Zhen Yu, and Huan Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9821–9835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9821-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic iodine emission from macroalgae and microalgae could initiate atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). But it is unknown if other species are needed to drive the growth of new iodine particles in the marine boundary layer. Unlike the deeper understanding of organic compounds driving continental NPF, little is known about the organics involved in coastal or open-ocean NPF. This article reveals a new group of important organic compounds involved in this process.
Jun Zheng, Xiaowen Shi, Yan Ma, Xinrong Ren, Halim Jabbour, Yiwei Diao, Weiwei Wang, Yifeng Ge, Yuchan Zhang, and Wenhui Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5457–5475, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5457-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5457-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A high level of nitrous acid (HONO) is formed from NOx emitted by industrial activities; this HONO then promotes secondary air pollutant (e.g., aerosol and O3) formation within these plumes by contributing to free-radical production. Heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surfaces are found to be one of the major formation routes of HONO. Therefore, HONO plays a synergic role in haze formation in heavily industrialized areas.
Zhujie Li, Haobo Tan, Jun Zheng, Li Liu, Yiming Qin, Nan Wang, Fei Li, Yongjie Li, Mingfu Cai, Yan Ma, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11669–11685, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11669-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11669-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive field measurements were conducted to investigate aerosol compositions, optical properties, source origins, and radiative forcing effects in Guangzhou. Particulate brown carbon (BrC) light absorption was differentiated from that of black carbon. BrC was mostly due to primary emissions, such as straw burning, rather than secondary formation. BrC may cause ∼2.3 W m−2 radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere and contribute to ∼15.8 % of the aerosol warming effect.
Huan Yu, Lili Ren, Xiangpeng Huang, Mingjie Xie, Jun He, and Hang Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4025–4039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Iodine is an essential trace element for mammals and aquatic plants. Increasing alga populations due to serious eutrophication in the coastal waters of China promote iodine emission. China contributes about 60 % of the global cultivated seaweed production. Iodine is likely emitted to the atmosphere and transformed into nanoparticles during the farming, harvesting, and processing of seaweed. Wild and farmed algae make the coastal area of China a potential hotspot of new particle formation.
Runlong Cai, Dongsen Yang, Lauri R. Ahonen, Linlin Shi, Frans Korhonen, Yan Ma, Jiming Hao, Tuukka Petäjä, Jun Zheng, Juha Kangasluoma, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4477–4491, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4477-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4477-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We tested the performance of four inversion methods to recover sub-3 nm aerosol size distributions using the particle size magnifier (PSM). The PSM is widely used in new particle formation study; however, the inversion methods used in previous studies may report false particle concentrations. Due to the results, we suggest using the expectation–maximization algorithm to address the PSM inversion problem. We also gave practical suggestions on PSM operation based on the inversion analysis.
Xiaoxiao Li, Yan Ma, Hui Chen, Youling Jiang, Xin Ma, Rujin Yin, Dongsen Yang, Xiaowen Shi, Jiming Hao, Jingkun Jiang, and Jun Zheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2018-45, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2018-45, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The ACSM calibration method using a constant RIE with reference to inorganic salt standards may be oversimplified to reflect the SOA properties in the real atmosphere. In this work, a Q-ACSM was calibrated with SOA standards generated from both anthropogenic and biogenic VOCs in ppbv level inside a smog chamber. The sensitivity of the Q-ACSM to SOA was found to be anti-correlated with the aerosol oxidation state regardless of the VOC precursors, indicating that a variable RIE shall be applied.
Yangzhou Wu, Xinlei Ge, Junfeng Wang, Yafei Shen, Zhaolian Ye, Shun Ge, Yun Wu, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-75, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents results regarding the secondary aerosol formations in suburan Nanjing, a site downwind of an industrial zone. We show that under such an industrialized environment, secondary species overwhelmingly dominate the fine particle mass, and moisture (relative humidity) is critical in enhancing formations of sulfate, nitrate and the most oxygenated portion of OA, while less oxygenated secondary OA was mainly driven by photochemical processing.
Runlong Cai, Dongsen Yang, Yueyun Fu, Xing Wang, Xiaoxiao Li, Yan Ma, Jiming Hao, Jun Zheng, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12327–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12327-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12327-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The governing factors for new particle formation (NPF) events in Beijing were analyzed. The roles of gaseous precursors and aerosol surface area were illustrated. It appears that the abundance of gaseous precursors in Beijing is high enough to have nucleation; however, it is aerosol surface area that determines the occurrence of NPF events in Beijing. Aerosol loading thresholds (in the form of aerosol surface area and PM2.5 concentration) for predicting NPF days in Beijing were suggested.
Zhaolian Ye, Jiashu Liu, Aijun Gu, Feifei Feng, Yuhai Liu, Chenglu Bi, Jianzhong Xu, Ling Li, Hui Chen, Yanfang Chen, Liang Dai, Quanfa Zhou, and Xinlei Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2573–2592, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2573-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2573-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work performed a thorough chemical characterization on the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples, collected during July 2015 to April 2016 across four seasons in Changzhou for the first time. In particular, an Aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) was deployed offline to probe the chemical properties and sources of the water-soluble fraction of organic aerosols (WSOAs).
Jenni Kontkanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Lauri Ahonen, Juha Kangasluoma, Hanna E. Manninen, Jani Hakala, Clémence Rose, Karine Sellegri, Shan Xiao, Lin Wang, Ximeng Qi, Wei Nie, Aijun Ding, Huan Yu, Shanhu Lee, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2163–2187, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2163-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The concentrations of ~1–3 nm particles were investigated at nine sites around the world. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were highest at the sites with strong anthropogenic influence. Electrically neutral particles dominated sub-3 nm particle concentrations in polluted environments and in boreal forest during spring and summer. Sub-3 nm particle concentrations were observed to be determined by the availability of precursor vapors rather than the sink caused by preexisting aerosol particles.
Yan Ma, Yiwei Diao, Bingjie Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Xinrong Ren, Dongsen Yang, Ming Wang, Xiaowen Shi, and Jun Zheng
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 6101–6116, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-6101-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-6101-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Here we reported the development of a PTR-ID-CIMS to investigate industry-related emissions of VOCs in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, the largest economic zone in China. We observed strong primary HCHO emissions from the industrial zone that overwhelmed local HCHO secondary formation. These primary HCHO sources can potentially lead to severe local and regional air pollution formation. Therefore, primary industrial HCHO emissions should be strictly monitored and regulated in this region.
Junfeng Wang, Xinlei Ge, Yanfang Chen, Yafei Shen, Qi Zhang, Yele Sun, Jianzhong Xu, Shun Ge, Huan Yu, and Mindong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9109–9127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9109-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Highly time- and chemically resolved submicron aerosol properties were characterized online for the first time during springtime in Nanjing by using the Aerodyne SP-AMS. Both chemical and size information of black carbon together with other aerosol species were simultaneously determined. An in-depth analysis of the data elucidates the sources and evolution processes of the fine aerosols in the YRD region. Our findings are valuable for air quality remediation in the densely populated regions.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
Introducing the novel concept of cumulative concentration roses for studying the transport of ultrafine particles from an airport to adjacent residential areas
Significant spatial gradients in new particle formation frequency in Greece during summer
Impact of desert dust on new particle formation events and the cloud condensation nuclei budget in dust-influenced areas
Active thermokarst regions contain rich sources of ice-nucleating particles
Examining the vertical heterogeneity of aerosols over the Southern Great Plains
Drivers controlling black carbon temporal variability in the lower troposphere of the European Arctic
Opinion: The strength of long-term comprehensive observations to meet multiple grand challenges in different environments and in the atmosphere
Measurement report: Size-resolved mass concentration of equivalent black carbon-containing particles larger than 700 nm and their role in radiation
Aerosol absorption using in situ filter-based photometers and ground-based sun photometry in the Po Valley urban atmosphere
Aerosol and dynamical contributions to cloud droplet formation in Arctic low-level clouds
Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the western North American Arctic
Mechanisms controlling giant sea salt aerosol size distributions along a tropical orographic coastline
New particle formation leads to enhanced cloud condensation nuclei concentrations on the Antarctic Peninsula
Particle Phase State and Aerosol Liquid Water Greatly Impact Secondary Aerosol Formation: Insights into Phase Transition and Role in Haze Events
Mixing state and effective density of aerosol particles during the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games
Quantified effect of seawater biogeochemistry on the temperature dependence of sea spray aerosol fluxes
Annual cycle of aerosol properties over the central Arctic during MOSAiC 2019–2020 – light-extinction, CCN, and INP levels from the boundary layer to the tropopause
3D assimilation and radiative impact assessment of aerosol black carbon over the Indian region using aircraft, balloon, ground-based, and multi-satellite observations
An observation-constrained estimation of brown carbon aerosol direct radiative effects
Measurement report: Nocturnal subsidence behind the cold front enhances surface particulate matter in the plain regions: observation from the mobile multi-lidar system
Evaluation of aerosol- and gas-phase tracers for identification of transported biomass burning emissions in an industrially influenced location in Texas, USA
Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Ålesund in autumn 2019
Cyclones enhance the transport of sea spray aerosols to the high atmosphere in the Southern Ocean
Variations of atmospheric PAHs concentrations, sources, health risk, and direct medical costs of lung cancer around the Bohai Sea under the background of pollution prevention and control in China
Impact of 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns on particulate air pollution across Europe
New particle formation in the tropical free troposphere during CAMP2Ex: statistics and impact of emission sources, convective activity, and synoptic conditions
Optical properties and simple forcing efficiency of the organic aerosols and black carbon emitted by residential wood burning in rural Central Europe
Explaining apparent particle shrinkage related to new particle formation events in western Saudi Arabia does not require evaporation
Investigation of the effects of the Greek extreme wildfires of August 2021 on air quality and spectral solar irradiance
Characterization of dust-related new particle formation events based on long-term measurement in the North China Plain
Airborne investigation of black carbon interaction with low-level, persistent, mixed-phase clouds in the Arctic summer
The variation in the particle number size distribution during the rainfall: wet scavenging and air mass changing
Measurement report: Hygroscopicity of Size-Selective Aerosol Particles at Heavily Polluted Urban Atmosphere of Delhi: Impacts of Chloride Aerosol
Characterization of size-segregated particles' turbulent flux and deposition velocity by eddy correlation method at an Arctic site
Vertical distribution of black carbon and its mixing state in the urban boundary layer in summer
Insights into the size-resolved dust emission from field measurements in the Moroccan Sahara
A new method for the quantification of ambient particulate-matter emission fluxes
Measurement report: The 4-year variability and influence of the Winter Olympics and other special events on air quality in urban Beijing during wintertime
Sea spray emissions from the Baltic Sea: Comparison of aerosol eddy covariance fluxes and chamber-simulated sea spray emissions
The Puy de Dôme ICe Nucleation Intercomparison Campaign (PICNIC): Comparison between online and offline methods in ambient air
Black carbon content of traffic emissions significantly impacts black carbon mass size distributions and mixing states
Measurement Report: Wintertime new particle formation in the rural area of the North China Plain – influencing factors and possible formation mechanism
Measurement report: Rapid decline of aerosol absorption coefficient and aerosol optical property effects on radiative forcing in an urban area of Beijing from 2018 to 2021
Aerosol first indirect effect of African smoke at the cloud base of marine cumulus clouds over Ascension Island, southern Atlantic Ocean
Increase in precipitation scavenging contributes to long-term reductions of black carbon in the Arctic
Measurement report: Atmospheric fluorescent bioaerosol concentrations measured during 18 months in a coniferous forest in the south of Sweden
Measurement report: High Arctic aerosol hygroscopicity at sub- and supersaturated conditions during spring and summer
Ice-nucleating particles in northern Greenland: annual cycles, biological contribution and parameterizations
Aerosol deposition to the boreal forest in the vicinity of the Alberta Oil Sands
The density of ambient black carbon retrieved by a new method: implications for cloud condensation nuclei prediction
Julius Seidler, Markus N. Friedrich, Christoph K. Thomas, and Anke C. Nölscher
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 137–153, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-137-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-137-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we study the transport of ultrafine particles (UFPs) from an airport to two new adjacent measuring sites for 1 year. The number of UFPs in the air and the diurnal variation are typical urban. Winds from the airport show increased number concentrations. Additionally, considering wind frequencies, we estimate that, from all UFPs measured at the two sites, 10 %–14 % originate from the airport and/or other UFP sources from between the airport and site.
Andreas Aktypis, Christos Kaltsonoudis, David Patoulias, Panayiotis Kalkavouras, Angeliki Matrali, Christina N. Vasilakopoulou, Evangelia Kostenidou, Kalliopi Florou, Nikos Kalivitis, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Stergios Vratolis, Maria I. Gini, Athanasios Kouras, Constantini Samara, Mihalis Lazaridis, Sofia-Eirini Chatoutsidou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 65–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-65-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-65-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Extensive continuous particle number size distribution measurements took place during two summers (2020 and 2021) at 11 sites in Greece for the investigation of the frequency and the spatial extent of new particle formation. The frequency during summer varied from close to zero in southwestern Greece to more than 60 % in the northern, central, and eastern regions. The spatial variability can be explained by the proximity of the sites to coal-fired power plants and agricultural areas.
Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Hassan Lyamani, Fernando Rejano, Andrea Casans, Gloria Titos, Francisco José Olmo, Lubna Dada, Simo Hakala, Tareq Hussein, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Pauli Paasonen, Antti Hyvärinen, Noemí Pérez, Xavier Querol, Sergio Rodríguez, Nikos Kalivitis, Yenny González, Mansour A. Alghamdi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Andrés Alastuey, Tuukka Petäjä, and Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15795–15814, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present the first study of the effect of mineral dust on the inhibition/promotion of new particle formation (NPF) events in different dust-influenced areas. Unexpectedly, we show that the occurrence of NPF events is highly frequent during mineral dust outbreaks, occurring even during extreme dust outbreaks. We also show that the occurrence of NPF events during mineral dust outbreaks significantly affects the potential cloud condensation nuclei budget.
Kevin R. Barry, Thomas C. J. Hill, Marina Nieto-Caballero, Thomas A. Douglas, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Paul J. DeMott, and Jessie M. Creamean
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15783–15793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15783-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15783-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are important for the climate due to their influence on cloud properties. To understand potential land-based sources of them in the Arctic, we carried out a survey near the northernmost point of Alaska, a landscape connected to the permafrost (thermokarst). Permafrost contained high concentrations of INPs, with the largest values near the coast. The thermokarst lakes were found to emit INPs, and the water contained elevated concentrations.
Yang Wang, Chanakya Bagya Ramesh, Scott E. Giangrande, Jerome Fast, Xianda Gong, Jiaoshi Zhang, Ahmet Tolga Odabasi, Marcus Vinicius Batista Oliveira, Alyssa Matthews, Fan Mei, John E. Shilling, Jason Tomlinson, Die Wang, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15671–15691, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15671-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15671-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We report the vertical profiles of aerosol properties over the Southern Great Plains (SGP), a region influenced by shallow convective clouds, land–atmosphere interactions, boundary layer turbulence, and the aerosol life cycle. We examined the processes that drive the aerosol population and distribution in the lower troposphere over the SGP. This study helps improve our understanding of aerosol–cloud interactions and the model representation of aerosol processes.
Stefania Gilardoni, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Mauro Mazzola, Vito Vitale, Michael Sprenger, and Radovan Krejci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15589–15607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Models still fail in reproducing black carbon (BC) temporal variability in the Arctic. Analysis of equivalent BC concentrations in the European Arctic shows that BC seasonal variability is modulated by the efficiency of removal by precipitation during transport towards high latitudes. Short-term variability is controlled by synoptic-scale circulation patterns. The advection of warm air from lower latitudes is an effective pollution transport pathway during summer.
Markku Kulmala, Anna Lintunen, Hanna Lappalainen, Annele Virtanen, Chao Yan, Ekaterina Ezhova, Tuomo Nieminen, Ilona Riipinen, Risto Makkonen, Johanna Tamminen, Anu-Maija Sundström, Antti Arola, Armin Hansel, Kari Lehtinen, Timo Vesala, Tuukka Petäjä, Jaana Bäck, Tom Kokkonen, and Veli-Matti Kerminen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14949–14971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To be able to meet global grand challenges, we need comprehensive open data with proper metadata. In this opinion paper, we describe the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Earth surface – Atmosphere Relations) concept and include several examples (cases), such as new particle formation and growth, feedback loops and the effect of COVID-19, and what has been learned from these investigations. The future needs and the potential of comprehensive observations of the environment are summarized.
Weilun Zhao, Ying Li, Gang Zhao, Song Guo, Nan Ma, Shuya Hu, and Chunsheng Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14889–14902, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14889-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14889-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Studies have concentrated on particles containing black carbon (BC) smaller than 700 nm because of technical limitations. In this study, BC-containing particles larger than 700 nm (BC>700) were measured, highlighting their importance to total BC mass and absorption. The contribution of BC>700 to the BC direct radiative effect was estimated, highlighting the necessity to consider the whole size range of BC-containing particles in the model estimation of BC radiative effects.
Alessandro Bigi, Giorgio Veratti, Elisabeth Andrews, Martine Collaud Coen, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Vera Bernardoni, Dario Massabò, Luca Ferrero, Sergio Teggi, and Grazia Ghermandi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14841–14869, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14841-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14841-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric particles include compounds that play a key role in the greenhouse effect and air toxicity. Concurrent observations of these compounds by multiple instruments are presented, following deployment within an urban environment in the Po Valley, one of Europe's pollution hotspots. The study compares these data, highlighting the impact of ground emissions, mainly vehicular traffic and biomass burning, on the absorption of sun radiation and, ultimately, on climate change and air quality.
Ghislain Motos, Gabriel Freitas, Paraskevi Georgakaki, Jörg Wieder, Guangyu Li, Wenche Aas, Chris Lunder, Radovan Krejci, Julie Thérèse Pasquier, Jan Henneberger, Robert Oscar David, Christoph Ritter, Claudia Mohr, Paul Zieger, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13941–13956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Low-altitude clouds play a key role in regulating the climate of the Arctic, a region that suffers from climate change more than any other on the planet. We gathered meteorological and aerosol physical and chemical data over a year and utilized them for a parameterization that help us unravel the factors driving and limiting the efficiency of cloud droplet formation. We then linked this information to the sources of aerosol found during each season and to processes of cloud glaciation.
Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin, Sarah L. Barr, Ian T. Burke, James B. McQuaid, and Benjamin J. Murray
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13819–13834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13819-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13819-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sources and concentrations of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the Arctic are still poorly understood. Here we report aircraft-based INP concentrations and aerosol composition in the western North American Arctic. The concentrations of INPs and all aerosol particles were low. The aerosol samples contained mostly sea salt and dust particles. Dust particles were more relevant for the INP concentrations than sea salt. However, dust alone cannot account for all of the measured INPs.
Katherine L. Ackerman, Alison D. Nugent, and Chung Taing
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13735–13753, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13735-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13735-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Sea salt aerosol is an important marine aerosol that may be produced in greater quantities in coastal regions than over the open ocean. This study observed these particles along the windward coastline of O'ahu, Hawai'i, to understand how wind and waves influence their production and dispersal. Overall, wave heights were the strongest variable correlated with changes in aerosol concentrations, while wind speeds played an important role in their horizontal dispersal and vertical mixing.
Jiyeon Park, Hyojin Kang, Yeontae Gim, Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Sangjong Park, Chang Hoon Jung, Darius Ceburnis, Colin O'Dowd, and Young Jun Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13625–13646, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13625-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13625-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the number size distribution of 2.5–300 nm particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations at King Sejong Station on the Antarctic Peninsula continuously from 1 January to 31 December 2018. During the pristine and clean periods, 97 new particle formation (NPF) events were detected. For 83 of these, CCN concentrations increased by 2 %–268 % (median 44 %) following 1 to 36 h (median 8 h) after NPF events.
Xiangxinyue Meng, Zhijun Wu, Jingchuan Chen, Yanting Qiu, Taomou Zong, Mijung Song, Jiyi Lee, and Min Hu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2204, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2204, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our findings revealed that particles predominantly exist as semi-solid or solid during clean winter days with RH below 30 %. However, non-liquid to liquid phase transition occurred when the ALW mass fraction surpassed 15 % (dry mass) at transition RH thresholds ranging from 40 % to 60 %. Additionally, we provide insights into the increasingly important roles of particle-phase state variation and aerosol liquid water in secondary particulate growth during haze formation in Beijing, China.
Aodong Du, Jiaxing Sun, Hang Liu, Weiqi Xu, Wei Zhou, Yuting Zhang, Lei Li, Xubing Du, Yan Li, Xiaole Pan, Zifa Wang, and Yele Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13597–13611, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized the impacts of emission controls on particle mixing state and density during the Beijing Olympic Winter Games using a SPAMS in tandem with a DMA and an AAC. OC and sulfate-containing particles increased, while those from primary emissions decreased. The effective particle densities increased and varied largely for different particles, highlighting the impacts of aging and formation processes on the changes of particle density and mixing state.
Karine Sellegri, Theresa Barthelmeß, Jonathan Trueblood, Antonia Cristi, Evelyn Freney, Clémence Rose, Neill Barr, Mike Harvey, Karl Safi, Stacy Deppeler, Karen Thompson, Wayne Dillon, Anja Engel, and Cliff Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12949–12964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The amount of sea spray emitted to the atmosphere depends on the ocean temperature, but this dependency is not well understood, especially when ocean biology is involved. In this study, we show that sea spray emissions are increased by up to a factor of 4 at low seawater temperatures compared to moderate temperatures, and we quantify the temperature dependence as a function of the ocean biogeochemistry.
Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Ronny Engelmann, Martin Radenz, Hannes Griesche, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Jessie M. Creamean, Matthew C. Boyer, Daniel A. Knopf, Sandro Dahlke, Marion Maturilli, Henriette Gebauer, Johannes Bühl, Cristofer Jimenez, Patric Seifert, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12821–12849, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The 1-year MOSAiC (2019–2020) expedition with the German ice breaker Polarstern was the largest polar field campaign ever conducted. The Polarstern, with our lidar aboard, drifted with the pack ice north of 85° N for more than 7 months (October 2019 to mid-May 2020). We measured the full annual cycle of aerosol conditions in terms of aerosol optical and cloud-process-relevant properties. We observed a strong contrast between polluted winter and clean summer aerosol conditions.
Nair Krishnan Kala, Narayana Sarma Anand, Mohanan R. Manoj, Srinivasan Prasanth, Harshavardhana S. Pathak, Thara Prabhakaran, Pramod D. Safai, Krishnaswamy K. Moorthy, and Sreedharan K. Satheesh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12801–12819, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 3D data set of aerosol black carbon over the Indian mainland by assimilating data from surface, aircraft, and balloon measurements, along with multi-satellite observations. Radiative transfer computations using height-resolved aerosol absorption show higher warming in the free troposphere and will have large implications for atmospheric stability. This data set will help reduce the uncertainty in aerosol radiative effects in climate model simulations over the Indian region.
Yueyue Cheng, Chao Liu, Jiandong Wang, Jiaping Wang, Dafeng Ge, Caijun Zhu, Jinbo Wang, and Aijun Ding
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2122, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2122, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is an important light-absorbing aerosol influencing the climate change. This study develops a BrC radiative forcing estimation method by a combination of conventional observations and numerical models. We find BrC absorption at 370 nm can be comparable to that of black carbon, and its influences on the radiative forcing, actinic flux and photosynthetically active radiation are unignorable.
Yiming Wang, Haolin Wang, Yujie Qin, Xinqi Xu, Guowen He, Nanxi Liu, Shengjie Miao, Xiao Lu, Haichao Wang, and Shaojia Fan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2178, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2178, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a vertical measurement of winter PM2.5 by a mobile multi-lidar system in four cities. Combined with the surface PM2.5 data, the ERA5 reanalysis data, as well as the GEOS-Chem simulations during Dec. 2018–Feb. 2019, we found the Transport-Nocturnal PM2.5 Enhancement by Subsidence (T-NPES) events widely occurred with high frequencies in plain regions in eastern China, while less happened in basin regions like Xi’an and Chengdu. We propose a conceptual model of the T-NPES events.
Sujan Shrestha, Shan Zhou, Manisha Mehra, Meghan Guagenti, Subin Yoon, Sergio L. Alvarez, Fangzhou Guo, Chun-Ying Chao, James H. Flynn III, Yuxuan Wang, Robert J. Griffin, Sascha Usenko, and Rebecca J. Sheesley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10845–10867, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10845-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10845-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated different methods for assessing the influence of long-range transport of biomass burning (BB) plumes at a coastal site in Texas, USA. We show that the aerosol composition and optical properties exhibited good agreement, while CO and acetonitrile trends were less specific for assessing BB source influence. Our results demonstrate that the network of aerosol optical measurements can be useful for identifying the influence of aged BB plumes in anthropogenically influenced areas.
Guangyu Li, Elise K. Wilbourn, Zezhen Cheng, Jörg Wieder, Allison Fagerson, Jan Henneberger, Ghislain Motos, Rita Traversi, Sarah D. Brooks, Mauro Mazzola, Swarup China, Athanasios Nenes, Ulrike Lohmann, Naruki Hiranuma, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10489–10516, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we present results from an Arctic field campaign (NASCENT) in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, on the abundance, variability, physicochemical properties, and potential sources of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) relevant for mixed-phase cloud formation. This work improves the data coverage of Arctic INPs and aerosol properties, allowing for the validation of models predicting cloud microphysical and radiative properties of mixed-phase clouds in the rapidly warming Arctic.
Jun Shi, Jinpei Yan, Shanshan Wang, Shuhui Zhao, Miming Zhang, Suqing Xu, Qi Lin, Hang Yang, and Siying Dai
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10349–10359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10349-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10349-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
An underway aerosol-monitoring system was used to determine the Na+ concentration during different cyclone periods in the Southern Ocean in order to assess the potential effects of cyclones on sea spray aerosol (SSA) emissions. It was estimated that more than 23 % of SSAs were transported upwards during cyclone periods. Vertically transported SSAs can be regarded as an important source of CCN and hence have an effect on climate in the middle and high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.
Wenwen Ma, Rong Sun, Xiaoping Wang, Zheng Zong, Shizhen Zhao, Zeyu Sun, Chongguo Tian, Jianhui Tang, Song Cui, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1995, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1995, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first report of long-term atmospheric PAHs monitoring around the Bohai Sea. The results showed that the concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere of Bohai Sea was decreasing from June 2014 to May 2019, especially the high toxic PAHs concentrations. This indicated that the contribution of PAHs sources had been changed by some certain extent at different areas, and it also led to the reduction of the related health risk and medical costs during pollution prevention and control.
Jean-Philippe Putaud, Enrico Pisoni, Alexander Mangold, Christoph Hueglin, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jakub Ondracek, Saliou Mbengue, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Andreas Massling, Claus Nordstroem, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina Reche, Noemí Pérez, Sonia Castillo, Mar Sorribas, Jose Antonio Adame, Tuukka Petaja, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Jarkko Niemi, Véronique Riffault, Joel F. de Brito, Augustin Colette, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Valérie Gros, Maria I. Gini, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Karl Espen Yttri, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10145–10161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many European people are still exposed to levels of air pollution that can affect their health. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 were used to assess the impact of the reduction in human mobility on air pollution across Europe by comparing measurement data with values that would be expected if no lockdown had occurred. We show that lockdown measures did not lead to consistent decreases in the concentrations of fine particulate matter suspended in the air, and we investigate why.
Qian Xiao, Jiaoshi Zhang, Yang Wang, Luke D. Ziemba, Ewan Crosbie, Edward L. Winstead, Claire E. Robinson, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Jeffrey S. Reid, K. Sebastian Schmidt, Armin Sorooshian, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Sarah Woods, Paul Lawson, Snorre A. Stamnes, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9853–9871, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using recent airborne measurements, we show that the influences of anthropogenic emissions, transport, convective clouds, and meteorology lead to new particle formation (NPF) under a variety of conditions and at different altitudes in tropical marine environments. NPF is enhanced by fresh urban emissions in convective outflow but is suppressed in air masses influenced by aged urban emissions where reactive precursors are mostly consumed while particle surface area remains relatively high.
Andrea Cuesta-Mosquera, Kristina Glojek, Griša Močnik, Luka Drinovec, Asta Gregorič, Martin Rigler, Matej Ogrin, Baseerat Romshoo, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, Mira Pöhlker, and Thomas Müller
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1874, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1874, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the air pollution and climate impacts of residential wood burning particle emissions from a location in rural Europe. The authors investigate the physical properties that connect these emissions with climate change, through the evaluation of atmospheric radiative impacts via simple calculations. The study contributes to reducing the lack of information that produces large uncertainties in understanding the climate impacts of air pollution from anthropogenic sources.
Simo Hakala, Ville Vakkari, Heikki Lihavainen, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Kimmo Neitola, Jenni Kontkanen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala, Tuukka Petäjä, Tareq Hussein, Mamdouh I. Khoder, Mansour A. Alghamdi, and Pauli Paasonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9287–9321, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Things are not always as they first seem in ambient aerosol measurements. Observations of decreasing particle sizes are often interpreted as resulting from particle evaporation. We show that such observations can counterintuitively be explained by particles that are constantly growing in size. This requires one to account for the previous movements of the observed air. Our explanation implies a larger number of larger particles, meaning more significant effects of aerosols on climate and health.
Akriti Masoom, Ilias Fountoulakis, Stelios Kazadzis, Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Anna Kampouri, Basil E. Psiloglou, Dimitra Kouklaki, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Eleni Marinou, Stavros Solomos, Anna Gialitaki, Dimitra Founda, Vasileios Salamalikis, Dimitris Kaskaoutis, Natalia Kouremeti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Vassilis Amiridis, Andreas Kazantzidis, Alexandros Papayannis, Christos S. Zerefos, and Kostas Eleftheratos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8487–8514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8487-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8487-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse the spatial and temporal aerosol spectral optical properties during the extreme wildfires of August 2021 in Greece and assess their effects on air quality and solar radiation quantities related to health, agriculture, and energy. Different aerosol conditions are identified (pure smoke, pure dust, dust–smoke together); the largest impact on solar radiation quantities is found for cases with mixed dust–smoke aerosols. Such situations are expected to occur more frequently in the future.
Xiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Huizheng Che, Yangmei Zhang, Chunhong Zhou, Ke Gui, Wanyun Xu, Quan Liu, Junting Zhong, Can Xia, Xinyao Hu, Sinan Zhang, Jialing Wang, Shuo Liu, Jiayuan Lu, Aoyuan Yu, and Xiaoye Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8241–8257, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8241-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8241-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation (NPF) events occur when the dust episodes' fade is analysed based on long-term measurement of particle number size distribution. Analysis shows that the observed formation and growth rates are approximately 50 % of and 30 % lower than those of other NPF events. As a consequence of the uptake of precursor gases on mineral dust, the physical and chemical properties of submicron particles, as well as the ability to be cloud condensation nuclei, can be changed.
Marco Zanatta, Stephan Mertes, Olivier Jourdan, Regis Dupuy, Emma Järvinen, Martin Schnaiter, Oliver Eppers, Johannes Schneider, Zsófia Jurányi, and Andreas Herber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7955–7973, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) particles influence the Arctic radiative balance. Vertical measurements of black carbon were conducted during the ACLOUD campaign in the European Arctic to study the interaction of BC with clouds. This study shows that clouds influence the vertical variability of BC properties across the inversion layer and that multiple activation and transformation mechanisms of BC may occur in the presence of low-level, persistent, mixed-phase clouds.
Guangdong Niu, Ximeng Qi, Liangduo Chen, Lian Xue, Shiyi Lai, Xin Huang, Jiaping Wang, Xuguang Chi, Wei Nie, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7521–7534, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The reported below-cloud wet-scavenging coefficients (BWSCs) are much higher than theoretical data, but the reason remains unclear. Based on long-term observation, we find that air mass changing during rainfall events causes the overestimation of BWSCs. Thus, the discrepancy in BWSCs between observation and theory is not as large as currently believed. To obtain reasonable BWSCs and parameterizations from field observations, the effect of air mass changes needs to be considered.
Anil Kumar Mandariya, Ajit Ahlawat, Mohamad M. V. Haneef, Nisar A. Baig, Kanan Patel, Joshua S. Apte, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Gazala Habib
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-577, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-577, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The current study explored the temporal variation of size-selective particle hygroscopicity in Delhi first time. Here, we reported that the high volume fractional contribution of ammonium chloride into aerosol governs the high aerosol hygroscopicity and associated liquid water content based on the experimental data first time in Delhi. The episodically high ammonium chlorides present in Delhi's atmosphere could lead to haze and fog formation under high relative humidity in the region.
Antonio Donateo, Gianluca Pappaccogli, Daniela Famulari, Mauro Mazzola, Federico Scoto, and Stefano Decesari
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7425–7445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work aims to measure the turbulent fluxes and the dry deposition velocity for size-segregated particles (from ultrafine to quasi-coarse range) at an Arctic site (Svalbard). Aiming to characterize the effect of surface properties on dry deposition, continuous observations were performed from the coldest months (on snow surface) to the snow melting period and throughout the summer (snow-free surface). A data fit of the deposition velocity as a function of particle diameters will be provided.
Hang Liu, Xiaole Pan, Shandong Lei, Yuting Zhang, Aodong Du, Weijie Yao, Guiqian Tang, Tao Wang, Jinyuan Xin, Jie Li, Yele Sun, Junji Cao, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7225–7239, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7225-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7225-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the average vertical profiles of black carbon (BC) concentration, size distribution and coating thickness at different times of the day in an urban area based on 112 vertical profiles. In addition, it is found that BC in the residual layer generally has a thicker coating, higher absorption enhancement and hygroscopicity than on the surface. Such aged BC could enter into the boundary layer and influence the BC properties in the early morning.
Cristina González-Flórez, Martina Klose, Andrés Alastuey, Sylvain Dupont, Jerónimo Escribano, Vicken Etyemezian, Adolfo Gonzalez-Romero, Yue Huang, Konrad Kandler, George Nikolich, Agnesh Panta, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7177–7212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric mineral dust consists of tiny mineral particles that are emitted by wind erosion from arid regions. Its particle size distribution (PSD) affects its impact on the Earth's system. Nowadays, there is an incomplete understanding of the emitted dust PSD and a lot of debate about its variability. Here, we try to address these issues based on the measurements performed during a wind erosion and dust emission field campaign in the Moroccan Sahara within the framework of FRAGMENT project.
Stergios Vratolis, Evangelia Diapouli, Manousos I. Manousakas, Susana Marta Almeida, Ivan Beslic, Zsofia Kertesz, Lucyna Samek, and Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6941–6961, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using a dataset from 16 European and Asian cities we develop a new method so as to identify and quantify the emission fluxes from each geographic grid cell for secondary sulfate and dust aerosol. The information provided by the new method allows the implementation of targeted mitigation measures. The new method could be applied to several other pollutants (e.g., black carbon).
Yishuo Guo, Chenjuan Deng, Aino Ovaska, Feixue Zheng, Chenjie Hua, Junlei Zhan, Yiran Li, Jin Wu, Zongcheng Wang, Jiali Xie, Ying Zhang, Tingyu Liu, Yusheng Zhang, Boying Song, Wei Ma, Yongchun Liu, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Men Xia, Tuomo Nieminen, Wei Du, Tom Kokkonen, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6663–6690, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6663-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6663-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using the comprehensive datasets, we investigated the long-term variations of air pollutants during winter in Beijing from 2019 to 2022 and analyzed the characteristics of atmospheric pollution cocktail during different short-term special events (e.g., Beijing Winter Olympics, COVID lockdown and Chinese New Year) associated with substantial emission reductions. Our results are useful in planning more targeted and sustainable long-term pollution control plans.
Julika Zinke, E. Douglas Nilsson, Piotr Markuszewski, Paul Zieger, E. Monica Mårtensson, Anna Rutgersson, Erik Nilsson, and Matthew E. Salter
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-966, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-966, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted two research campaigns in the Baltic Sea, during which we combined laboratory sea spray simulation experiments with flux measurements on a nearby island. To combine these two methods, we scaled the laboratory measurements to the flux measurements using three different approaches. As a result, we derived a parameterization that is dependent on wind speed and wave state for particles with diameters 0.015–10 μm. This parameterization is applicable to low-salinity waters.
Larissa Lacher, Michael P. Adams, Kevin Barry, Barbara Bertozzi, Heinz Bingemer, Cristian Boffo, Yannick Bras, Nicole Büttner, Dimitri Castarede, Daniel J. Cziczo, Paul J. DeMott, Romy Fösig, Megan Goodell, Kristina Höhler, Thomas C. J. Hill, Conrad Jentzsch, Luis A. Ladino, Ezra J. T. Levin, Stephan Mertes, Ottmar Möhler, Kathryn A. Moore, Benjamin J. Murray, Jens Nadolny, Tatjana Pfeuffer, David Picard, Carolina Ramírez-Romero, Mickael Ribeiro, Sarah Richter, Jann Schrod, Karine Sellegri, Frank Stratmann, Benjamin E. Swanson, Erik Thomson, Heike Wex, Martin Wolf, and Evelyn Freney
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1125, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1125, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles that trigger ice formation in clouds are important for the climate system but are very rare in the atmosphere, challenging measurement techniques. Here we compare three cloud chambers and seven methods collecting aerosol particles on filters for offline analysis at a mountaintop station. A general good agreement of the methods was found when sampling aerosol particles behind a whole air inlet, supporting their use to obtain valid data.
Fei Li, Biao Luo, Miaomiao Zhai, Li Liu, Gang Zhao, Hanbing Xu, Tao Deng, Xuejiao Deng, Haobo Tan, Ye Kuang, and Jun Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6545–6558, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6545-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6545-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A field campaign was conducted to study black carbon (BC) mass size distributions and mixing states connected to traffic emissions using a system that combines a differential mobility analyzer and single-particle soot photometer. Results showed that the black carbon content of traffic emissions has a considerable influence on both BC mass size distributions and mixing states, which has crucial implications for accurately representing BC from various sources in regional and climate models.
Juan Hong, Min Tang, Qiaoqiao Wang, Nan Ma, Shaowen Zhu, Shaobin Zhang, Xihao Pan, Linhong Xie, Guo Li, Uwe Kuhn, Chao Yan, Jiangchuan Tao, Ye Kuang, Yao He, Wanyun Xu, Runlong Cai, Yaqing Zhou, Zhibin Wang, Guangsheng Zhou, Bin Yuan, Yafang Cheng, and Hang Su
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5699–5713, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5699-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5699-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of new particle formation (NPF) events was conducted at a rural site on the North China Plain (NCP), China, during the wintertime of 2018 by covering the particle number size distribution down to sub–3 nm. Potential mechanisms for NPF under the current environment were explored, followed by a further discussion on the factors governing the occurrence of NPF at this rural site compared with other regions (e.g., urban areas) in the NCP region.
Xinyao Hu, Junying Sun, Can Xia, Xiaojing Shen, Yangmei Zhang, Quan Liu, Zhaodong Liu, Sinan Zhang, Jialing Wang, Aoyuan Yu, Jiayuan Lu, Shuo Liu, and Xiaoye Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5517–5531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5517-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5517-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The simultaneous measurements under dry conditions of aerosol optical properties were conducted at three wavelengths for PM1 and PM10 in urban Beijing from 2018 to 2021. Considerable reductions in aerosol absorption coefficient and increased single scattering albedo demonstrated that absorbing aerosols were more effectively controlled than scattering aerosols due to pollution control measures. The aerosol radiative effect and the transport's impact on aerosol optical properties were analysed.
Martin de Graaf, Karolina Sarna, Jessica Brown, Elma V. Tenner, Manon Schenkels, and David P. Donovan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5373–5391, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5373-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5373-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Clouds over the oceans reflect sunlight and cool the earth. Simultaneous measurements were performed of cloud droplet sizes and smoke particles in and near the cloud base over Ascension Island, a remote island in the Atlantic Ocean, to determine the sensitivity of cloud droplets to smoke from the African continent. The smoke was found to reduce cloud droplet sizes, which makes the cloud droplets more susceptible to evaporation, reducing cloud lifetime.
Dominic Heslin-Rees, Peter Tunved, Johan Ström, Roxana Cremer, Paul Zieger, Ilona Riipinen, Annica Ekman, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, and Radovan Krejci
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-940, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-940, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Light-absorbing atmospheric particles (e.g. black carbon (BC)) exert a warming effect on the Arctic climate. We show that the amount of particle light absorption decreased from 2002 to 2022. We conclude that in addition to reductions in emissions of BC, wet removal plays a role in the long-term reduction of BC in the Arctic, given the increase in surface precipitation experienced by air masses arriving at the site. The potential impact of biomass-burning events is shown to have increased.
Madeleine Petersson Sjögren, Malin Alsved, Tina Šantl-Temkiv, Thomas Bjerring Kristensen, and Jakob Löndahl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4977–4992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4977-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4977-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Biological aerosol particles (bioaerosols) affect human health by spreading diseases and may be important agents for atmospheric processes, but their abundance and size distributions are largely unknown. We measured bioaerosols for 18 months in the south of Sweden to investigate bioaerosol temporal variations and their couplings to meteorology. Our results showed that the bioaerosols emissions were coupled to meteorological parameters and depended strongly on the season.
Andreas Massling, Robert Lange, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Ulrich Gosewinkel, Lise-Lotte Sørensen, and Henrik Skov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4931–4953, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4931-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4931-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of anthropogenic activities on cloud formation introduces the highest uncertainties with respect to climate change. Data on Arctic aerosols and their corresponding cloud-forming properties are very scarce and most important as the Arctic is warming about 2 times as fast as the rest of the globe. Our studies investigate aerosols in the remote Arctic and suggest relatively high cloud-forming potential, although differences are observed between the Arctic spring and summer.
Kevin C. H. Sze, Heike Wex, Markus Hartmann, Henrik Skov, Andreas Massling, Diego Villanueva, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4741–4761, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4741-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4741-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) play an important role in cloud formation and thus in our climate. But little is known about the abundance and properties of INPs, especially in the Arctic, where the temperature increases almost 4 times as fast as that of the rest of the globe. We observe higher INP concentrations and more biological INPs in summer than in winter, likely from local sources. We also provide three equations for estimating INP concentrations in models at different times of the year.
Timothy Jiang, Mark Gordon, Paul A. Makar, Ralf M. Staebler, and Michael Wheeler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4361–4372, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4361-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4361-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of submicron aerosols (particles smaller than 1 / 1000 of a millimeter) were made in a forest downwind of oil sands mining and production facilities in northern Alberta. These measurements tell us how quickly aerosols are absorbed by the forest (known as deposition rate) and how the deposition rate depends on the size of the aerosol. The measurements show good agreement with a parameterization developed from a recent study for deposition of aerosols to a similar pine forest.
Jingye Ren, Lu Chen, Jieyao Liu, and Fang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4327–4342, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4327-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4327-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The density of black carbon (BC) is linked to its morphology and mixing state and could cause uncertainty in evaluating cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity. A method for retrieving the mixing state and density of BC in the urban atmosphere is developed. The mean retrieval density of internally mixed BC was lower, assuming void-free spherical structures. Our study suggests the importance of accounting for variable BC density in models when assessing its climate effect in urban atmosphere.
Cited articles
Almeida, J., Schobesberger, S., Kurten, A., Ortega, I. K., Kupiainen-Maatta,
O., Praplan, A. P., Adamov, A., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M.,
David, A., Dommen, J., Donahue, N. M., Downard, A., Dunne, E., Duplissy, J.,
Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R. C., Franchin, A., Guida, R., Hakala, J., Hansel, A.,
Heinritzi, M., Henschel, H., Jokinen, T., Junninen, H., Kajos, M.,
Kangasluoma, J., Keskinen, H., Kupc, A., Kurten, T., Kvashin, A. N.,
Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M., Leppa, J., Loukonen, V.,
Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., McGrath, M. J., Nieminen, T., Olenius, T.,
Onnela, A., Petaja, T., Riccobono, F., Riipinen, I., Rissanen, M., Rondo,
L., Ruuskanen, T., Santos, F. D., Sarnela, N., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer,
R., Seinfeld, J. H., Simon, M., Sipila, M., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F.,
Tome, A., Trostl, J., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Vaattovaara, P., Viisanen, Y.,
Virtanen, A., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Weingartner, E., Wex, H.,
Williamson, C., Wimmer, D., Ye, P., Yli-Juuti, T., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala,
M., Curtius, J., Baltensperger, U., Worsnop, D. R., Vehkamaki, H., and
Kirkby, J.: Molecular understanding of sulphuric acid-amine particle
nucleation in the atmosphere, Nature, 502, 359–363,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12663, 2013.
Anttila, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Kulmala, M., Laaksonen, A., and O'Dowd, C. D.:
Modelling the formation of organic particles in the atmosphere, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 4, 1071–1083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-1071-2004, 2004.
Asmi, E., Sipilä, M., Manninen, H. E., Vanhanen, J., Lehtipalo, K.,
Gagné, S., Neitola, K., Mirme, A., Mirme, S., Tamm, E., Uin, J.,
Komsaare, K., Attoui, M., and Kulmala, M.: Results of the first air ion
spectrometer calibration and intercomparison workshop, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
141–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-141-2009, 2009.
Brus, D., Neitola, K., Hyvärinen, A.-P., Petäjä, T., Vanhanen,
J., Sipilä, M., Paasonen, P., Kulmala, M., and Lihavainen, H.: Homogenous
nucleation of sulfuric acid and water at close to atmospherically relevant
conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5277–5287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-5277-2011,
2011.
Chan, C. K. and Yao, X.: Air pollution in mega cities in China, Atmos.
Environ., 42, 1–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.003, 2008.
Donahue, N. M., Trump, E. R., Pierce, J. R., and Riipinen, I.: Theoretical
constraints on pure vapor-pressure driven condensation of organics to
ultrafine particles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16801,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl048115, 2011.
Donahue, N. M., Kroll, J. H., Pandis, S. N., and Robinson, A. L.: A
two-dimensional volatility basis set – Part 2: Diagnostics of
organic-aerosol evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 615–634,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-615-2012, 2012.
Ehn, M., Thornton, J. A., Kleist, E., Sipila, M., Junninen, H., Pullinen, I.,
Springer, M., Rubach, F., Tillmann, R., Lee, B., Lopez-Hilfiker, F., Andres,
S., Acir, I.-H., Rissanen, M., Jokinen, T., Schobesberger, S., Kangasluoma,
J., Kontkanen, J., Nieminen, T., Kurten, T., Nielsen, L. B., Jorgensen, S.,
Kjaergaard, H. G., Canagaratna, M., Maso, M. D., Berndt, T., Petaja, T.,
Wahner, A., Kerminen, V. M., Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R., Wildt, J., and
Mentel, T. F.: A large source of low-volatility secondary organic aerosol,
Nature, 506, 476–479, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13032, 2014.
Herrmann, E., Ding, A. J., Kerminen, V.-M., Petäjä, T., Yang, X. Q.,
Sun, J. N., Qi, X. M., Manninen, H., Hakala, J., Nieminen, T., Aalto, P. P.,
Kulmala, M., and Fu, C. B.: Aerosols and nucleation in eastern China: first
insights from the new SORPES-NJU station, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2169–2183,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2169-2014, 2014.
Hirsikko, A., Laakso, L., Horrak, U., Aalto, P. P., Kerminen, V. M., and
Kulmala, M.: Annual and size dependent variation of growth rates and ion
concentrations in boreal forest, Boreal Environ. Res., 10, 357–469, 2005.
Jiang, J., Chen, M., Kuang, C., Attoui, M., and McMurry, P. H.: Electrical
Mobility Spectrometer Using a Diethylene Glycol Condensation Particle Counter
for Measurement of Aerosol Size Distributions Down to 1 nm, Aerosol Sci.
Tech., 45, 510–521, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547538, 2011a.
Jiang, J., Zhao, J., Chen, M., Eisele, F. L., Scheckman, J., Williams, B. J.,
Kuang, C., and McMurry, P. H.: First Measurements of Neutral Atmospheric
Cluster and 1–2 nm Particle Number Size Distributions During Nucleation
Events, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, II–V, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.546817,
2011b.
Jokinen, T., Sipilä, M., Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Lönn, G., Hakala, J.,
Petäjä, T., Mauldin III, R. L., Kulmala, M., and Worsnop, D. R.:
Atmospheric sulphuric acid and neutral cluster measurements using CI-APi-TOF,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4117–4125, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4117-2012, 2012.
Junninen, H., Hulkkonen, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., Hirsikko, A., Suni,
T., Boy, M., Lee, S.-H., Vana, M., Tammet, T., Kerminen, V. M., and Kulmala,
M.: Observations on nocturnal growth of atmospheric clusters, Tellus B, 60,
365–371, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00356.x, 2008.
Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Petäjä, T., Luosujärvi, L., Kotiaho, T.,
Kostiainen, R., Rohner, U., Gonin, M., Fuhrer, K., Kulmala, M., and Worsnop,
D. R.: A high-resolution mass spectrometer to measure atmospheric ion
composition, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1039–1053, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-1039-2010,
2010.
Kangasluoma, J., Kuang, C., Wimmer, D., Rissanen, M. P., Lehtipalo, K., Ehn,
M., Worsnop, D. R., Wang, J., Kulmala, M., and Petäjä, T.: Sub-3 nm
particle size and composition dependent response of a nano-CPC battery,
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 689–700, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-689-2014, 2014.
Kirkby, J., Curtius, J., Almeida, J., Dunne, E., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S.,
Franchin, A., Gagne, S., Ickes, L., Kurten, A., Kupc, A., Metzger, A.,
Riccobono, F., Rondo, L., Schobesberger, S., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Wimmer, D.,
Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., David, A., Dommen, J., Downard,
A., Ehn, M., Flagan, R. C., Haider, S., Hansel, A., Hauser, D., Jud, W.,
Junninen, H., Kreissl, F., Kvashin, A., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Lima,
J., Lovejoy, E. R., Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., Mikkila, J., Minginette, P.,
Mogo, S., Nieminen, T., Onnela, A., Pereira, P., Petaja, T., Schnitzhofer,
R., Seinfeld, J. H., Sipila, M., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F., Tome, A.,
Vanhanen, J., Viisanen, Y., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Walther, H.,
Weingartner, E., Wex, H., Winkler, P. M., Carslaw, K. S., Worsnop, D. R.,
Baltensperger, U., and Kulmala, M.: Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and
galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation, Nature, 476,
429–433, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10343, 2011.
Kuang, C., Chen, M., Zhao, J., Smith, J., McMurry, P. H., and Wang, J.: Size
and time-resolved growth rate measurements of 1 to 5 nm freshly formed
atmospheric nuclei, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 3573–3589,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3573-2012, 2012.
Kulmala, M., Pirjola, L., and Makela, J. M.: Stable sulfate clusters as a
source of new atmospheric particles, Nature, 404, 60–66,
https://doi.org/10.1038/35003550, 2000.
Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Riipinen, I., Dal Maso, M.,
Lauria, A., Kerminen, V. M., Birmili, W., and McMurry, P. H.: Formation and
growth rates of ultrafine atmosphere particles: A review of observations, J.
Aerosol. Sci., 35, 143–176, 2004a.
Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V. M., Anntila, T., Laaksonen, A., and O'Dowd, C. D.:
Organic aerosol formation via sulfate cluster activation, J. Geophys. Res.,
109, D04205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003961, 2004b.
Kulmala, M., Laakso, L., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Riipinen, I., Dal Maso, M.,
Anttila, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Hõrrak, U., Vana, M., and Tammet, H.:
Initial steps of aerosol growth, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 2553–2560,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-2553-2004, 2004c.
Kulmala, M., Petäjä, T., Nieminen, T., Sipilä, M., Manninen, H.
E., Lehtipalo, K., Dal Maso, M., Aalto, P. P., Junninen, H., Paasonen, P.,
Riipinen, I., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Laaksonen, A., and Kerminen, V. M.:
Measurement of the nucleation of atmospheric aerosol particles, Nat. Protoc.,
7, 1651–1667, https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2012.091, 2012.
Kulmala, M., Kontkanen, J., Junninen, H., Lehtipalo, K., Manninen, H. E.,
Nieminen, T., Petäjä, T., Sipilä, M., Schobesberger, S., Rantala,
P., Franchin, A., Jokinen, T., Järvinen, E., Äijälä, M.,
Kangasluoma, J., Hakala, J., Aalto, P. P., Paasonen, P., Mikkilä, J.,
Vanhanen, J., Aalto, J., Hakola, H., Makkonen, U., Ruuskanen, T., Mauldin, R.
L., Duplissy, J., Vehkamäki, H., Bäck, J., Kortelainen, A., Riipinen,
I., Kurtén, T., Johnston, M. V., Smith, J. N., Ehn, M., Mentel, T. F.,
Lehtinen, K. E. J., Laaksonen, A., Kerminen, V. M., and Worsnop, D. R.:
Direct Observations of Atmospheric Aerosol Nucleation, Science, 339,
943–946, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1227385, 2013.
Kulmala, M., Petäjä, T., Ehn, M., Thornton, J., Sipilä, M.,
Worsnop, D. R., and Kerminen, V. M.: Chemistry of Atmospheric Nucleation: On
the Recent Advances on Precursor Characterization and Atmospheric Cluster
Composition in Connection with Atmospheric New Particle Formation, Annu. Rev.
Phys. Chem., 65, 21–37, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-040412-110014, 2014.
Kürten, A., Jokinen, T., Simon, M., Sipilä, M., Sarnela, N.,
Junninen, H., Adamov, A., Almeida, J., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F.,
Breitenlechner, M., Dommen, J., Donahue, N. M., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S.,
Flagan, R. C., Franchin, A., Hakala, J., Hansel, A., Heinritzi, M., Hutterli,
M., Kangasluoma, J., Kirkby, J., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Leiminger, M.,
Makhmutov, V., Mathot, S., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Praplan, A. P.,
Riccobono, F., Rissanen, M. P., Rondo, L., Schobesberger, S., Seinfeld, J.
H., Steiner, G., Tomé, A., Tröstl, J., Winkler, P. M., Williamson,
C., Wimmer, D., Ye, P., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M.,
Worsnop, D. R., and Curtius, J.: Neutral molecular cluster formation of
sulfuric acid–dimethylamine observed in real time under atmospheric
conditions, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 15019–15024,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1404853111, 2014.
Lee, S. H., Young, L. H., Benson, D. R., Kulmala, M., Junninen, H., Suni, T.,
Campos, T., Rogers, D. C., and Jensen, J.: Observations of nighttime new
particle formation in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10210,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009351, 2008.
Lehtipalo, K., Sipilä, M., Riipinen, I., Nieminen, T., and Kulmala, M.:
Analysis of atmospheric neutral and charged molecular clusters in boreal
forest using pulse-height CPC, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4177–4184,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4177-2009, 2009.
Lehtipalo, K., Kulmala, M., Sipilä, M., Petäjä, T., Vana, M.,
Ceburnis, D., Dupuy, R., and O'Dowd, C.: Nanoparticles in boreal forest and
coastal environment: a comparison of observations and implications of the
nucleation mechanism, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7009–7016,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7009-2010, 2010.
Lehtipalo, K., Sipila, M., Junninen, H., Ehn, M., Berndt, T., Kajos, M. K.,
Worsnop, D. R., Petaja, T., and Kulmala, M.: Observations of Nano-CN in the
Nocturnal Boreal Forest, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, 499–509,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547537, 2011.
Lehtipalo, K., Leppä, J., Kontkanen, J., Kangasluoma, J., Franchin,
A., Wimmer, D., Schobesberger, S., Junninen, H., Petäjä, T.,
Sipilä, M., Mikkilä, J., Vanhanen, J., Worsnop, D. R., and
Kulmala, M.: Methods for determining particle size distribution and growth
rates between 1 and 3 nm using the Particle Size Magnifier, Boreal Environ.
Res., 19, 215–236, 2014.
Matsui, H., Koike, M., Takegawa, N., Kondo, Y., Takami, A., Takamura, T.,
Yoon, S., Kim, S. W., Lim, H. C., and Fast, J. D.: Spatial and temporal
variations of new particle formation in East Asia using an NPF-explicit
WRF-chem model: North-south contrast in new particle formation frequency, J.
Geophys. Res., 118, 11647–11663, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50821, 2013.
Merikanto, J., Spracklen, D. V., Mann, G. W., Pickering, S. J., and Carslaw,
K. S.: Impact of nucleation on global CCN, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8601–8616,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8601-2009, 2009.
Mikkonen, S., Romakkaniemi, S., Smith, J. N., Korhonen, H., Petäjä,
T., Plass-Duelmer, C., Boy, M., McMurry, P. H., Lehtinen, K. E. J.,
Joutsensaari, J., Hamed, A., Mauldin III, R. L., Birmili, W., Spindler, G.,
Arnold, F., Kulmala, M., and Laaksonen, A.: A statistical proxy for sulphuric
acid concentration, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11319–11334,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11319-2011, 2011.
Nieminen, T., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and Kulmala, M.: Sub-10 nm particle growth
by vapor condensation – effects of vapor molecule size and particle thermal
speed, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9773–9779, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9773-2010,
2010.
Ortega, I. K., Suni, T., Gronholm, T., Boy, M., Hakola, H., Hellen, H.,
Valmari, T., Arvela, H., Vehkamaki, H., and Kulmala, M.: Is eucalyptol the
cause of nocturnal events observed in Australia?, Boreal Environ. Res., 14,
606–615, 2009.
Ortega, I. K., Suni, T., Boy, M., Grönholm, T., Manninen, H. E.,
Nieminen, T., Ehn, M., Junninen, H., Hakola, H., Hellén, H., Valmari, T.,
Arvela, H., Zegelin, S., Hughes, D., Kitchen, M., Cleugh, H., Worsnop, D. R.,
Kulmala, M., and Kerminen, V.-M.: New insights into nocturnal nucleation,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4297–4312, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4297-2012, 2012.
Petäjä, T., Mauldin, III, R. L., Kosciuch, E., McGrath, J., Nieminen,
T., Paasonen, P., Boy, M., Adamov, A., Kotiaho, T., and Kulmala, M.: Sulfuric
acid and OH concentrations in a boreal forest site, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
7435–7448, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7435-2009, 2009.
Pierce, J. R. and Adams, P. J.: Uncertainty in global CCN concentrations from
uncertain aerosol nucleation and primary emission rates, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
9, 1339–1356, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1339-2009, 2009.
Riccobono, F., Schobesberger, S., Scott, C. E., Dommen, J., Ortega, I. K.,
Rondo, L., Almeida, J., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., David,
A., Downard, A., Dunne, E. M., Duplissy, J., Ehrhart, S., Flagan, R. C.,
Franchin, A., Hansel, A., Junninen, H., Kajos, M., Keskinen, H., Kupc, A.,
Kürten, A., Kvashin, A. N., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Makhmutov, V.,
Mathot, S., Nieminen, T., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Praplan, A. P.,
Santos, F. D., Schallhart, S., Seinfeld, J. H., Sipilä, M., Spracklen, D.
V., Stozhkov, Y., Stratmann, F., Tomé, A., Tsagkogeorgas, G.,
Vaattovaara, P., Viisanen, Y., Vrtala, A., Wagner, P. E., Weingartner, E.,
Wex, H., Wimmer, D., Carslaw, K. S., Curtius, J., Donahue, N. M., Kirkby, J.,
Kulmala, M., Worsnop, D. R., and Baltensperger, U.: Oxidation Products of
Biogenic Emissions Contribute to Nucleation of Atmospheric Particles,
Science, 344, 717–721, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243527, 2014.
Riipinen, I., Yli-Juuti, T., Pierce, J. R., Petaja, T., Worsnop, D. R.,
Kulmala, M., and Donahue, N. M.: The contribution of organics to atmospheric
nanoparticle growth, Nat. Geosci., 5, 453–458, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO1499, 2012.
Russell, L. M., Mensah, A. A., Fischer, E. V., Sive, B. C., Varner, R. K.,
Keene, W. C., Stutz, J., and Pszenny, A. A. P.: Nanoparticle growth following
photochemical α- and β-pinene oxidation at Appledore Island
during International Consortium for Research on Transport and
Transformation/Chemistry of Halogens at the Isles of Shoals 2004, J. Geophys.
Res., 112, D10S21, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jd007736, 2007.
Schobesberger, S., Junninen, H., Bianchi, F., Lönn, G., Ehn, M.,
Lehtipalo, K., Dommen, J., Ehrhart, S., Ortega, I. K., Franchin, A.,
Nieminen, T., Riccobono, F., Hutterli, M., Duplissy, J., Almeida, J., Amorim,
A., Breitenlechner, M., Downard, A. J., Dunne, E. M., Flagan, R. C., Kajos,
M., Keskinen, H., Kirkby, J., Kupc, A., Kürten, A., Kurtén, T.,
Laaksonen, A., Mathot, S., Onnela, A., Praplan, A. P., Rondo, L., Santos, F.
D., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer, R., Sipilä, M., Tomé, A.,
Tsagkogeorgas, G., Vehkamäki, H., Wimmer, D., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw,
K. S., Curtius, J., Hansel, A., Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Donahue, N.
M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Molecular understanding of atmospheric particle
formation from sulfuric acid and large oxidized organic molecules, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 17223–17228, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1306973110, 2013.
Sipila, M., Lehtipalo, K., Attoui, M., Neitola, K., Petäjä, T.,
Aalto, P. P., O'Dowd, C. D., and Kulmala, M.: Laboratory Verification of
PH-CPC's Ability to Monitor Atmospheric Sub-3 nm Clusters, Aerosol Sci.
Tech., 43, 126–135, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802506227, 2009.
Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., Sihto, S.-L.,
Riipinen, I., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Chipperfield, M. P., Wiedensohler,
A., Birmili, W., and Lihavainen, H.: Contribution of particle formation to
global cloud condensation nuclei concentrations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35,
L06808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL033038, 2008.
Suni, T., Kulmala, M., Hirsikko, A., Bergman, T., Laakso, L., Aalto, P. P.,
Leuning, R., Cleugh, H., Zegelin, S., Hughes, D., van Gorsel, E., Kitchen,
M., Vana, M., Hõrrak, U., Mirme, S., Mirme, A., Sevanto, S., Twining, J.,
and Tadros, C.: Formation and characteristics of ions and charged aerosol
particles in a native Australian Eucalypt forest, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8,
129–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-129-2008, 2008.
Svenningsson, B., Arneth, A., Hayward, S., Holst, T., Massling, A.,
Swietlicko, E., Hirsikko, A., Junninen, H., Riipinen, I., Vana, M., Dal Maso,
M., Hussein, T., and Kulmala, M.: Aerosol particle formation events and
analysis of high growth rates observed above a subarctic wetland-forest
mosaic, Tellus, 60, 353–365, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00351.x, 2008.
Vanhanen, J., Mikkila, J., Lehtipalo, K., Sipila, M., Manninen, H. E.,
Siivola, E., Petaja, T., and Kulmala, M.: Particle Size Magnifier for Nano-CN
Detection, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, 533–542,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2010.547889, 2011.
von der Weiden, S.-L., Drewnick, F., and Borrmann, S.: Particle Loss
Calculator – a new software tool for the assessment of the performance of
aerosol inlet systems, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 2, 479–494,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2-479-2009, 2009.
Wang, J. and Wexler, A. S.: Adsorption of organic molecules may explain
growth of newly nucleated clusters and new particle formation, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 11, 2834–2838, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50455, 2013.
Wang, J., McGraw, R. L., and Kuang, C.: Growth of atmospheric nano-particles
by heterogeneous nucleation of organic vapor, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
6523–6531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6523-2013, 2013.
Wiedensohler, A., Cheng, Y. F., Nowak, A., Wehner, B., Achtert, P., Berghof,
M., Birmili, W., Wu, Z. J., Hu, M., Zhu, T., Takegawa, N., Kita, K., Kondo,
Y., Lou, S. R., Hofzumahaus, A., Holland, F., Wahner, A., Gunthe, S. S.,
Rose, D., Su, H., and Pöschl, U.: Rapid aerosol particle growth and
increase of cloud condensation nucleus activity by secondary aerosol
formation and condensation: A case study for regional air pollution in
northeastern China, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00G08, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010884,
2009.
Xiao, S., Wang, M. Y., Yao, L., Kulmala, M., Zhou, B., Yang, X., Chen, J. M.,
Wang, D. F., Fu, Q. Y., Worsnop, D. R., and Wang, L.: Strong atmospheric new
particle formation in winter in urban Shanghai, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
15, 1769–1781, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1769-2015, 2015.
Yu, F. and Luo, G.: Simulation of particle size distribution with a global
aerosol model: contribution of nucleation to aerosol and CCN number
concentrations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7691–7710,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7691-2009, 2009.
Yu, H., Gannet Hallar, A., You, Y., Sedlacek, A., Springston, S., Kanawade,
V. P., Lee, Y. N., Wang, J., Kuang, C., McGraw, R. L., McCubbin, I., Mikkila,
J., and Lee, S. H.: Sub-3 nm particles observed at the coastal and
continental sites in the United States, J. Geophys. Res., 119, 860–879,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd020841, 2014a.
Yu, H., Ortega, J., Smith, J. N., Guenther, A. B., Kanawade, V. P., You, Y.,
Liu, Y., Hosman, K., Karl, T., Seco, R., Geron, C., Pallardy, S. G., Gu, L.,
Mikkilä, J., and Lee, S. H.: New Particle Formation and Growth in an
Isoprene-Dominated Ozark Forest: From Sub-5 nm to CCN-Active Sizes, Aerosol
Sci. Tech., 48, 1285–1298, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2014.984801, 2014b.
Yue, D. L., Hu, M., Zhang, R. Y., Wu, Z. J., Su, H., Wang, Z. B., Peng, J.
F., He, L. Y., Huang, X. F., Gong, Y. G., and Wiedensohler, A.: Potential
contribution of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei in
Beijing, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6070–6077, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.037,
2011.
Zhang, K. M. and Wexler, A. S.: A hypothesis for growth of fresh atmospheric
nuclei, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4577, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002180, 2002.
Zhao, J., Eisele, F. L., Titcombe, M., Kuang, C., and McMurry, P. H.:
Chemical ionization mass spectrometric measurements of atmospheric neutral
clusters using the cluster-CIMS, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D08205,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012606, 2010.
Short summary
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric aerosols. We conducted size- and time-dependent nucleation rate and growth rate measurements of sub-3 nm particles in the urban atmosphere. We observed that growth rate could be very high between 1 and 3 nm and did not increase monotonically with particle size. This was interpreted as the solvation effect of organic vapor in inorganic nuclei. The growth rate behavior gives new insight into cluster dynamics in polluted environments.
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric aerosols. We conducted size- and...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint