Articles | Volume 26, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4531-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4531-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
02 Apr 2026
Research article |
| 02 Apr 2026
| 02 Apr 2026
Three-dimensional hollow tubular structure of rocket chemical depletion
Chunyu Deng
Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Planetary Geology and Deep-Space Exploration, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Xiangxiang Yan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Planetary Geology and Deep-Space Exploration, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Tao Yu
Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Planetary Geology and Deep-Space Exploration, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Chunliang Xia
Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key Laboratory, School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Planetary Geology and Deep-Space Exploration, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Yifan Qi
Hubei Key Laboratory of Planetary Geology and Deep-Space Exploration, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Short summary
Short summary
The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is the lowest part of the troposphere, and boundary layer height (BLH) is the depth of the PBL and is of critical importance to the dispersion of air pollution. The study presents the first near-global BLH climatology by using high-resolution (5-10 m) radiosonde measurements. The variations in BLH exhibit large spatial and temporal dependence, with a peak at 17:00 local solar time. The most promising reanalysis product is ERA-5 in terms of modeling BLH.
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Short summary
A rocket launch released gases high into the atmosphere and caused a large region where the number of free electrons dropped sharply. We combined satellite measurements, ground observations, and simulations to reveal the three-dimensional shape and evolution of this electron loss for the first time. The depletion formed quickly, expanded as the gases spread, and then slowly recovered. These results help us understand how frequent launches briefly disturb the space environment above Earth.
A rocket launch released gases high into the atmosphere and caused a large region where the...
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