Articles | Volume 25, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8671-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8671-2025
Measurement report
 | 
11 Aug 2025
Measurement report |  | 11 Aug 2025

Measurement report: Influence of particle density on secondary ice production by graupel and frozen drop collisions

Sudha Yadav, Lilly Metten, Pierre Grzegorczyk, Alexander Theis, Subir K. Mitra, and Miklós Szakáll

Related authors

Fragmentation of ice particles: laboratory experiments on graupel–graupel and graupel–snowflake collisions
Pierre Grzegorczyk, Sudha Yadav, Florian Zanger, Alexander Theis, Subir K. Mitra, Stephan Borrmann, and Miklós Szakáll
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13505–13521, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13505-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13505-2023, 2023
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Cited articles

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Enzmann, F., Miedaner, M. M., Kersten, M., von Blohn, N., Diehl, K., Borrmann, S., Stampanoni, M., Ammann, M., and Huthwelker, T.: 3-D imaging and quantification of graupel porosity by synchrotron-based micro-tomography, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 2225–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-2225-2011, 2011. a, b
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Laboratory studies on the fragmentation of ice particles by collision are presented. Graupel particles were created by riming at –7 and –15 °C, also simulating rotation and tumbling. Frozen ice drops were generated by freezing water in 3D-printed spherical molds. The number of fragments generated by collision was between 1 and 20 and was strongly dependent on the density of the graupel. We also showed that the number of fragments approaches zero when the particle suffers more than three collisions in a row.
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