Articles | Volume 25, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2781-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2781-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zurich
Stuart K. Grange
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
currently at: School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
Pascal Rubli
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Andrea Fischer
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Dominik Brunner
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Christoph Hueglin
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Lukas Emmenegger
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Air Pollution / Environmental Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Viewed
Total article views: 6,077 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 21 Oct 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,920 | 1,386 | 771 | 6,077 | 167 | 320 |
- HTML: 3,920
- PDF: 1,386
- XML: 771
- Total: 6,077
- BibTeX: 167
- EndNote: 320
Total article views: 2,967 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Mar 2025)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,235 | 646 | 86 | 2,967 | 70 | 109 |
- HTML: 2,235
- PDF: 646
- XML: 86
- Total: 2,967
- BibTeX: 70
- EndNote: 109
Total article views: 3,110 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 21 Oct 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,685 | 740 | 685 | 3,110 | 97 | 211 |
- HTML: 1,685
- PDF: 740
- XML: 685
- Total: 3,110
- BibTeX: 97
- EndNote: 211
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 6,077 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 5,910 with geography defined
and 167 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,967 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,802 with geography defined
and 165 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,110 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,108 with geography defined
and 2 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatial and Temporal Variability of Near-Surface CO2 and Influencing Factors in Urban Communities Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14040888
- Estimation of CO2 fluxes in the cities of Zurich and Paris using the ICON-ART CTDAS inverse modelling framework N. Ponomarev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-547-2026
- Designing urban CO2 sensor networks under realistic uncertainties and biases: Results from synthetic studies in Berlin and Munich C. Lüken-Winkels et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2025.00118
- ACROPOLIS: Munich urban CO2 sensor network P. Aigner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-745-2026
- Atmospheric network requirements to detect policy-driven urban CO2 emission changes I. Albarus et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae7b5f
- The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zurich S. Grange et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2781-2025
- The Zurich Low-cost CO2 sensor network (ZiCOS-L): data processing, performance assessment and analysis of spatial and temporal CO2 dynamics L. Creman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1441-2026
- Effects of Environmental Factors on the Performance of Ground-Based Low-Cost CO2 Sensors X. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25196114
- Building-resolving simulations of anthropogenic and biospheric CO2 in the city of Zurich with GRAMM/GRAL D. Brunner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14387-2025
- A Review of Source-Term Estimation for Continuous Methane Monitoring: From Data Acquisition to Modeling and Estimation Z. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13215
- Tall-tower isotope measurements to infer urban CO2 sources: a case study of Vienna, Austria K. Meeran et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.122245
- A 30-month field evaluation of low-cost CO2 sensors using a reference instrument Q. Cai et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4871-2025
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatial and Temporal Variability of Near-Surface CO2 and Influencing Factors in Urban Communities Y. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14040888
- Estimation of CO2 fluxes in the cities of Zurich and Paris using the ICON-ART CTDAS inverse modelling framework N. Ponomarev et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-547-2026
- Designing urban CO2 sensor networks under realistic uncertainties and biases: Results from synthetic studies in Berlin and Munich C. Lüken-Winkels et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2025.00118
- ACROPOLIS: Munich urban CO2 sensor network P. Aigner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-745-2026
- Atmospheric network requirements to detect policy-driven urban CO2 emission changes I. Albarus et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae7b5f
- The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zurich S. Grange et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2781-2025
- The Zurich Low-cost CO2 sensor network (ZiCOS-L): data processing, performance assessment and analysis of spatial and temporal CO2 dynamics L. Creman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1441-2026
- Effects of Environmental Factors on the Performance of Ground-Based Low-Cost CO2 Sensors X. Ren et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25196114
- Building-resolving simulations of anthropogenic and biospheric CO2 in the city of Zurich with GRAMM/GRAL D. Brunner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14387-2025
- A Review of Source-Term Estimation for Continuous Methane Monitoring: From Data Acquisition to Modeling and Estimation Z. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13215
- Tall-tower isotope measurements to infer urban CO2 sources: a case study of Vienna, Austria K. Meeran et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.122245
- A 30-month field evaluation of low-cost CO2 sensors using a reference instrument Q. Cai et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4871-2025
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 10 Aug 2026
Short summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a very important atmospheric pollutant, and to better understand the gas's source and sink dynamics, a mid-cost sensor network hosting 26 sites was deployed in and around Zurich, Switzerland. The sensor measurement performance was quantified, and natural and anthropogenic CO2 emission sources were explored with a focus on what drives high CO2 levels. The observations will be used further by others to validate what is thought to be known about CO2 emissions in the region.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a very important atmospheric pollutant, and to better understand the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint