Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 25, issue 22
Articles | Volume 25, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15857-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15857-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 22
Research article
 | 
18 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 18 Nov 2025

Surfactants regulate the mixing state of organic-inorganic mixed aerosols undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation

Younuo Fan, Qiong Li, Min Zhou, Jiuyi Sun, Shuaishuai Ma, and Tianyou Xu

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Short summary
The internal mixing of inorganic salts, secondary organic matter, and surfactants is ubiquitous in tropospheric aerosols. Our study shows that the presence of surfactants alters the spreading coefficients of the organic and inorganic phases. Therefore, the phase-separated particle morphology can shift from the conventional core-shell structure to partial engulfing configurations, or even to inverse core-shell forms where the organic phase is surrounded by an outer inorganic shell.
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