We developed a novel transformer framework to bridge the sparse surface monitoring for inferring ozone–NO_x–VOC–aerosol sensitivity and their urban–nonurban discrepancies at a finer scale with implications for improving our understanding of ozone variations. The change in urban–rural disparities in ozone was dominated by PM_2.5 from 2019 to 2020. An aerosol-inhibited regime on top of the two traditional NO_x- and VOC-limited regimes was identified in Jiaodong Peninsula, Shandong, China.