Articles | Volume 23, issue 17 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023
                    © Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023
                    © Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A multimodel evaluation of the potential impact of shipping on particle species in the Mediterranean Sea
                                            Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
                                        
                                    Matthias Karl
                                            Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
                                        
                                    Volker Matthias
                                            Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
                                        
                                    Sonia Oppo
                                            AtmoSud, Air Quality Observatory in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, 13006 Marseille, France
                                        
                                    Richard Kranenburg
                                            TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
                                        
                                    Jeroen Kuenen
                                            TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
                                        
                                    Sara Jutterström
                                            IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 411 33 Gothenburg,
Sweden
                                        
                                    Jana Moldanova
                                            IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 411 33 Gothenburg,
Sweden
                                        
                                    Elisa Majamäki
                                            FMI, Finnish Meteorological Institute,  00560 Helsinki, Finland
                                        
                                    Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen
                                            FMI, Finnish Meteorological Institute,  00560 Helsinki, Finland
                                        
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                            Cited
8 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synergistic effects of CO2 and air pollutants from ship emissions in Shanghai, China: Spatial-temporal characteristics, prediction assessment, policy implications Y. Dai et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124417
- Across land, sea, and mountains: sulphate aerosol sources and transport dynamics over the northern Apennines M. Bettineschi et al. 10.1039/D5EA00035A
- Analysis of chemical and transport processes of biogenic aerosols over the northern Apennines: insights from the WRF-CHIMERE model B. Vitali et al. 10.1039/D4EA00040D
- A review of the CAMx, CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NAQPMS models: Application, evaluation and uncertainty factors Z. Gao & X. Zhou 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123183
- Measurement report: In-depth characterization of ship emissions during operations in a Mediterranean port L. Le Berre et al. 10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025
- Using the Multicomponent Aerosol FORmation Model (MAFOR) to Determine Improved VOC Emission Factors in Ship Plumes L. Fink et al. 10.3390/toxics12060432
- Eutrophication Exacerbates Microplastic Bioaccumulation Risks in Coastal Fish C. Liu et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c14498
- Changes in the impacts of ship emissions on PM2.5 and its components in China under the staged fuel oil policies G. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-25-9497-2025
8 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synergistic effects of CO2 and air pollutants from ship emissions in Shanghai, China: Spatial-temporal characteristics, prediction assessment, policy implications Y. Dai et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124417
- Across land, sea, and mountains: sulphate aerosol sources and transport dynamics over the northern Apennines M. Bettineschi et al. 10.1039/D5EA00035A
- Analysis of chemical and transport processes of biogenic aerosols over the northern Apennines: insights from the WRF-CHIMERE model B. Vitali et al. 10.1039/D4EA00040D
- A review of the CAMx, CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NAQPMS models: Application, evaluation and uncertainty factors Z. Gao & X. Zhou 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123183
- Measurement report: In-depth characterization of ship emissions during operations in a Mediterranean port L. Le Berre et al. 10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025
- Using the Multicomponent Aerosol FORmation Model (MAFOR) to Determine Improved VOC Emission Factors in Ship Plumes L. Fink et al. 10.3390/toxics12060432
- Eutrophication Exacerbates Microplastic Bioaccumulation Risks in Coastal Fish C. Liu et al. 10.1021/acs.est.4c14498
- Changes in the impacts of ship emissions on PM2.5 and its components in China under the staged fuel oil policies G. Yu et al. 10.5194/acp-25-9497-2025
Latest update: 30 Oct 2025
Short summary
                    The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations in numerous cities along the Mediterranean coast have detected high levels of air pollutants originating from shipping emissions. The current study investigates how existing restrictions on shipping-related emissions to the atmosphere ensure compliance with legislation. Focus was laid on fine particles and particle species, which were simulated with five different chemical transport models.
                    The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations...
                    
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