Articles | Volume 23, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Sep 2023
Research article |
| 12 Sep 2023
| 12 Sep 2023
A multimodel evaluation of the potential impact of shipping on particle species in the Mediterranean Sea
Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Matthias Karl
Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Volker Matthias
Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Coastal Environmental
Chemistry, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
Sonia Oppo
AtmoSud, Air Quality Observatory in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, 13006 Marseille, France
Richard Kranenburg
TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
Jeroen Kuenen
TNO, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
Sara Jutterström
IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 411 33 Gothenburg,
Sweden
Jana Moldanova
IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 411 33 Gothenburg,
Sweden
Elisa Majamäki
FMI, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen
FMI, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560 Helsinki, Finland
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Cited
11 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synergistic effects of CO2 and air pollutants from ship emissions in Shanghai, China: Spatial-temporal characteristics, prediction assessment, policy implications Y. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124417
- Across land, sea, and mountains: sulphate aerosol sources and transport dynamics over the northern Apennines M. Bettineschi et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00035A
- Analysis of chemical and transport processes of biogenic aerosols over the northern Apennines: insights from the WRF-CHIMERE model B. Vitali et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EA00040D
- A review of the CAMx, CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NAQPMS models: Application, evaluation and uncertainty factors Z. Gao & X. Zhou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123183
- A hybrid modelling approach for estimating emissions from ship manoeuvres in port areas: Integrating pilot experience and machine learning L. Kaba et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124280
- Measurement report: In-depth characterization of ship emissions during operations in a Mediterranean port L. Le Berre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025
- Using the Multicomponent Aerosol FORmation Model (MAFOR) to Determine Improved VOC Emission Factors in Ship Plumes L. Fink et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12060432
- Eutrophication Exacerbates Microplastic Bioaccumulation Risks in Coastal Fish C. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c14498
- Assessing the impact of ship emissions on the atmospheric chemical composition in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Piraeus port (Greece) A. Poupkou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33968-7
- Changes in the impacts of ship emissions on PM2.5 and its components in China under the staged fuel oil policies G. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9497-2025
- Drivers and environmental impacts of Arctic shipping W. Yi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-026-00790-2
11 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Synergistic effects of CO2 and air pollutants from ship emissions in Shanghai, China: Spatial-temporal characteristics, prediction assessment, policy implications Y. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124417
- Across land, sea, and mountains: sulphate aerosol sources and transport dynamics over the northern Apennines M. Bettineschi et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00035A
- Analysis of chemical and transport processes of biogenic aerosols over the northern Apennines: insights from the WRF-CHIMERE model B. Vitali et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EA00040D
- A review of the CAMx, CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NAQPMS models: Application, evaluation and uncertainty factors Z. Gao & X. Zhou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123183
- A hybrid modelling approach for estimating emissions from ship manoeuvres in port areas: Integrating pilot experience and machine learning L. Kaba et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.124280
- Measurement report: In-depth characterization of ship emissions during operations in a Mediterranean port L. Le Berre et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025
- Using the Multicomponent Aerosol FORmation Model (MAFOR) to Determine Improved VOC Emission Factors in Ship Plumes L. Fink et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12060432
- Eutrophication Exacerbates Microplastic Bioaccumulation Risks in Coastal Fish C. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c14498
- Assessing the impact of ship emissions on the atmospheric chemical composition in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Piraeus port (Greece) A. Poupkou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33968-7
- Changes in the impacts of ship emissions on PM2.5 and its components in China under the staged fuel oil policies G. Yu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9497-2025
- Drivers and environmental impacts of Arctic shipping W. Yi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-026-00790-2
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations in numerous cities along the Mediterranean coast have detected high levels of air pollutants originating from shipping emissions. The current study investigates how existing restrictions on shipping-related emissions to the atmosphere ensure compliance with legislation. Focus was laid on fine particles and particle species, which were simulated with five different chemical transport models.
The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations...
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