Articles | Volume 21, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13593-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13593-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Supercooled liquid water and secondary ice production in Kelvin–Helmholtz instability as revealed by radar Doppler spectra observations
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Alexei Korolev
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Canada
Dmitri Moisseev
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct secondary ice production processes observed in radar Doppler spectra: insights from a case study A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10207-2023
- Compressible Kelvin–Helmholtz instability with nonequilibrium effect under external force H. Lai et al. 10.1063/5.0275532
- Two-year statistics of columnar-ice production in stratiform clouds over Hyytiälä, Finland: environmental conditions and the relevance to secondary ice production H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-21-14671-2021
- Hydrometeor Classification of Winter Precipitation in Northern China Based on Multi-Platform Radar Observation System Y. Chen et al. 10.3390/rs13245070
- Improved spectral processing for a multi-mode pulse compression Ka–Ku-band cloud radar system H. Ding et al. 10.5194/amt-15-6181-2022
- Unraveling ice multiplication in winter orographic clouds via in-situ observations, remote sensing and modeling P. Georgakaki et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00671-9
- Observation of secondary ice production in clouds at low temperatures A. Korolev et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13103-2022
- Influence of phase difference and amplitude ratio on Kelvin–Helmholtz instability with dual-mode interface perturbations H. Xu et al. 10.1063/5.0247912
- Simulations of spectral polarimetric variables measured in rain at W-band I. Tsikoudi et al. 10.5194/amt-18-4857-2025
- The impacts of secondary ice production on microphysics and dynamics in tropical convection Z. Qu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12287-2022
- Using Polarimetric Radar Observations to Characterize First Echoes of Thunderstorms and Nonthunderstorms: A Comparative Study C. Zhao et al. 10.1029/2022JD036671
- Atmospheric drivers of post-monsoon and winter thunderstorms in Central India U. Krishna et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179432
- Detection and Retrieval of Supercooled Water in Stratocumulus Clouds over Northeastern China Using Millimeter-Wave Radar and Microwave Radiometer H. Hu et al. 10.3390/rs16173232
- Snowfall Microphysics Characterized by PARSIVEL Disdrometer Observations in Beijing from 2020 to 2022 Y. Shen et al. 10.3390/rs14236025
- Identification of multiple co-located hydrometeor types in Doppler spectra from scanning polarimetric cloud radar observations M. Hajipour et al. 10.5194/amt-18-5199-2025
- Drizzle microphysical property and vertical air motions retrieval using Doppler lidar and radar measurements H. Di et al. 10.1364/OE.522964
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Distinct secondary ice production processes observed in radar Doppler spectra: insights from a case study A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10207-2023
- Compressible Kelvin–Helmholtz instability with nonequilibrium effect under external force H. Lai et al. 10.1063/5.0275532
- Two-year statistics of columnar-ice production in stratiform clouds over Hyytiälä, Finland: environmental conditions and the relevance to secondary ice production H. Li et al. 10.5194/acp-21-14671-2021
- Hydrometeor Classification of Winter Precipitation in Northern China Based on Multi-Platform Radar Observation System Y. Chen et al. 10.3390/rs13245070
- Improved spectral processing for a multi-mode pulse compression Ka–Ku-band cloud radar system H. Ding et al. 10.5194/amt-15-6181-2022
- Unraveling ice multiplication in winter orographic clouds via in-situ observations, remote sensing and modeling P. Georgakaki et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00671-9
- Observation of secondary ice production in clouds at low temperatures A. Korolev et al. 10.5194/acp-22-13103-2022
- Influence of phase difference and amplitude ratio on Kelvin–Helmholtz instability with dual-mode interface perturbations H. Xu et al. 10.1063/5.0247912
- Simulations of spectral polarimetric variables measured in rain at W-band I. Tsikoudi et al. 10.5194/amt-18-4857-2025
- The impacts of secondary ice production on microphysics and dynamics in tropical convection Z. Qu et al. 10.5194/acp-22-12287-2022
- Using Polarimetric Radar Observations to Characterize First Echoes of Thunderstorms and Nonthunderstorms: A Comparative Study C. Zhao et al. 10.1029/2022JD036671
- Atmospheric drivers of post-monsoon and winter thunderstorms in Central India U. Krishna et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179432
- Detection and Retrieval of Supercooled Water in Stratocumulus Clouds over Northeastern China Using Millimeter-Wave Radar and Microwave Radiometer H. Hu et al. 10.3390/rs16173232
- Snowfall Microphysics Characterized by PARSIVEL Disdrometer Observations in Beijing from 2020 to 2022 Y. Shen et al. 10.3390/rs14236025
- Identification of multiple co-located hydrometeor types in Doppler spectra from scanning polarimetric cloud radar observations M. Hajipour et al. 10.5194/amt-18-5199-2025
- Drizzle microphysical property and vertical air motions retrieval using Doppler lidar and radar measurements H. Di et al. 10.1364/OE.522964
Latest update: 06 Nov 2025
Short summary
Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) clouds embedded in a stratiform precipitation event were uncovered via radar Doppler spectral analysis. Given the unprecedented detail of the observations, we show that multiple populations of secondary ice columns were generated in the pockets where larger cloud droplets are formed and not at some constant level within the cloud. Our results highlight that the K–H instability is favorable for liquid droplet growth and secondary ice formation.
Kelvin–Helmholtz (K–H) clouds embedded in a stratiform precipitation event were uncovered via...
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