Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: the importance of lower ionospheric chemistry

Kalakoski, Niilo; Verronen, Pekka T.; Seppälä, Annika; Szeląg, Monika E.; Kero, Antti; Marsh, Daniel R.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

Articles | Volume 20, issue 14

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 20, issue 14

Research article

|

28 Jul 2020

Research article |

| 28 Jul 2020

Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: the importance of lower ionospheric chemistry

Niilo Kalakoski, Pekka T. Verronen, Annika Seppälä, Monika E. Szeląg, Antti Kero, and Daniel R. Marsh

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Final revised paper (published on 28 Jul 2020)
Preprint (discussion started on 17 Jan 2020)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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- Supplement

RC1: 'Review of N. Kalakoski et al. paper', Anonymous Referee #3, 30 Jan 2020
RC2: 'Review of Kalakoski et al', Anonymous Referee #2, 14 Feb 2020
RC3: 'review', Anonymous Referee #1, 14 Feb 2020
AC1: 'Author answers to comments to manuscript acp-2019-1133', Niilo Kalakoski, 08 May 2020

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Niilo Kalakoski on behalf of the Authors (13 May 2020) Author's response Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (05 Jun 2020) by Gabriele Stiller

Short summary

Effects of solar proton events (SPEs) on middle atmosphere chemistry were studied using the WACCM-D chemistry–climate model, including an improved representation of lower ionosphere ion chemistry. This study includes 66 events in the years 1989–2012 and uses a statistical approach to determine the impact of the improved chemistry scheme. The differences shown highlight the importance of ion chemistry in models used to study energetic particle precipitation.