Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: the importance of lower ionospheric chemistry

Kalakoski, Niilo; Verronen, Pekka T.; Seppälä, Annika; Szeląg, Monika E.; Kero, Antti; Marsh, Daniel R.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

Articles | Volume 20, issue 14

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8923-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 20, issue 14

Research article

|

28 Jul 2020

Research article |

| 28 Jul 2020

Statistical response of middle atmosphere composition to solar proton events in WACCM-D simulations: the importance of lower ionospheric chemistry

Niilo Kalakoski, Pekka T. Verronen, Annika Seppälä, Monika E. Szeląg, Antti Kero, and Daniel R. Marsh

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Final revised paper (published on 28 Jul 2020)
Preprint (discussion started on 17 Jan 2020)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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- Supplement

RC1: 'Review of N. Kalakoski et al. paper', Anonymous Referee #3, 30 Jan 2020
RC2: 'Review of Kalakoski et al', Anonymous Referee #2, 14 Feb 2020
RC3: 'review', Anonymous Referee #1, 14 Feb 2020
AC1: 'Author answers to comments to manuscript acp-2019-1133', Niilo Kalakoski, 08 May 2020

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Niilo Kalakoski on behalf of the Authors (13 May 2020) Author's response Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (05 Jun 2020) by Gabriele Stiller

AR by Niilo Kalakoski on behalf of the Authors (08 Jun 2020)

Short summary

Effects of solar proton events (SPEs) on middle atmosphere chemistry were studied using the WACCM-D chemistry–climate model, including an improved representation of lower ionosphere ion chemistry. This study includes 66 events in the years 1989–2012 and uses a statistical approach to determine the impact of the improved chemistry scheme. The differences shown highlight the importance of ion chemistry in models used to study energetic particle precipitation.