Articles | Volume 20, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10707-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10707-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Sep 2020
Research article |
| 11 Sep 2020
| 11 Sep 2020
Attribution of ground-level ozone to anthropogenic and natural sources of nitrogen oxides and reactive carbon in a global chemical transport model
Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany
Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
Aurelia Lupascu
Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany
Aditya Nalam
Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany
Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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Cited
62 citations as recorded by crossref.
- How Have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long‐Range Transported Ozone to North America? R. Mathur et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036926
- Climate and Tropospheric Oxidizing Capacity A. Fiore et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-032320-090307
- Rapid increase in tropospheric ozone over Southeast Asia attributed to changes in precursor emission source regions and sectors S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119776
- Source contribution to ozone pollution during June 2021 fire events in Arizona: insights from WRF-Chem-tagged O3 and CO Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5591-2025
- Prediction of Tropospheric Ozone Levels from Land Surface Temperature in the Urban Area of Durango, Dgo., Mexico H. Ramírez-Aldaba et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/pollutants5010003
- Ozone source attribution in polluted European areas during summer 2017 as simulated with MECO(n) M. Kilian et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13503-2024
- Plant biochemistry influences tropospheric ozone formation, destruction, deposition, and response J. Wedow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.007
- Significant contribution of lightning NOx to summertime surface O3 on the Tibetan Plateau M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154639
- Envisioning an Integrated Assessment System and Observation Network for the North Atlantic Ocean L. Coleman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080955
- Underappreciated roles of soil nitrogen oxide emissions on global acute health burden S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109087
- Complex interplay between transboundary ozone and domestic emissions shapes surface ozone pollution in China W. Tao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01379-8
- Surface ozone distribution and trends over Ireland: insights from long-term measurement record and source attribution modelling N. Korhale et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6557-2026
- Mechanisms driving altitude- and latitude-dependent air quality variations from high-altitude NOx emissions L. Oh et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01324-9
- Source attribution of nitrogen oxides across Germany: Comparing the labelling approach and brute force technique with LOTOS-EUROS M. Thürkow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119412
- Impacts of atmospheric particulate matter deposition on phytoplankton: A review V. Thiagarajan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175280
- Research progress in ozone generation technology and applications: A review L. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2026.108460
- Contribution of atmospheric circulations changes to the variations of summertime lower tropospheric ozone over East Asia during recent decades L. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106852
- Urban ozone formation and sensitivities to volatile chemical products, cooking emissions, and NOx upwind of and within two Los Angeles Basin cities C. Stockwell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1121-2025
- Assessment of the impacts of anthropogenic ozone precursors on domestic and transboundary ozone concentrations using a high-resolution global chemistry model D. Goto et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00791-7
- A New Index Developed for Fast Diagnosis of Meteorological Roles in Ground-Level Ozone Variations W. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1257-x
- Impacts of sectoral, regional, species, and day-specific emissions on air pollution and public health in Washington, DC M. Nawaz et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00043
- The impact of short-lived climate pollutants on the human health N. Mathew et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epm.2024.04.001
- Source attribution of near-surface ozone trends in the United States during 1995–2019 P. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5403-2023
- Temperature dependence of tropospheric ozone under NOx reductions over Germany N. Otero et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118334
- Future tropospheric ozone budget and distribution over east Asia under a net-zero scenario X. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023
- Learning from the COVID-19 lockdown in berlin: Observations and modelling to support understanding policies to reduce NO2. E. von Schneidemesser et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100122
- Attribution of surface ozone to NOx and volatile organic compound sources during two different high ozone events A. Lupaşcu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11675-2022
- Temperature responses from methane mitigation approaches vary widely due to non-methane impacts S. Abernethy et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad60e0
- Impact of Climate Variability and Change on the Surface Ozone Response to NOx Emissions Reductions E. Le Roy et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c01347
- Regional and sectoral contributions of NOx and reactive carbon emission sources to global trends in tropospheric ozone during the 2000–2018 period A. Nalam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5287-2025
- Air quality and related health impact in the UNECE region: source attribution and scenario analysis C. Belis & R. Van Dingenen https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8225-2023
- National and transboundary contributions to surface ozone concentration across European countries R. Garatachea et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01716-w
- Monthly and annual oscillation of methane and ozone in eastern India using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI: assessment and validation A. Ghosh & S. Manna https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35755-9
- Secluding the vegetation of India in retaliation to tropospheric ozone: a mechanistic approach H. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44279-024-00042-1
- Climate Change, Air Quality, and Pollen Allergies—State of the Art and Recommendations for Research and Public Health J. Augustin et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70159
- The contribution of transport emissions to ozone mixing ratios and methane lifetime in 2015 and 2050 in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) M. Mertens et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12079-2024
- Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone: Source Impacts and Attributable Mortalities S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c00339
- Health-Oriented Strategy for Clean Air and Climate Actions: Differential Health Effects of Atmospheric Components T. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071723-015722
- Dynamic evaluation of modeled ozone concentrations in Germany with four chemistry transport models M. Thürkow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167665
- Tropospheric ozone trends and attributions over East and Southeast Asia in 1995–2019: an integrated assessment using statistical methods, machine learning models, and multiple chemical transport models X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025
- Effects of different emission inventories on tropospheric ozone and methane lifetime C. Acquah et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13665-2025
- Investigating ozone build-up in the east of England during the July 2015 heat wave J. Romero-Alvarez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179464
- Investigating ground-level ozone pollution in semi-arid and arid regions of Arizona using WRF-Chem v4.4 modeling Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4331-2024
- Study on the spatiotemporal dynamic of ground-level ozone concentrations on multiple scales across China during the blue sky protection campaign B. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107606
- AI-Driven Methane Emission Prediction in Rice Paddies: A Machine Learning and Explainability Framework A. Sengupta et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/methane4040028
- Explaining trends and changing seasonal cycles of surface ozone in North America and Europe over the 2000–2018 period: a global modelling study with NOx and VOC tagging T. Ansari et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16833-2025
- Ozone exposure response on physiological and biochemical parameters vis-a-vis secondary metabolites in a traditional medicinal plant Sida cordifolia L. N. Ansari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116267
- CyanoHABs and CAPs: assessing community-based monitoring of PM2.5 with regional sources of pollution in rural, northeastern North Carolina H. Plaas et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00020C
- Summertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in the Madrid region (Spain) D. de la Paz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4949-2024
- Sustainable conversion of natural gas to hydrogen using transition metal carbides M. Abdullah & B. Sajjadi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.09.354
- Emerging ozone generation strategies: mechanistic insights and application-driven developments F. Ali et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01992G
- Ice Sheet Melt and Ozone Hole Variations on Three Solar Cycles Possible Anthropogenic Interactions M. Hagen & A. Azevedo https://doi.org/10.4236/acs.2022.123032
- Recent trends in ozone sensing technology M. Iqbal et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3AY00334E
- Representing improved tropospheric ozone distribution over the Northern Hemisphere by including lightning NOx emissions in CHIMERE S. Ghosh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6273-2025
- Progress of ship exhaust gas control technology J. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149437
- Short-Term Ozone Exposure and Daily Mortality in Suburban and Rural Areas of Southern Europe M. Doronzo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050625
- Implementation of an On-Line Reactive Source Apportionment (ORSA) Algorithm in the FARM Chemical-Transport Model and Application over Multiple Domains in Italy G. Calori et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020191
- Source attribution of near-surface ozone pollution in Jiangsu Province of China over 2013–2019 S. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121205
- Understanding the kinetics and atmospheric degradation mechanism of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CF2CFCl) initiated by OH radicals S. Balsini et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CP00161J
- Meteorologically Driven Changes in Future Global Air Quality: Physical and Monetized Impacts E. McDuffie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14713
- Sources of surface O3 in the UK: tagging O3 within WRF-Chem J. Romero-Alvarez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13797-2022
- Revisiting the direct and indirect impacts of enteric methane using a One Health perspective E. Pressman & E. Kebreab https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfaf010
62 citations as recorded by crossref.
- How Have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long‐Range Transported Ozone to North America? R. Mathur et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036926
- Climate and Tropospheric Oxidizing Capacity A. Fiore et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-032320-090307
- Rapid increase in tropospheric ozone over Southeast Asia attributed to changes in precursor emission source regions and sectors S. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119776
- Source contribution to ozone pollution during June 2021 fire events in Arizona: insights from WRF-Chem-tagged O3 and CO Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5591-2025
- Prediction of Tropospheric Ozone Levels from Land Surface Temperature in the Urban Area of Durango, Dgo., Mexico H. Ramírez-Aldaba et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/pollutants5010003
- Ozone source attribution in polluted European areas during summer 2017 as simulated with MECO(n) M. Kilian et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13503-2024
- Plant biochemistry influences tropospheric ozone formation, destruction, deposition, and response J. Wedow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.007
- Significant contribution of lightning NOx to summertime surface O3 on the Tibetan Plateau M. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154639
- Envisioning an Integrated Assessment System and Observation Network for the North Atlantic Ocean L. Coleman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12080955
- Underappreciated roles of soil nitrogen oxide emissions on global acute health burden S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109087
- Complex interplay between transboundary ozone and domestic emissions shapes surface ozone pollution in China W. Tao et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01379-8
- Surface ozone distribution and trends over Ireland: insights from long-term measurement record and source attribution modelling N. Korhale et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6557-2026
- Mechanisms driving altitude- and latitude-dependent air quality variations from high-altitude NOx emissions L. Oh et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01324-9
- Source attribution of nitrogen oxides across Germany: Comparing the labelling approach and brute force technique with LOTOS-EUROS M. Thürkow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119412
- Impacts of atmospheric particulate matter deposition on phytoplankton: A review V. Thiagarajan et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175280
- Research progress in ozone generation technology and applications: A review L. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2026.108460
- Contribution of atmospheric circulations changes to the variations of summertime lower tropospheric ozone over East Asia during recent decades L. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106852
- Urban ozone formation and sensitivities to volatile chemical products, cooking emissions, and NOx upwind of and within two Los Angeles Basin cities C. Stockwell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1121-2025
- Assessment of the impacts of anthropogenic ozone precursors on domestic and transboundary ozone concentrations using a high-resolution global chemistry model D. Goto et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00791-7
- A New Index Developed for Fast Diagnosis of Meteorological Roles in Ground-Level Ozone Variations W. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1257-x
- Impacts of sectoral, regional, species, and day-specific emissions on air pollution and public health in Washington, DC M. Nawaz et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00043
- The impact of short-lived climate pollutants on the human health N. Mathew et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epm.2024.04.001
- Source attribution of near-surface ozone trends in the United States during 1995–2019 P. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5403-2023
- Temperature dependence of tropospheric ozone under NOx reductions over Germany N. Otero et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118334
- Future tropospheric ozone budget and distribution over east Asia under a net-zero scenario X. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023
- Learning from the COVID-19 lockdown in berlin: Observations and modelling to support understanding policies to reduce NO2. E. von Schneidemesser et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100122
- Attribution of surface ozone to NOx and volatile organic compound sources during two different high ozone events A. Lupaşcu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11675-2022
- Temperature responses from methane mitigation approaches vary widely due to non-methane impacts S. Abernethy et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad60e0
- Impact of Climate Variability and Change on the Surface Ozone Response to NOx Emissions Reductions E. Le Roy et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c01347
- Regional and sectoral contributions of NOx and reactive carbon emission sources to global trends in tropospheric ozone during the 2000–2018 period A. Nalam et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5287-2025
- Air quality and related health impact in the UNECE region: source attribution and scenario analysis C. Belis & R. Van Dingenen https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8225-2023
- National and transboundary contributions to surface ozone concentration across European countries R. Garatachea et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01716-w
- Monthly and annual oscillation of methane and ozone in eastern India using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI: assessment and validation A. Ghosh & S. Manna https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-35755-9
- Secluding the vegetation of India in retaliation to tropospheric ozone: a mechanistic approach H. Singh et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44279-024-00042-1
- Climate Change, Air Quality, and Pollen Allergies—State of the Art and Recommendations for Research and Public Health J. Augustin et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70159
- The contribution of transport emissions to ozone mixing ratios and methane lifetime in 2015 and 2050 in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) M. Mertens et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12079-2024
- Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone: Source Impacts and Attributable Mortalities S. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c00339
- Health-Oriented Strategy for Clean Air and Climate Actions: Differential Health Effects of Atmospheric Components T. Xue et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071723-015722
- Dynamic evaluation of modeled ozone concentrations in Germany with four chemistry transport models M. Thürkow et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167665
- Tropospheric ozone trends and attributions over East and Southeast Asia in 1995–2019: an integrated assessment using statistical methods, machine learning models, and multiple chemical transport models X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025
- Effects of different emission inventories on tropospheric ozone and methane lifetime C. Acquah et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13665-2025
- Investigating ozone build-up in the east of England during the July 2015 heat wave J. Romero-Alvarez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179464
- Investigating ground-level ozone pollution in semi-arid and arid regions of Arizona using WRF-Chem v4.4 modeling Y. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4331-2024
- Study on the spatiotemporal dynamic of ground-level ozone concentrations on multiple scales across China during the blue sky protection campaign B. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107606
- AI-Driven Methane Emission Prediction in Rice Paddies: A Machine Learning and Explainability Framework A. Sengupta et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/methane4040028
- Explaining trends and changing seasonal cycles of surface ozone in North America and Europe over the 2000–2018 period: a global modelling study with NOx and VOC tagging T. Ansari et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16833-2025
- Ozone exposure response on physiological and biochemical parameters vis-a-vis secondary metabolites in a traditional medicinal plant Sida cordifolia L. N. Ansari et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116267
- CyanoHABs and CAPs: assessing community-based monitoring of PM2.5 with regional sources of pollution in rural, northeastern North Carolina H. Plaas et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00020C
- Summertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in the Madrid region (Spain) D. de la Paz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4949-2024
- Sustainable conversion of natural gas to hydrogen using transition metal carbides M. Abdullah & B. Sajjadi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.09.354
- Emerging ozone generation strategies: mechanistic insights and application-driven developments F. Ali et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01992G
- Ice Sheet Melt and Ozone Hole Variations on Three Solar Cycles Possible Anthropogenic Interactions M. Hagen & A. Azevedo https://doi.org/10.4236/acs.2022.123032
- Recent trends in ozone sensing technology M. Iqbal et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3AY00334E
- Representing improved tropospheric ozone distribution over the Northern Hemisphere by including lightning NOx emissions in CHIMERE S. Ghosh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6273-2025
- Progress of ship exhaust gas control technology J. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149437
- Short-Term Ozone Exposure and Daily Mortality in Suburban and Rural Areas of Southern Europe M. Doronzo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16050625
- Implementation of an On-Line Reactive Source Apportionment (ORSA) Algorithm in the FARM Chemical-Transport Model and Application over Multiple Domains in Italy G. Calori et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020191
- Source attribution of near-surface ozone pollution in Jiangsu Province of China over 2013–2019 S. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121205
- Understanding the kinetics and atmospheric degradation mechanism of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CF2CFCl) initiated by OH radicals S. Balsini et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3CP00161J
- Meteorologically Driven Changes in Future Global Air Quality: Physical and Monetized Impacts E. McDuffie et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c14713
- Sources of surface O3 in the UK: tagging O3 within WRF-Chem J. Romero-Alvarez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13797-2022
- Revisiting the direct and indirect impacts of enteric methane using a One Health perspective E. Pressman & E. Kebreab https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfaf010
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 06 Aug 2026
Short summary
Ground-level ozone (O3) is not directly emitted; it is formed chemically in the atmosphere. Some ground-level O3 is transported from the stratosphere, but most O3 is produced from reactive precursors that are emitted by both natural and anthropogenic sources. We present the results of a novel source apportionment method for ground-level O3. Our results are consistent with previous work and also provide new insights. In particular, we highlight the roles of methane and international shipping.
Ground-level ozone (O3) is not directly emitted; it is formed chemically in the atmosphere. Some...
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