Long-range-transported bioaerosols captured in snow cover on Mount Tateyama, Japan: impacts of Asian-dust events on airborne bacterial dynamics relating to ice-nucleation activities

Maki, Teruya; Furumoto, Shogo; Asahi, Yuya; Lee, Kevin C.; Watanabe, Koichi; Aoki, Kazuma; Murakami, Masataka; Tajiri, Takuya; Hasegawa, Hiroshi; Mashio, Asami; Iwasaka, Yasunobu

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8155-2018

Articles | Volume 18, issue 11

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8155-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Anthropogenic dust and its climate impact

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8155-2018

© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 18, issue 11

Research article

|

08 Jun 2018

Research article |

| 08 Jun 2018

Long-range-transported bioaerosols captured in snow cover on Mount Tateyama, Japan: impacts of Asian-dust events on airborne bacterial dynamics relating to ice-nucleation activities

Teruya Maki, Shogo Furumoto, Yuya Asahi, Kevin C. Lee, Koichi Watanabe, Kazuma Aoki, Masataka Murakami, Takuya Tajiri, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Asami Mashio, and Yasunobu Iwasaka

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Interactive discussion

Status: closed

AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment

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RC1: 'comments', Anonymous Referee #1, 30 Jan 2018
- AC1: 'Response to the comments of Referee 1', Teruya Maki, 15 Apr 2018
RC2: 'Comment on paper by T. Maki et al', Anonymous Referee #2, 13 Feb 2018
- AC2: 'Response to the comments of Referee 2', Teruya Maki, 15 Apr 2018

Peer-review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision

AR by Teruya Maki on behalf of the Authors (16 Apr 2018) Author's response Manuscript

ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (22 Apr 2018) by Jianping Huang

RR by Anonymous Referee #2 (23 Apr 2018)

RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (03 May 2018)

Suggestions for revision or reasons for rejection

The revision has substantially improved the manuscript. There are only a few minor issues left to be clarified or corrected.

page 2, line 10: “…Asian dust deposition…” does not make sense to me in the context of this sentence. Perhaps you mean “…Asian dust sources…” or “Asian dust emission…”?

page 2, line 17: “cloud ice” instead of “ice-cloud” (same on page 3, line 1, line 2, and in other places). “Ice cloud” is a fully glaciated cloud, consisting of ice particles only. Biological ice-nucleating particles initiate the formation of “cloud ice” in clouds consisting of liquid droplets, thereby turning them into mixed-phase clouds (mixture of liquid droplets and ice particles).

page 2, line 22: the cited paper (Morris et al., 2004) is missing in the list of references.

page 4, line 30: “arminium”, do you mean “aluminium”?

page 5, line 6: “ice nuclei”, not “ice-nucleic”

page 6, line 16: add “had” before “avoided”

page 6, line 28: delete “are” before “originate”

page 7, line 2: “were formed”, not “would be formed”

page 7, line 25: do you mean “fluctuated around 10^5 particles mL^-1”?

page 8, lines 8 and 9: The sentence beginning with “The freezing temperature…” is not clear to me. Perhaps re-formulate in this way: “The temperature at which half of the tested droplets in a sample were frozen was higher in the snow samples…”

page 8, line 10 (and in other places): “ice-nuclei particles” is an unusual expression. More common is “ice nucleating particles” or briefly “INPs”.

page 8, line 24: “ice”, not “ices”

page 8, line 25: when writing about a generally accepted fact, such as that culturable microorganisms make up 1% to 10% of environmental microbial communities, you should use the present tense.

page 9, line 9: change “that” to “than”

page 9, last line: I do not understand this part of the sentence: “…and Bacilli members have been focused on ice nuclear agents (…).”

page 10, line 11: “…marine bacterial transportation…”, do you mean “…marine bacteria transported…”?

page 10, line 31: “dirty”, not “derty”

Table 1 needs re-formatting, so that titles and column headers are readable. Also, please describe more clearly the abbreviations (footnote **). The same applies to the legend of Figure 6. Perhaps “initial freezing temperature” could be replaced with “temperature at which the first drop froze” (and “end-freezing temperature” could be replaced with “temperature at which all drops were frozen”).

In the legends of Tables 1 and 2, “Relatives” should probably be replaced with “Relation”.

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ED: Publish as is (10 May 2018) by Jianping Huang

AR by Teruya Maki on behalf of the Authors (14 May 2018)

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Short summary

Atmospheric bacteria are thought to act as ice nuclei influencing the cloud formation. We used the aerosols captured in the snow cover on alpine mountain to investigate the sequential changes of ice-nucleation activities and bacterial communities at high elevation. The snow-cover samples exhibited high ice nucleation corresponding to the increase in natural and anthropogenic dust particles. Terrestrial bacteria (Bacilli) recorded in snow cover increased in relation to ice-nucleation activities.