Articles | Volume 18, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7019-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7019-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 May 2018
Research article |
| 23 May 2018
| 23 May 2018
Effectiveness evaluation of temporary emission control action in 2016 in winter in Shijiazhuang, China
Baoshuang Liu
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Yuan Cheng
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Ming Zhou
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Danni Liang
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Lu Wang
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Wei Jin
Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050022,
China
Lingzhi Zhang
Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050022,
China
Yibin Ren
Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050022,
China
Jingbo Zhou
Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050022,
China
Chunling Dai
Shijiazhuang Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050022,
China
Jiao Xu
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Jiao Wang
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Yufen Zhang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air
Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental
Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
Related authors
Baoshuang Liu, Yao Gu, Yutong Wu, Qili Dai, Shaojie Song, Yinchang Feng, and Philip K. Hopke
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-916, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-916, 2024
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Reactive loss of VOCs is a long-term issue yet to be resolved in VOC source analyses. This review assesses the common methods and existing issues of reducing losses, impacts of losses, and sources in current source analyses. We provided a potential supporting role in solving the issues of VOC conversion. Source analyses of consumed VOCs produced by reactions for O3 and secondary organic aerosols can play an important role in effective prevention and control of atmospheric secondary pollution.
Zhongwei Luo, Yan Han, Kun Hua, Yufen Zhang, Jianhui Wu, Xiaohui Bi, Qili Dai, Baoshuang Liu, Yang Chen, Xin Long, and Yinchang Feng
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6757–6771, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6757-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6757-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores how the variation in the source profiles adopted in chemical transport models (CTMs) impacts the simulated results of chemical components in PM2.5 based on sensitivity analysis. The impact on PM2.5 components cannot be ignored, and its influence can be transmitted and linked between components. The representativeness and timeliness of the source profile should be paid adequate attention in air quality simulation.
Baoshuang Liu, Yanyang Wang, He Meng, Qili Dai, Liuli Diao, Jianhui Wu, Laiyuan Shi, Jing Wang, Yufen Zhang, and Yinchang Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8597–8615, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8597-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8597-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding effectiveness of air pollution regulatory measures is critical for control policy. Machine learning and dispersion-normalized approaches were applied to decouple meteorologically deduced variations in Qingdao, China. Most pollutant concentrations decreased substantially after the Clean Air Action Plan. The largest emission reduction was from coal combustion and steel-related smelting. Qingdao is at risk of increased emissions from increased vehicular population and ozone pollution.
Baoshuang Liu, Yao Gu, Yutong Wu, Qili Dai, Shaojie Song, Yinchang Feng, and Philip K. Hopke
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-916, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-916, 2024
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Reactive loss of VOCs is a long-term issue yet to be resolved in VOC source analyses. This review assesses the common methods and existing issues of reducing losses, impacts of losses, and sources in current source analyses. We provided a potential supporting role in solving the issues of VOC conversion. Source analyses of consumed VOCs produced by reactions for O3 and secondary organic aerosols can play an important role in effective prevention and control of atmospheric secondary pollution.
Haoqi Wang, Xiao Tian, Wanting Zhao, Jiacheng Li, Haoyu Yu, Yinchang Feng, and Shaojie Song
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-479, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-479, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
pH is a key property of ambient aerosols affecting many atmospheric processes. As aerosol pH is a non-conservative parameter, diverse averaging metrics and temporal resolutions may influence its calculation results from thermodynamic models. This technical note seeks to quantitatively evaluate the average pH using varied metrics and resolutions. The ultimate goal is to establish standardized reporting practices in future research endeavors.
Zhongwei Luo, Yan Han, Kun Hua, Yufen Zhang, Jianhui Wu, Xiaohui Bi, Qili Dai, Baoshuang Liu, Yang Chen, Xin Long, and Yinchang Feng
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6757–6771, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6757-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6757-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores how the variation in the source profiles adopted in chemical transport models (CTMs) impacts the simulated results of chemical components in PM2.5 based on sensitivity analysis. The impact on PM2.5 components cannot be ignored, and its influence can be transmitted and linked between components. The representativeness and timeliness of the source profile should be paid adequate attention in air quality simulation.
Baoshuang Liu, Yanyang Wang, He Meng, Qili Dai, Liuli Diao, Jianhui Wu, Laiyuan Shi, Jing Wang, Yufen Zhang, and Yinchang Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8597–8615, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8597-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8597-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding effectiveness of air pollution regulatory measures is critical for control policy. Machine learning and dispersion-normalized approaches were applied to decouple meteorologically deduced variations in Qingdao, China. Most pollutant concentrations decreased substantially after the Clean Air Action Plan. The largest emission reduction was from coal combustion and steel-related smelting. Qingdao is at risk of increased emissions from increased vehicular population and ozone pollution.
Xinyao Feng, Yingze Tian, Qianqian Xue, Danlin Song, Fengxia Huang, and Yinchang Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16219–16235, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16219-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16219-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study focused on PM2.5 compositions and sources and explored their spatiotemporal and policy-related variations based on observation at 19 sites during wintertime of 2015–2019 in a fast-developing megacity. We found that PM2.5 compositions for the outermost zone in 2019 were similar to those for the core zone 2 or 3 years ago. Percentage contributions of coal and biomass combustion dramatically declined in the core zone, while the traffic source showed an increasing trend.
Yingze Tian, Yinchang Feng, Yongli Liang, Yixuan Li, Qianqian Xue, Zongbo Shi, Jingsha Xu, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-507, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-507, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Size distributions of inorganic and organic components in particulate matter (PM) can provide critical information on sources and pollution processes. Ions, elements, carbon fractions, n-alkanes, PAHs, hopanes and steranes in size-resolved PM were analyzed during one year in a northern Chinese megacity. Results reveal that size distributions of inorganic and organic aerosol components are dependent on seasons and pollution levels as a result of differing sources and physicochemical processes.
Ruihe Lyu, Zongbo Shi, Mohammed Salim Alam, Xuefang Wu, Di Liu, Tuan V. Vu, Christopher Stark, Pingqing Fu, Yinchang Feng, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10865–10881, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10865-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10865-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Severe pollution of the Beijing atmosphere is a frequent occurrence. The airborne particles which characterize the episodes of haze contain a wide range of chemical constituents but organic compounds make up a substantial proportion. In this study individual compounds are analysed under both haze and non-haze conditions, and the measurements are compared with samples collected in London, where the air pollution climate and sources are very different.
Qili Dai, Benjamin C. Schulze, Xiaohui Bi, Alexander A. T. Bui, Fangzhou Guo, Henry W. Wallace, Nancy P. Sanchez, James H. Flynn, Barry L. Lefer, Yinchang Feng, and Robert J. Griffin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 9641–9661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9641-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9641-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The formation processes of secondary organic aerosol remain to be fully understood. We reported the measurement data from two field campaigns within Houston, TX, to investigate the effects of aqueous-phase chemistry and photochemistry in processing oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) in winter and summer. Both photochemistry and aqueous-phase processing appear to facilitate more-oxidized OOA formation. The processing mechanism of less-oxidized OOA apparently depended on relative humidity.
Jing Ding, Pusheng Zhao, Jie Su, Qun Dong, Xiang Du, and Yufen Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7939–7954, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7939-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7939-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol acidity plays a key role in secondary aerosol formation. To provide a more comprehensive reference for aerosol pH and a basis for controlling secondary aerosol generation, this study used the latest data covering four seasons and different particle sizes to obtain the characteristics of aerosol pH and explore the main factors affecting aerosol pH and gas–particle partitioning in the Beijing area.
Xiaohui Bi, Qili Dai, Jianhui Wu, Qing Zhang, Wenhui Zhang, Ruixue Luo, Yuan Cheng, Jiaying Zhang, Lu Wang, Zhuojun Yu, Yufen Zhang, Yingze Tian, and Yinchang Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3223–3243, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3223-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3223-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Source profiles are of great importance for the application of receptor models in source apportionment studies, as they characterize specific sources from a chemical point of view, revealing the signatures of source emissions. Here, a total of 3326 chemical profiles of the main primary sources across China from 1987 to 2017 are reviewed. The results highlight the urgent need for increased investigation of more specific markers beyond routinely measured components to better discriminate sources.
Ruihe Lyu, Mohammed S. Alam, Christopher Stark, Ruixin Xu, Zongbo Shi, Yinchang Feng, and Roy M. Harrison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2233–2246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2233-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2233-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Organic matter comprises a substantial proportion of the mass of toxic airborne particles which cause poor health and premature death. In this paper, new measurements of three important groups of organic compounds are reported and are analysed to infer their sources and their contributions to airborne particle concentrations.
Benjamin C. Schulze, Henry W. Wallace, Alexander T. Bui, James H. Flynn, Matt H. Erickson, Sergio Alvarez, Qili Dai, Sascha Usenko, Rebecca J. Sheesley, and Robert J. Griffin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14217–14241, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14217-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14217-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric field measurements at a coastal site near Houston, TX, were used to investigate the influence of shipping vessel emissions on aerosol mass and composition over the Gulf of Mexico. Results suggest that, despite recent regulations, these vessels still produce a considerable fraction of inorganic and organic aerosol mass in the region. Secondary effects of shipping emissions on organic aerosol composition, such as influences on aerosol aging, were also identified.
Congbo Song, Yan Liu, Shida Sun, Luna Sun, Yanjie Zhang, Chao Ma, Jianfei Peng, Qian Li, Jinsheng Zhang, Qili Dai, Baoshuang Liu, Peng Wang, Yi Zhang, Ting Wang, Lin Wu, Min Hu, and Hongjun Mao
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-387, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-387, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Vehicular emission is a key contributor to ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx in Chinese megacities. Information on real-world emission factors (EFs) for a typical urban fleet is still limited. We found that improvement of fuel quality can significantly reduce feet-average EFs of VOCs (especially for BTEX). Our study provided implications for O3 control in China from the view of primary emission, and highlighted the importance of further control of evaporative emissions.
Xing Peng, Jian Gao, Guoliang Shi, Xurong Shi, Yanqi Huangfu, Jiayuan Liu, Yuechong Zhang, Yinchang Feng, Wei Wang, Ruoyu Ma, Cesunica E. Ivey, and Yi Deng
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-997, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
A finding here is that source emission dominates the level of pollutants and short-term meteorological condition determines the variation of pollutants. Primary source impact levels are mainly influenced by source emissions, and secondary source impact levels are mainly influenced by synoptic scale fluctuations and source emissions. The implications of results are for source apportionment analyses conducted with data from different geographical locations and under various weather conditions.
S. Han, Y. Zhang, J. Wu, X. Zhang, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, J. Ding, W. Yan, X. Bi, G. Shi, Z. Cai, Q. Yao, H. Huang, and Y. Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11165–11177, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11165-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11165-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
It is crucial for studying regional-scale PM pollution and for the development of efficient joint control policy to improve understanding of the regional background PM concentration. Based on the vertical variation periodic characteristics of particle mass concentration, the atmospheric boundary layer structure, as well as the vertical distribution of chemical composition and pollution source apportionment, a method to estimate regional background PM concentration is proposed.
Y. Z. Tian, J. Wang, X. Peng, G. L. Shi, and Y. C. Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9469–9479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9469-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9469-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Measurement report: Characteristics of nitrogen-containing organics in PM2.5 in Ürümqi, northwestern China – differential impacts of combustion of fresh and aged biomass materials
Measurement report: Bio-physicochemistry of tropical clouds at Maïdo (Réunion, Indian Ocean): overview of results from the BIO-MAÏDO campaign
Chemical properties and single-particle mixing state of soot aerosol in Houston during the TRACER campaign
Measurement report: Evaluation of the TOF-ACSM-CV for PM1.0 and PM2.5 measurements during the RITA-2021 field campaign
Sea salt reactivity over the northwest Atlantic: an in-depth look using the airborne ACTIVATE dataset
Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia
Morphological and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosol particles from ship emissions and biomass burning during a summer cruise measurement in the South China Sea
Tropical tropospheric aerosol sources and chemical composition observed at high altitude in the Bolivian Andes
Chemical composition, sources and formation mechanism of urban PM2.5 in Southwest China: a case study at the beginning of 2023
Chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosols at a high-altitude mountain site: a study of source apportionment
Composition and sources of carbonaceous aerosol in the European Arctic at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard (2017 to 2020)
Variation in chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol in different rural, urban, and mountain environments
Elucidating the mechanisms of atmospheric new particle formation in the highly polluted Po Valley, Italy
Roles of marine biota in the formation of atmospheric bioaerosols, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particles over the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean
Evolution of nucleophilic high molecular-weight organic compounds in ambient aerosols: a case study
Fractional solubility of iron in mineral dust aerosols over coastal Namibia: a link to marine biogenic emissions?
Real-world observations of reduced nitrogen and ultrafine particles in commercial cooking organic aerosol emissions
Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Montréal, Canada, and health risk assessment for potentially toxic elements
Physicochemical and temporal characteristics of individual atmospheric aerosol particles in urban Seoul during KORUS-AQ campaign: insights from single-particle analysis
Mass spectrometric analysis of unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosol particles long-range transported from wildfires in the Siberian Arctic
Short-term source apportionment of fine particulate matter with time-dependent profiles using SoFi Pro: exploring the reliability of rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to bihourly molecular and elemental tracer data
Particulate-bound alkyl nitrate pollution and formation mechanisms in Beijing, China
Non-negligible secondary contribution to brown carbon in autumn and winter: inspiration from particulate nitrated and oxygenated aromatic compounds in urban Beijing
Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon chromophores from wildfire plumes in the western USA using size-exclusion chromatography
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations
Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying preexisting particles – Part 1: Observational data analysis
Measurement report: Brown carbon aerosol in polluted urban air of the North China Plain – day–night differences in the chromophores and optical properties
Source apportionment of soot particles and aqueous-phase processing of black carbon coatings in an urban environment
Daytime and nighttime aerosol soluble iron formation in clean and slightly-polluted moisture air in a coastal city in eastern China
Impact of Weather Patterns and Meteorological Factors on PM2.5 and O3 during the Covid-19 Lockdown in China
Seasonal variations in composition and sources of atmospheric ultrafine particles in urban Beijing based on near-continuous measurements
Summertime response of ozone and fine particulate matter to mixing layer meteorology over the North China Plain
Trace elements in PM2.5 aerosols in East Asian outflow in the spring of 2018: emission, transport, and source apportionment
Measurement Report: Investigation on the sources and formation processes of dicarboxylic acids and related species in urban aerosols before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Jinan, East China
pH dependence of brown-carbon optical properties in cloud water
Oxidative potential in rural, suburban and city centre atmospheric environments in central Europe
Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean
Intra-event evolution of elemental and ionic concentrations in wet deposition in an urban environment
Spatial and diurnal variations of aerosol organosulfates in summertime Shanghai, China: potential influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate pollution
Bayesian Inference-Based Estimation of Hourly Primary and Secondary Organic Carbon at Suburban Hong Kong: Multi-temporal Scale Variations and Evolution Characteristics during PM2.5 episodes
Simultaneous organic aerosol source apportionment at two Antarctic sites reveals large-scale and eco-region specific components
Characterizing water-soluble brown carbon in fine particles in four typical cities in northwestern China during wintertime: integrating optical properties with chemical processes
Chemical composition-dependent hygroscopic behavior of individual ambient aerosol particles collected at a coastal site
Gas–particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds when wildfire smoke comes to town
Enrichment of calcium in sea spray aerosol: insights from bulk measurements and individual particle analysis during the R/V Xuelong cruise in the summertime in Ross Sea, Antarctica
Source apportionment study on particulate air pollution in two high-altitude Bolivian cities: La Paz and El Alto
Morphological features and water solubility of iron in aged fine aerosol particles over the Indian Ocean
What chemical species are responsible for new particle formation and growth in the Netherlands? A hybrid positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis using aerosol composition (ACSM) and size (SMPS)
Measurement report: Stoichiometry of dissolved iron and aluminum as an indicator of the factors controlling the fractional solubility of aerosol iron – results of the annual observations of size-fractionated aerosol particles in Japan
In-depth study of the formation processes of single atmospheric particles in the south-eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Yi-Jia Ma, Yu Xu, Ting Yang, Hong-Wei Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4331–4346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4331-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4331-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides field-based evidence about the differential impacts of combustion of fresh and aged biomass materials on aerosol nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in different seasons in Ürümqi, bridging the linkages between the observations and previous laboratory studies showing the formation mechanisms of NOCs.
Maud Leriche, Pierre Tulet, Laurent Deguillaume, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Agnès Borbon, Corinne Jambert, Valentin Duflot, Stéphan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Pamela Dominutti, Manon Rocco, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Samira El Gdachi, Maxence Brissy, Maroua Fathalli, Nicolas Maury, Bert Verreyken, Crist Amelynck, Niels Schoon, Valérie Gros, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickael Ribeiro, Eric Pique, Emmanuel Leclerc, Thierry Bourrianne, Axel Roy, Eric Moulin, Joël Barrie, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Péris, Christian Guadagno, Chatrapatty Bhugwant, Jean-Mathieu Tibere, Arnaud Tournigand, Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Anne-Marie Delort, Pierre Amato, Muriel Joly, Jean-Luc Baray, Pascal Renard, Angelica Bianco, Anne Réchou, and Guillaume Payen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4129–4155, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles in the atmosphere play a key role in climate change and air pollution. A large number of aerosol particles are formed from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs and secondary organic aerosols – SOA). An important field campaign was organized on Réunion in March–April 2019 to understand the formation of SOA in a tropical atmosphere mostly influenced by VOCs emitted by forest and in the presence of clouds. This work synthesizes the results of this campaign.
Ryan N. Farley, James E. Lee, Laura-Hélèna Rivellini, Alex K. Y. Lee, Rachael Dal Porto, Christopher D. Cappa, Kyle Gorkowski, Abu Sayeed Md Shawon, Katherine B. Benedict, Allison C. Aiken, Manvendra K. Dubey, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3953–3971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3953-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3953-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The black carbon aerosol composition and mixing state were characterized using a soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer. Single-particle measurements revealed the major role of atmospheric processing in modulating the black carbon mixing state. A significant fraction of soot particles were internally mixed with oxidized organic aerosol and sulfate, with implications for activation as cloud nuclei.
Xinya Liu, Bas Henzing, Arjan Hensen, Jan Mulder, Peng Yao, Danielle van Dinther, Jerry van Bronckhorst, Rujin Huang, and Ulrike Dusek
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3405–3420, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the time-of-flight aerosol chemical speciation monitor (TOF-ACSM) following the implementation of the PM2.5 aerodynamic lens and a capture vaporizer (CV). The results showed that it significantly improved the accuracy and precision of ACSM in the field observations. The paper elucidates the measurement outcomes of various instruments and provides an analysis of their biases. This comprehensive evaluation is expected to benefit the ACSM community and other aerosol field measurements.
Eva-Lou Edwards, Yonghoon Choi, Ewan C. Crosbie, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Claire E. Robinson, Michael A. Shook, Edward L. Winstead, Luke D. Ziemba, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3349–3378, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3349-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3349-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate Cl− depletion in sea salt particles over the northwest Atlantic from December 2021 to June 2022 using an airborne dataset. Losses of Cl− are greatest in May and least in December–February and March. Inorganic acidic species can account for all depletion observed for December–February, March, and June near Bermuda but none in May. Quantifying Cl− depletion as a percentage captures seasonal trends in depletion but fails to convey the effects it may have on atmospheric oxidation.
Yue Sun, Yujiao Zhu, Yanbin Qi, Lanxiadi Chen, Jiangshan Mu, Ye Shan, Yu Yang, Yanqiu Nie, Ping Liu, Can Cui, Ji Zhang, Mingxuan Liu, Lingli Zhang, Yufei Wang, Xinfeng Wang, Mingjin Tang, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3241–3256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Field observations were conducted at the summit of Changbai Mountain in northeast Asia. The cumulative number concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) varied from 1.6 × 10−3 to 78.3 L−1 over the temperature range of −5.5 to −29.0 ℃. Biological INPs (bio-INPs) accounted for the majority of INPs, and the proportion exceeded 90% above −13.0 ℃. Planetary boundary layer height, valley breezes, and long-distance transport of air mass influence the abundance of bio-INPs.
Cuizhi Sun, Yongyun Zhang, Baoling Liang, Min Gao, Xi Sun, Fei Li, Xue Ni, Qibin Sun, Hengjia Ou, Dexian Chen, Shengzhen Zhou, and Jun Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3043–3063, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3043-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3043-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In a May–June 2021 expedition in the South China Sea, we analyzed black and brown carbon in marine aerosols, key to light absorption and climate impact. Using advanced in situ and microscope techniques, we observed particle size, structure, and tar balls mixed with various elements. Results showed biomass burning and fossil fuels majorly influence light absorption, especially during significant burning events. This research aids the understanding of carbonaceous aerosols' role in marine climate.
C. Isabel Moreno, Radovan Krejci, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Andrés Alastuey, Marcos F. Andrade, Valeria Mardóñez, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Diego Aliaga, Claudia Mohr, Laura Ticona, Fernando Velarde, Luis Blacutt, Ricardo Forno, David N. Whiteman, Alfred Wiedensohler, Patrick Ginot, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2837–2860, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol chemical composition (ions, sugars, carbonaceous matter) from 2011 to 2020 was studied at Mt. Chacaltaya (5380 m a.s.l., Bolivian Andes). Minimum concentrations occur in the rainy season with maxima in the dry and transition seasons. The origins of the aerosol are located in a radius of hundreds of kilometers: nearby urban and rural areas, natural biogenic emissions, vegetation burning from Amazonia and Chaco, Pacific Ocean emissions, soil dust, and Peruvian volcanism.
Junke Zhang, Yunfei Su, Chunying Chen, Wenkai Guo, Qinwen Tan, Miao Feng, Danlin Song, Tao Jiang, Qiang Chen, Yuan Li, Wei Li, Yizhi Wang, Xiaojuan Huang, Lin Han, Wanqing Wu, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2803–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Typical haze events in Chengdu at the beginning of 2023 were investigated with bulk-chemical and single-particle analyses along with numerical model simulations. By integrating the obtained chemical composition, source, mixing state and numerical simulation results, we infer that Haze-1 was mainly caused by pollutants related to fossil fuel combustion, especially local mobile sources, while Haze-2 was triggered by the secondary pollutants, which mainly came from regional transmission.
Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Fabrizio De Blasi, Clara Turetta, Marta Radaelli, Warren Cairns, Giulio Cozzi, Giovanna Mazzi, Marco Casula, Jacopo Gabrieli, Carlo Barbante, and Andrea Gambaro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2821–2835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2821-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2821-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The study analyzed a year of atmospheric aerosol composition at Col Margherita in the Italian Alps. Over 100 chemical markers were identified, including major ions, organic compounds, and trace elements. It revealed sources of aerosol, highlighted impacts of Saharan dust events, and showed anthropogenic pollution's influence despite the site's remoteness. Enrichment factors emphasized non-natural sources of trace elements. Source apportionment identified four key factors affecting the area.
Karl Espen Yttri, Are Bäcklund, Franz Conen, Sabine Eckhardt, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Markus Fiebig, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Avram Gold, Hans Gundersen, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Stephen Matthew Platt, David Simpson, Jason D. Surratt, Sönke Szidat, Martin Rauber, Kjetil Tørseth, Martin Album Ytre-Eide, Zhenfa Zhang, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2731–2758, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2731-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2731-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We discuss carbonaceous aerosol (CA) observed at the high Arctic Zeppelin Observatory (2017 to 2020). We find that organic aerosol is a significant fraction of the Arctic aerosol, though less than sea salt aerosol and mineral dust, as well as non-sea-salt sulfate, originating mainly from anthropogenic sources in winter and from natural sources in summer, emphasizing the importance of wildfires for biogenic secondary organic aerosol and primary biological aerosol particles observed in the Arctic.
Wei Huang, Cheng Wu, Linyu Gao, Yvette Gramlich, Sophie L. Haslett, Joel Thornton, Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker, Ben H. Lee, Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Xiaoli Shen, Ramakrishna Ramisetty, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Dilip Ganguly, Feng Jiang, Magdalena Vallon, Siegfried Schobesberger, Taina Yli-Juuti, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2607–2624, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2607-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2607-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present distinct molecular composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different rural, urban, and mountain environments. We do a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between the chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles across different systems and environments. This study provides implications for volatility descriptions of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different model frameworks.
Jing Cai, Juha Sulo, Yifang Gu, Sebastian Holm, Runlong Cai, Steven Thomas, Almuth Neuberger, Fredrik Mattsson, Marco Paglione, Stefano Decesari, Matteo Rinaldi, Rujing Yin, Diego Aliaga, Wei Huang, Yuanyuan Li, Yvette Gramlich, Giancarlo Ciarelli, Lauriane Quéléver, Nina Sarnela, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Nora Zannoni, Cheng Wu, Wei Nie, Juha Kangasluoma, Claudia Mohr, Markku Kulmala, Qiaozhi Zha, Dominik Stolzenburg, and Federico Bianchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2423–2441, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2423-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2423-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
By combining field measurements, simulations and recent chamber experiments, we investigate new particle formation (NPF) and growth in the Po Valley, where both haze and frequent NPF occur. Our results show that sulfuric acid, ammonia and amines are the dominant NPF precursors there. A high NPF rate and a lower condensation sink lead to a greater survival probability for newly formed particles, highlighting the importance of gas-to-particle conversion for aerosol concentrations.
Kaori Kawana, Fumikazu Taketani, Kazuhiko Matsumoto, Yutaka Tobo, Yoko Iwamoto, Takuma Miyakawa, Akinori Ito, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1777–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1777-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1777-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Based on comprehensive shipborne observations, we found strong links between sea-surface biological materials and the formation of atmospheric fluorescent bioaerosols, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particles over the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea during autumn 2019. Taking the wind-speed effect into account, we propose equations to approximate the links for this cruise, which can be used as a guide for modeling as well as for systematic comparisons with other observations.
Chen He, Hanxiong Che, Zier Bao, Yiliang Liu, Qing Li, Miao Hu, Jiawei Zhou, Shumin Zhang, Xiaojiang Yao, Quan Shi, Chunmao Chen, Yan Han, Lingshuo Meng, Xin Long, Fumo Yang, and Yang Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1627–1639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the daily evolution of high molecular-weight organic compounds with a molecular weight of up to 1000 Da in order to comprehend their behaviors in the atmosphere under actual conditions. These compounds were proven to undergo multi-generation oxidation, carboxylation, and nitrification via both day- and nighttime chemistry.
Karine Desboeufs, Paola Formenti, Raquel Torres-Sánchez, Kerstin Schepanski, Jean-Pierre Chaboureau, Hendrik Andersen, Jan Cermak, Stefanie Feuerstein, Benoit Laurent, Danitza Klopper, Andreas Namwoonde, Mathieu Cazaunau, Servanne Chevaillier, Anaïs Feron, Cécile Mirande-Bret, Sylvain Triquet, and Stuart J. Piketh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1525–1541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1525-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1525-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the fractional solubility of iron (Fe) in dust particles along the coast of Namibia, a critical region for the atmospheric Fe supply of the South Atlantic Ocean. Our results suggest a possible two-way interplay whereby marine biogenic emissions from the coastal marine ecosystems into the atmosphere would increase the solubility of Fe-bearing dust by photo-reduction processes. The subsequent deposition of soluble Fe could act to further enhance marine biogenic emissions.
Sunhye Kim, Jo Machesky, Drew R. Gentner, and Albert A. Presto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1281–1298, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1281-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1281-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking emissions are often an overlooked source of air pollution. We used a mobile lab to measure the characteristics of particles emitted from cooking sites in two cities. Our findings showed that cooking releases a substantial number of fine particles. While most emissions were similar, a bakery site showed distinctive chemical compositions with higher nitrogen compound levels. Thus, understanding the particle emissions from different cooking activities is crucial.
Nansi Fakhri, Robin Stevens, Arnold Downey, Konstantina Oikonomou, Jean Sciare, Charbel Afif, and Patrick L. Hayes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1193–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the chemical composition of atmospheric fine particles, their emission sources, and the potential human health risk associated with trace elements in particles for an urban site in Montréal over a 3-month period (August–November). This study represents the first time that such extensive composition measurements were included in an urban source apportionment study in Canada, and it provides greater resolution of fine-particle sources than has been previously achieved in Canada.
Hanjin Yoo, Li Wu, Hong Geng, and Chul-Un Ro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 853–867, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-853-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-853-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted an investigation of atmospheric aerosols collected in Seoul, South Korea, during the KORUS-AQ campaign on a single-particle basis. We were able to identify their sources, the atmospheric fate, and the impacts of local emissions and long-range transport on aerosol composition. Additionally, we traced potential sources of non-exhaust heavy-metal particles. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of urban aerosols.
Eric Schneider, Hendryk Czech, Olga Popovicheva, Marina Chichaeva, Vasily Kobelev, Nikolay Kasimov, Tatiana Minkina, Christopher Paul Rüger, and Ralf Zimmermann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 553–576, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-553-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-553-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides insights into the complex chemical composition of long-range-transported wildfire plumes from Yakutia, which underwent different levels of atmospheric processing. With complementary mass spectrometric techniques, we improve our understanding of the chemical processes and atmospheric fate of wildfire plumes. Unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosols crossed the polar circle with implications for the Arctic ecosystem and consequently climate.
Qiongqiong Wang, Shuhui Zhu, Shan Wang, Cheng Huang, Yusen Duan, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 475–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated short-term source apportionment of PM2.5 utilizing rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) and online PM chemical speciation data, which included source-specific organic tracers collected over a period of 37 d during the winter of 2019–2020 in suburban Shanghai, China. The findings highlight that by imposing constraints on the primary source profiles, short-term PMF analysis successfully replicated both the individual primary sources and the total secondary sources.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Jinfeng Zhu, Yutong Wu, Chang Liu, Kai Hu, Junsong Bao, Zitong Zhang, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 123–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric pollution and formation mechanisms of particulate-bound alkyl nitrate in Beijing were studied. C9–C16 long-chain n-alkyl nitrates negatively correlated with O3 but positively correlated with PM2.5 and NO2, so they may not be produced during gas-phase homogeneous reactions in the photochemical process but form through reactions between alkanes and nitrates on PM surfaces. Particulate-bound n-alkyl nitrates strongly affect both haze pollution and atmospheric visibility.
Yanqin Ren, Zhenhai Wu, Yuanyuan Ji, Fang Bi, Junling Li, Haijie Zhang, Hao Zhang, Hong Li, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2593, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2593, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) in PM2.5 were examined from an urban area in Beijing during the autumn and winter. The OPAHs and NACs concentrations were much higher during heating than those before heating. They majorly originated from the combustion of biomass and automobile emissions, and the secondary generation was the major contributor throughout the whole sampling period.
Lisa Azzarello, Rebecca A. Washenfelder, Michael A. Robinson, Alessandro Franchin, Caroline C. Womack, Christopher D. Holmes, Steven S. Brown, Ann Middlebrook, Tim Newberger, Colm Sweeney, and Cora J. Young
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15643–15654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a molecular size-resolved offline analysis of water-soluble brown carbon collected on an aircraft during FIREX-AQ. The smoke plumes were aged 0 to 5 h, where absorption was dominated by small molecular weight molecules, brown carbon absorption downwind did not consistently decrease, and the measurements differed from online absorption measurements of the same samples. We show how differences between online and offline absorption could be related to different measurement conditions.
Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Manuela van Pinxteren, Markus Hartmann, Moritz Zeising, Astrid Bracher, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15561–15587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Marine carbohydrates are produced in the surface of the ocean, enter the atmophere as part of sea spray aerosol particles, and potentially contribute to the formation of fog and clouds. Here, we present the results of a sea–air transfer study of marine carbohydrates conducted in the high Arctic. Besides a chemo-selective transfer, we observed a quick atmospheric aging of carbohydrates, possibly as a result of both biotic and abiotic processes.
Xing Wei, Yanjie Shen, Xiao-Ying Yu, Yang Gao, Huiwang Gao, Ming Chu, Yujiao Zhu, and Xiaohong Yao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15325–15350, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the contribution of grown new particles to Nccn at a rural mountain site in the North China Plain. The total particle number concentrations (Ncn) observed on 8 new particle formation (NPF) days were higher compared to non-NPF days. The Nccn at 0.2 % supersaturation (SS) and 0.4 % SS on the NPF days was significantly lower than on non-NPF days. Only one of eight NPF events had detectable net contributions to Nccn at 0.4 % SS and 1.0 % SS with increased κ values.
Yuquan Gong, Ru-Jin Huang, Lu Yang, Ting Wang, Wei Yuan, Wei Xu, Wenjuan Cao, Yang Wang, and Yongjie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15197–15207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals the large day–night differences in brown carbon (BrC) chromophore composition, which was not known previously. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on BrC composition.
Ryan N. Farley, Sonya Collier, Christopher D. Cappa, Leah R. Williams, Timothy B. Onasch, Lynn M. Russell, Hwajin Kim, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15039–15056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soot particles, also known as black carbon (BC), have important implications for global climate and regional air quality. After the particles are emitted, BC can be coated with other material, impacting the aerosol properties. We selectively measured the composition of particles containing BC to explore their sources and chemical transformations in the atmosphere. We focus on a persistent, multiday fog event in order to study the effects of chemical reactions occurring within liquid droplets.
Wenshuai Li, Yuxuan Qi, Yingchen Liu, Guanru Wu, Yanjing Zhang, Jinhui Shi, Wenjun Qu, Lifang Sheng, Wencai Wang, Daizhou Zhang, and Yang Zhou
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2698, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2698, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles from mainland can transport to oceans and deposit, providing soluble Fe and affecting phytoplankton growth. Thus, we studied the dissolution process of aerosol Fe and found that photochemistry played a key role in promoting Fe dissolution in clean conditions. RH-dependent reactions were more influential in slightly-polluted conditions. These results highlight the distinct roles of two weather-related parameters (radiation and RH) in influencing geochemical cycles related to Fe.
Fuzhen Shen, Michaela I. Hegglin, and Yue Yuan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2425, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2425, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We attempt to use a novel structural Self-Organising Map and Machine Learning models to identify a weather system and quantify the importance of each meteorological factor in driving the unexpected PM2.5 and O3 changes under the specific weather system during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. The result highlights temperature under the double-centre high-pressure system plays the most crucial role in abnormal events.
Xiaoxiao Li, Yijing Chen, Yuyang Li, Runlong Cai, Yiran Li, Chenjuan Deng, Jin Wu, Chao Yan, Hairong Cheng, Yongchun Liu, Markku Kulmala, Jiming Hao, James N. Smith, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14801–14812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Near-continuous measurements show the composition, sources, and seasonal variations of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in urban Beijing. Vehicle and cooking emissions and new particle formation are the main sources of UFPs, and aqueous/heterogeneous processes increase UFP mode diameters. UFPs are the highest in winter due to the highest primary particle emission rates and new particle formation rates, and CHO fractions are the highest in summer due to the strongest photooxidation.
Jiaqi Wang, Jian Gao, Fei Che, Xin Yang, Yuanqin Yang, Lei Liu, Yan Xiang, and Haisheng Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14715–14733, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Regional-scale observations of surface O3, PM2.5 and its major chemical species, mixing layer height (MLH), and other meteorological parameters were made in the North China Plain during summer. Unlike the cold season, synchronized increases in MDA8 O3 and PM2.5 under medium MLH conditions have been witnessed. The increasing trend of PM2.5 was associated with enhanced secondary chemical formation. The correlation between MLH and secondary air pollutants should be treated with care in hot seasons.
Takuma Miyakawa, Akinori Ito, Chunmao Zhu, Atsushi Shimizu, Erika Matsumoto, Yusuke Mizuno, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14609–14626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducted semi-continuous measurements of PM2.5 aerosols and their elemental composition in western Japan, during spring 2018. It analyzed the emissions, transport, and wet removal of elements such as Pb, Cu, Fe, and Mn. It also assessed the accuracy of modeled concentrations and found overestimations of BC and underestimations of Cu and anthropogenic Fe in East Asia. Insights into emissions, removals, and source apportionment of trace metals in the East Asian outflow were provided.
Jingjing Meng, Yachen Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Tonglin Huang, Zhifei Wang, Yiqiu Wang, Min Chen, Zhanfang Hou, Houhua Zhou, Keding Lu, Kimitaka Kawamura, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14481–14503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the effect of COVID-19 lockdown (LCD) measures on the formation and evolutionary process of diacids and related compounds from field observations. Results demonstrate that more aged organic aerosols are observed during the LCD due to the enhanced photochemical oxidation. Our study also found that the reactivity of 13C was higher than that of 12C in the gaseous photochemical oxidation, leading to higher δ13C values of C2 during the LCD than before the LCD.
Christopher J. Hennigan, Michael McKee, Vikram Pratap, Bryanna Boegner, Jasper Reno, Lucia Garcia, Madison McLaren, and Sara M. Lance
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14437–14449, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study characterized the optical properties of light-absorbing organic compounds, called brown carbon (BrC), in atmospheric cloud water samples. In all samples, light absorption by BrC increased linearly with increasing pH. There was variability in the sensitivity of the absorption–pH relationship, depending on the degree of influence from fire emissions. Overall, these results show that the climate forcing of BrC is quite strongly affected by its pH-dependent absorption.
Máté Vörösmarty, Gaëlle Uzu, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pamela Dominutti, Zsófia Kertész, Enikő Papp, and Imre Salma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14255–14269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Poor air quality caused by high concentrations of particulate matter is one of the most severe public health concerns for humans worldwide. One of the most important biological mechanisms inducing adverse health effects is the oxidant–antioxidant imbalance. We showed that the oxidative stress changed substantially and in a complex manner with location and season. Biomass burning exhibited the dominant influence, while motor vehicles played an important role in the non-heating period.
Da Lu, Hao Li, Mengke Tian, Guochen Wang, Xiaofei Qin, Na Zhao, Juntao Huo, Fan Yang, Yanfen Lin, Jia Chen, Qingyan Fu, Yusen Duan, Xinyi Dong, Congrui Deng, Sabur F. Abdullaev, and Kan Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13853–13868, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental conditions during dust are usually not favorable for secondary aerosol formation. However in this study, an unusual dust event was captured in a Chinese mega-city and showed “anomalous” meteorology and a special dust backflow transport pathway. The underlying formation mechanisms of secondary aerosols are probed in the context of this special dust event. This study shows significant implications for the varying dust aerosol chemistry in the future changing climate.
Thomas Audoux, Benoit Laurent, Karine Desboeufs, Gael Noyalet, Franck Maisonneuve, Olivier Lauret, and Servanne Chevaillier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13485–13503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13485-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13485-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In the Paris region, a campaign was conducted to study wet deposition of aerosol particles during rainfall events. Simultaneous measurements of aerosol and wet deposition allowed us to discuss their transfer from the atmosphere to rain. Chemical evolution within events revealed meteorology, atmospheric conditions and local vs. long range sources as key factors. This study highlights the variability of wet deposition and the need to consider event-specific factors to understand its mechanisms.
Ting Yang, Yu Xu, Qing Ye, Yi-Jia Ma, Yu-Chen Wang, Jian-Zhen Yu, Yu-Sen Duan, Chen-Xi Li, Hong-Wei Xiao, Zi-Yue Li, Yue Zhao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13433–13450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13433-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13433-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, 130 OS species were quantified in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Shanghai (East China) in the summer of 2021. The daytime OS formation was concretized based on the interactions among OSs, ultraviolet (UV), ozone (O3), and sulfate. Our finding provides field evidence for the influence of photochemical process and anthropogenic sulfate on OS formation and has important implications for the mitigation of organic particulate pollution.
Shan Wang, Kezheng Liao, Zijing Zhang, Yuk Ying Cheng, Qiongqiong Wang, Hanzhe Chen, and Jian Zhen Yu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2286, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2286, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, hourly primary and secondary organic carbon were estimated by a novel Bayesian inference approach in suburban Hong Kong. Their multi-temporal scale variations and evolution characteristics during PM2.5 episodes were examined. The methodology could serve as a guide for other locations with similar monitoring capabilities. The observation-based results are helpful for understanding the evolving nature of secondary organic aerosols and refining the accuracy of model simulations.
Marco Paglione, David C. S. Beddows, Anna Jones, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Matteo Rinaldi, Stefano Decesari, Francesco Manarini, Mara Russo, Karam Mansour, Roy M. Harrison, Andrea Mazzanti, Emilio Tagliavini, and Manuel Dall'Osto
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2275, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2275, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Applying factor analysis techniques to H-NMR spectra, we present the Organic Aerosol (OA) source apportionment of PM1 samples collected in parallel at two peri-Antarctic stations, namely Signy and Halley, important to investigate aerosol-climate interactions in an unperturbed atmosphere. Our results show remarkable differences between pelagic (open ocean) and sympagic (sea-ice influenced) air masses and indicate that various sources and processes are controlling Antarctic aerosols.
Miao Zhong, Jianzhong Xu, Huiqin Wang, Li Gao, Haixia Zhu, Lixiang Zhai, Xinghua Zhang, and Wenhui Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12609–12630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study focus on coal-combustion-dominated aerosol in urban areas in northwestern China and combines the results of optical measurement and chemical analysis to deduce the evolution of these characteristics in the atmosphere, which has previously been unknown. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on brown carbon properties.
Li Wu, Hyo-Jin Eom, Hanjin Yoo, Dhrubajyoti Gupta, Hye-Rin Cho, Pingqing Fu, and Chul-Un Ro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12571–12588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12571-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12571-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hygroscopicity of ambient marine aerosols is of critical relevance to investigate their atmospheric impacts, which, however, remain uncertain due to their complex compositions and mixing states. Therefore, a study on the hygroscopic behavior of ambient marine aerosols for understanding the phase states when interacting with water vapor at different RH levels and their subsequent impacts on the heterogeneous chemical reactions, atmospheric environment, and human health is of vital importance.
Yutong Liang, Rebecca A. Wernis, Kasper Kristensen, Nathan M. Kreisberg, Philip L. Croteau, Scott C. Herndon, Arthur W. H. Chan, Nga L. Ng, and Allen H. Goldstein
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12441–12454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12441-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12441-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the gas–particle partitioning behaviors of biomass burning markers and examined the effect of wildfire organic aerosol on the partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds. Most compounds measured are less volatile than model predictions. Wildfire aerosol enhanced the condensation of polar compounds and caused some nonpolar (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) compounds to partition into the gas phase, thus affecting their lifetimes in the atmosphere and the mode of exposure.
Bojiang Su, Xinhui Bi, Zhou Zhang, Yue Liang, Congbo Song, Tao Wang, Yaohao Hu, Lei Li, Zhen Zhou, Jinpei Yan, Xinming Wang, and Guohua Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10697–10711, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the R/V Xuelong cruise observation over the Ross Sea, Antarctica, the mass concentrations of water-soluble Ca2+ and the mass spectra of individual calcareous particles were measured. Our results indicated that lower temperature, lower wind speed, and the presence of sea ice may facilitate Ca2+ enrichment in sea spray aerosols and highlighted the potential contribution of organically complexed calcium to calcium enrichment, which is inaccurate based solely on water-soluble Ca2+ estimation.
Valeria Mardoñez, Marco Pandolfi, Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Andrés Alastuey, Jean-Luc Besombes, Isabel Moreno R., Noemi Perez, Griša Močnik, Patrick Ginot, Radovan Krejci, Vladislav Chrastny, Alfred Wiedensohler, Paolo Laj, Marcos Andrade, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10325–10347, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
La Paz and El Alto are two fast-growing, high-altitude Bolivian cities forming the second-largest metropolitan area in the country. The sources of particulate matter (PM) in this conurbation were not previously investigated. This study identified 11 main sources of PM, of which dust and vehicular emissions stand out as the main ones. The influence of regional biomass combustion and local waste combustion was also observed, with the latter being a major source of hazardous compounds.
Sayako Ueda, Yoko Iwamoto, Fumikazu Taketani, Mingxu Liu, and Hitoshi Matsui
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10117–10135, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10117-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10117-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We examine iron in atmospheric fine aerosol particles collected over the Indian Ocean during shipborne observations in November 2018. Transmission electron microscopy analysis with water dialysis shows that various types of iron (fly ash, iron oxide, and mineral dust) co-exist with ammonium sulfate and that their solubility differs depending on the iron type. Using PM2.5 bulk samples and global model simulations, we elucidate their origins, aging, and implications for present iron simulations.
Farhan R. Nursanto, Roy Meinen, Rupert Holzinger, Maarten C. Krol, Xinya Liu, Ulrike Dusek, Bas Henzing, and Juliane L. Fry
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10015–10034, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Particulate matter (PM) is a harmful air pollutant that depends on the complex mixture of natural and anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, in different regions and seasons, the way that PM is formed and grows can differ. In this study, we use a combined statistical analysis of the chemical composition and particle size distribution to determine what drives particle formation and growth across seasons, using varying wind directions to elucidate the role of different sources.
Kohei Sakata, Aya Sakaguchi, Yoshiaki Yamakawa, Chihiro Miyamoto, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9815–9836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic iron is the dominant source of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles, but its contribution to dissolved Fe in aerosol particles has not been quantitatively evaluated. We established the molar concentration ratio of dissolved Fe to dissolved Al as a new indicator to evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic iron. As a result, about 10 % of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles was derived from anthropogenic iron when aerosol particles were transported from East Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Li Li, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Huikun Liu, Yong Zhang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Weikang Ran, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9597–9612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Tibetan Plateau has a unique geographical location, but there is a lack of detailed research on the real-time characteristics of full aerosol composition. This study elaborates the changes in chemical characteristics between transport and local fine particles during the pre-monsoon, reveals the size distribution and the mixing states of different individual particles, and highlights the contributions of photooxidation and aqueous reaction to the formation of the secondary species.
Cited articles
Almeida, S. M., Lage, J., Fernández, B., Garcia, S., Reis, M. A., and Chaves, P. C.: Chemical characterization of atmospheric particles and source apportionment in the vicinity of a steelmaking industry, Sci. Total Environ., 521–522, 411–420, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.112, 2015.
Ancelet, T., Davy, P. K., Mitchell, T., Trompette, W. J., Markwitz, A., and Weatherburn, D. C.: Identification of particulate matter sources on an hourly time-scale in a wood burning community, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 4767–4774, https://doi.org/10.1021/es203937y, 2012.
Begum, B. A., Kim, E., Biswas, S. K., and Hopke, P. K.: Investigation of sources of atmospheric aerosol at urban and semi-urban areas in Bangladesh, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3025–3038, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.042, 2004.
Bi, J. R., Huang, J. P., Hu, Z. Y., Holben, B. N., and Guo, Z. Q.: Investigating the aerosol optical and radiative characteristics of heavy haze episodes in Beijing during January of 2013, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 9884–9900, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021757, 2014.
Brown, S. G., Eberly, S., Paatero, P., and Norris, G. A.: Methods for estimating uncertainty in PMF solutions: examples with ambient air and water quality data and guidance on reporting PMF results, Sci. Total Environ., 518–519, 626–635, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.022, 2015.
Canha, N., Freitas, M. C., Almeida-Silva, M., Almeida, S. M., Dung, H. M., Dionísio, I., Cardoso, J., Pio, C. A., Caseiro, A., Verburg, T. G., and Wolterbeek, H. T.: Burn wood influence on outdoor air quality in a small village: Foros de Arrão, Portugal, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch., 291, 83–88, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1261-1, 2012.
Cao, J. J., Chow, J. C., Tao, J., Lee, S. C., Watson, J. G., Ho, K. F., Wang, G. H., Zhu, C. S., and Han, Y. M.: Stable carbon isotopes in aerosols from Chinese cities: influence of fossil fuels, Atmos. Environ., 45, 1359–1363, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.056, 2011.
Chen, H. and Wang, H.: Haze Days in North China and the associated atmospheric circulations based on daily visibility data from 1960 to 2012, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 5895–5909, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023225, 2015.
Chen, P. L., Wang, T.J., Lu, X.B., Yu, Y.Y., Kasoar, M., Xie, M., and Zhuang, B.L.: Source apportionment of size-fractionated particles during the 2013 Asian Youth Games and the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, China, Sci. Total Environ., 579, 860–870, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.014, 2016.
Chen, R., Zhao, Z., and Kan, H.: Heavy smog and hospital visits in Beijing, China, Am. J. Respi. Crit. Care, 188, 1170–1171, https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201304-0678LE, 2013.
Chen, X., Balasubramanian, R., Zhu, Q. Y., Behera, S. N., Bo, D. D., Huang, X., Xie, H. Y., and Cheng, J. P.: Characteristics of atmospheric particulate mercury in size-fractionated particles during haze days in Shanghai, Atmos. Environ., 131, 400–408, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.019, 2016.
Cheng, Y., He, K. B., Du, Z. Y., Zheng, M., Duan, F. K., and Ma, Y. L.: Humidity plays an important role in the PM2.5 pollution in Beijing, Environ. Pollut., 197, 68–75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.028, 2015.
Dimitriou, K., Remoundaki, E., Mantas, E., and Kassomenos, P.: Spatial distribution of source areas of PM2.5 by Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) model applied in PM2.5 concentration and composition data, Atmos. Environ., 116, 138–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.021, 2015.
Du, W. P., Wang, Y. S., Song, T., Xin, J. Y., Cheng, Y. S., and Ji, D. S.: Characteristics of atmospheric pollutants during the period of summer and autumn in Shijiazhuang, Environ. Sci., 31, 1409–1416, 2010 (in Chinese).
Feng, J. L., Yu, H., Su, X. F., Liu, S. H., Li, Y., Pan, Y. P., and Sun, J. H.: Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 during Chinese Spring Festival at Xinxiang, a heavily polluted city in North China: fireworks and health risks, Atmos. Res., 182, 176–188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.07.028, 2016.
Fu, H. B. and Chen, J. M.: Formation, features and controlling strategies of severe haze-fog pollutions in China, Sci. Total Environ., 578, 121–138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.201, 2017.
Fu, G. Q., Xu, W. Y., Yang, R. F., Li, J. B., and Zhao, C. S.: The distribution and trends of fog and haze in the North China Plain over the past 30 years, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11949–11958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11949-2014, 2014.
Gao, J., Peng, X., Chen, G., Xu, J., Shi, G. L., Zhang, Y. C., and Feng, Y. C.: Insights into the chemical characterization and sources of PM2.5 in Beijing at a 1-h time resolution, Sci. Total Environ., 542, 162–171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.082, 2016.
Gao, M., Guttikunda, S. K., Carmichael, G. R., Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Stanier, C. O., Saide, P. E., and Yu, M.: Health impacts and economic losses assessment of the 2013 severe haze event in Beijing area, Sci. Total Environ., 511, 553–561, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.005, 2015.
Gao, X. M., Yang, L. X., Cheng, S. H., Gao, R., Zhou, Y., Xue, L. K., Shou, Y. P., Wang, J., Wang, X. F., Nie, W., Xu, P. J., and Wang, W. X.: Semi-continuous measurement of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in Jinan, China: Temporal variations and source apportionments, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6048–6056, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.041, 2011.
Gu, J. X., Bai, Z. P., Li, A. X., Wu, L. P., Xie, Y. Y., Lei, W. F., Dong, H. Y., and Zhang, X.: Chemical composition of PM2.5 during winter in Tianjin, China, Particuology, 9, 215–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2011.03.001, 2011.
Guo, S., Hu, M., Guo, Q., Zhang, X., Schauer, J. J., and Zhang, R.: Quantitative evaluation of emission controls on primary and secondary organic aerosol sources during Beijing 2008 Olympics, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8303–8314, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8303-2013, 2013.
Han, S. Q., Wu, J. H., Zhang, Y. F., Cai, Z. Y., Feng, Y. C., Yao, Q., Li, X. J., Liu, Y. W., and Zhang, M.: Characteristics and formation mechanism of a winter haze-fog episode in Tianjin, China, Atmos. Environ., 98, 323–330, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.078, 2014.
Hao, T. Y., Han, S. Q., Chen, S. C., Shan, X. L., Zai, Z. Y., Qiu, X. B., Yao, Q., Liu, J. L., Chen, J., and Meng. L. H.: The role of fog in haze episode in Tianjin, China: A case study for November 2015, Atmos. Res., 194. 235–244, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.04.020, 2017.
Jiang, B. F. and Xia, D. H.: Role identification of NH3 in atmospheric secondary new particle formation in haze occurrence of China, Atmos. Environ., 163, 107–117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.035, 2017.
Kabala, C. and Singh, B. R.: Fractionation and mobility of copper, lead, and zinc in soil profiles in the vicinity of a copper smelter, J. Environ. Qual., 30, 485–492, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2001.302485x, 2001.
Kong, X. Z., He, W., Qin, N., He, Q. S., Yang, B., Ouyang, H. L., Wang, Q. M., and Xu, F. L.: Comparison of transport pathways and potential sources of PM10, in two cities around a large Chinese lake using the modified trajectory analysis, Atmos. Res., 122, 284–297, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.10.012, 2013.
Lee, H., Honda, Y., Hashizume, M., Guo, Y. L., Wu, C. F., Kan, H., Jung, K., Lim, Y. H., Yi, S., and Kim, H.: Short-term exposure to fine and coarse particles and mortality: a multicity time-series study in East Asia, Environ. Pollut., 207, 43–51, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.036, 2015.
Li, H. M., Wang, Q. G., Shao, M., Wang, J. H., Wang, C., Sun, Y. X., Qian, X., Wu, H. F., Yang, M., and Li, F. Y.: Fractionation of airborne particulate bound elements in haze-fog episode and associated health risks in a megacity of southeast China, Environ. Pollut., 208, 655–662, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.042, 2016.
Li, J. J., Wang, G. H., Ren, Y. Q., Wang, J. Y., Wu, C., Han, Y. N., Zhang, L., Cheng, C. L., and Meng, J. J.: Identification of chemical compositions and sources of atmospheric aerosols in Xi'an, inland China during two types of haze events, Sci. Total Environ., 566–567, 230–237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.057, 2016.
Li, M., Tang, G. Q., Huang, J., Liu, A. R., An, J. L., and Wang, Y. S.: Characteristics of winter atmospheric mixing layer height in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and their relationship with the atmospheric pollution, Environ. Sci., 36, 1935–1943, 2015 (in Chinese).
Lin, Y.-C., Tsai, C.-J., Wu, Y.-C., Zhang, R., Chi, K.-H., Huang, Y.-T., Lin, S.-H., and Hsu, S.-C.: Characteristics of trace metals in traffic-derived particles in Hsuehshan Tunnel, Taiwan: size distribution, potential source, and fingerprinting metal ratio, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4117–4130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4117-2015, 2015.
Liu, B. S., Song, N., Dai, Q. L., Mei, R. B., Sui, B. H., Bi, X. H., and Feng, Y. C.: Chemical composition and source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 during the non-heating period in Taian, China, Atmos. Res., 170, 23–33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.11.002, 2016.
Liu, B. S., Wu, J. H., Zhang, J. Y., Wang, L., Yang, J. M., Liang, D. N., Dai, Q. L., Bi, X. H., Feng, Y. C., Zhang, Y. F., and Zhang, Q.X.: Characterization and source apportionment of PM2.5 based on error estimation from EPA PMF 5.0 model at a medium city in China, Environ. Pollut., 222, 10–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.005, 2017a.
Liu, B. S., Yang, J. M., Yuan, J., Wang, J., Dai, Q. L., Li, T. K., Bi, X. H., Feng, Y. C., Xiao, Z. M., Zhang, Y. F., and Xu, H.: Source apportionment of atmospheric pollutants based on the online data by using PMF and ME2 models at a megacity, China, Atmos. Res., 185, 22–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.10.023, 2017b.
Liu, B. S., Li, T. K., Yang, J. M., Wu, J. H., Gao, J. X., Bi, X. H., Feng, Y. C., Zhang, Y. F., and Yang, H. H.: Source apportionment and a novel approach of estimating regional contributions to ambient PM2.5 in Haikou, China, Environ. Pollut., 223, 334–345, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.030, 2017c.
Liu, G., Li, J. H., Wu, D., and Xu, H.: Chemical composition and source apportionment of the ambient PM2.5 in Hangzhou, China, Particuology, 18, 135–143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2014.03.011, 2015.
Liu, H., Wang, X. M., Zhang, J. P., He, K. B., Wu, Y., and Xu, J. Y.: Emission controls and changes in air quality in Guangzhou during the Asian Games, Atmos. Environ., 76, 81–93, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.004, 2013.
Ma, Z. Z., Li, Z., Jiang, J. K., Ye, Z. X., Deng, J. G., and Duan, L.: Characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 emitted from coal fired power plants, Environ. Sci., 36, 2361–2366, 2015 (in Chinese).
Mansha, M., Ghauri, B., Rahman, S., and Amman, A.: Characterization and source apportionment of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5) in Karachi, Sci. Total Environ., 425, 176–183, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.056, 2012.
Meng, C. C., Wang, L. T., Zhang, F. F., Wei, Z., Ma, S. M., Ma, X., and Yang, J.: Characteristics of concentrations and water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 in Handan City, Hebei province, China, Atmos. Res., 171, 133–146, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.12.013, 2016.
Morishita, M., Gerald, J., Keeler, G. J., Kamal, A. S., Wagner, J. G., Harkema, J. R., and Rohr, A. C.: Source identification of ambient PM2.5 for inhalation exposure studies in Steubenville, Ohio using highly time-resolved measurements, Atmos. Environ., 45, 7688–7697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.12.032, 2011.
Paatero, P.: User's Guide for Positive Matrix Factorization Programs PMF2 and PMF3, Part 1: Tutorial, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (February), 2000.
Paatero, P. and Hopke, P. K.: Discarding or down-weighting high-noise variables in factor analytic models, Anal. Chim. Acta, 490, 277–289, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(02)01643-4, 2003.
Paatero, P. and Tapper, U.: Positive matrix factorization: a non-negative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, 5, 111–126, https://doi.org/10.1002/env.3170050203, 1994.
Pan, Q., Yu, Y., Tang, Z., Xi, M., and Zang, G.: Haze, a hotbed of respiratory-associated infectious diseases, and a new challenge for disease control and prevention in China, Am. J. Infect. Control, 42, p. 688, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.001, 2014.
Peng, W., Yang, J. N., Wagner, F., and Mauzerall, D. L.: Substantial air quality and climate co-benefits achievable now with sectoral mitigation strategies in China, Sci. Total Environ., 598, 1076–1084, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.287, 2017.
Qin, K., Wu, L. X., Wong, M. S., Letu, H., Hu, M. Y., Lang, H. M., Sheng, S. J., Teng, J. Y., Xiao, X., and Yuan, L. M.: Trans-boundary aerosol transport during a winter haze episode in China revealed by ground-based Lidar and CALIPSO satellite, Atmos. Environ., 141, 20–29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.042, 2016.
Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T. S.: North American, Asian, and Indian haze: similar regional impacts on climate? Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 193–228, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL016934, 2003.
Santacatalina, M., Reche, C., Minguillón, M. C., Escrig, A., Sanfelix, V., Carratalá, A., Nicolás, J. F., Yubero, E., Crespo, J., Alastuey, A., Monfort, E., Miró, J. V., and Querol, X.: Impact of fugitive emissions in ambient PM levels and composition: A case study in Southeast Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 408, 4999–5009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.040, 2010.
Shafer, M. M., Toner, B. M., Overdier, J. T., Schauer, J. J., Fakra, S. C., Hu, S., Herner, J. D., and Ayala, A.: Chemical speciation of vanadium in particulate matter emitted from diesel vehicles and urban atmospheric aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 189–195, https://doi.org/10.1021/es200463c, 2012.
Shen, X. J., Sun, J. Y., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, L., Che, H. C., Ma, Q. L., Yu, X. M., Yue, Y., and Zhang, Y. W.: Characterization of submicron aerosols and effect on visibility during a severe haze-fog episode in Yangtze River Delta, China, Atmos. Environ., 120, 307–316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.011, 2015.
Shen, Z. X., Cao, J., Arimoto, R., Han, Y. M., Zhu, C.S., Tian, J., and Liu, S. X.: Chemical characteristics of fine particles (PM1) from Xi'an, China, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 44, 461–472, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786821003738908, 2010.
Srimuruganandam, B., and Nagendra, S. M. S.: Application of positive matrix factorization in characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 emission sources at urban roadside, Chemosphere, 88, 120–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.02.083, 2012.
Sun, X., Yin, Y., Sun, Y. W., Sun, Y., Liu, W., and Han, Y.: Seasonal and vertical variations in aerosol distribution over Shijiazhuang, China, Atmos. Environ., 81, 245–252, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.009, 2013.
Sun, Y. L., Wang, Z. F., Wild, O., Xu, W. Q., Chen, C., Fu, P. Q., Du, W., Zhou, L. B., Zhang, Q., Han, T. T., Wang, Q. Q., Pan, X. L., Zheng, H. T., Li, J., Guo, X. F., Liu, J. G., and Worsnop, D. R.: “APEC Blue”: Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing, Sci. Rep., 6, 20668, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20668, 2016.
Tai, A. P. K., Mickley, L. J., and Jacob, D. J.: Correlations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and meteorological variables in the United States: implications for the sensitivity of PM2.5 to climate change, Atmos. Environ., 44, 3976–3984, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.060, 2010.
Tao, J., Zhang, L., Engling, G., Zhang, R., Yang, Y., Cao, J. J., Zhu, C. S., Wang, Q. Y., and Luo, L.: Chemical composition of PM2.5 in an urban environment in Chengdu, China: importance of springtime dust storms and biomass burning, Atmos. Res., 122, 270–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.11.004, 2013a.
Tao, J., Cheng, T. T., Zhang, R. J., Cao, J. J., Zhu, L. H., Wang, Q. Y., Luo, L., and Zhang, L. M.: Chemical Composition of PM2.5 at an Urban Site of Chengdu in Southwestern China, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 30, 1070–1084, 2013b.
Tao, M., Chen, L., Xiong, X., Zhang, M., Ma, P., Tao, J., and Wang, Z.: Formation process of the widespread extreme haze pollution over northern China in January 2013: Implications for regional air quality and climate, Atmos. Environ., 98, 417–425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.026, 2014.
UNEP (United Nations Environmental Programme): Independent Environmental Assessment Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, Nairobi, Kenya, 2009, available at: https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/report/ (last access: 23 September 2017), 2010.
Wang, G., Zhang, R., Gomez, M. E., Yang, L., Levy Zamora, M., Hu, M., Lin, Y., Peng, J., Guo, S., Meng, J., Li, J., Cheng, C., Hu, T., Ren, Y., Wang, Y., Gao, J., Cao, J., An, Z., Zhou, W., Li, G., Wang, J., Tian, P., Marrero-Ortiz, W., Secrest, J., Du, Z., Zheng, J., Shang, D., Zeng, L., Shao, M., Wang, W., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Li, Y., Hu, J., Pan, B., Cai, L., Cheng, Y., Ji, Y., Zhang, F., Rosenfeld, D., Liss, P. S., Duce, R. A., Kolb, C. E., and Molina, M. J.: Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog to Chinese haze, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 113, 13630–13635, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616540113, 2016.
Wang, G., Cheng, S. Y., Wei, W., Yang, X. W., Wang, X. Q. Jia, J., Lang, J. L., and Lv, Z.: Characteristics and emission-reduction measures evaluation of PM2.5 during the two major events: APEC and Parade, Sci. Total Environ., 595, 81–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.231, 2017.
Wang, H. B., Zhao, L. J., Xie, Y. J., and Hu, Q. M.: “APEC blue” – The effects and implications of joint pollution prevention and control program, Sci. Total Environ., 553, 429–438, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.122, 2016.
Wang, H. L., Qiao, L. P., Lou, S. R., Zhou, M., Ding, A. J., Huang, H. Y., Chen, J. M., Wang, Q., Tao, S. K., Chen, C. H., Li, L., and Huang, C.: Chemical composition of PM2.5 and meteorological impact among three years in urban Shanghai, China, J. Clean. Prod., 112, 1302–1311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.099, 2016.
Wang, L. T., Wei, Z., Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, F. F., Su, J., Meng, C. C., and Zhang, Q.: The 2013 severe haze over southern Hebei, China: model evaluation, source apportionment, and policy implications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3151–3173, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3151-2014, 2014.
Wang, M., Zhu, T., Zheng, J., Zhang, R. Y., Zhang, S. Q., Xie, X. X., Han, Y. Q., and Li, Y.: Use of a mobile laboratory to evaluate changes in on-road air pollutants during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8247–8263, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8247-2009, 2009.
Wang, P., Cao, J. J., Shen, Z. X., Han, Y. M., Lee, S. C., Huang, Y., Zhu, C. S., Wang, Q. Y., Xu, H. M., and Huang, R. J.: Spatial and seasonal variations of PM2.5 mass and species during 2010 in Xi'an, China, Sci. Total Environ., 508, 477–487, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.007, 2015.
Wang, Q. Z., Zhuang, G. S., Huang, K., Liu, T. N., Deng, C. R., Xu, J., Lin, Y. F., Guo, Z. G., Chen, Y., Fu, Q. Y., and Fu, J. S.: Probing the severe haze pollution in three typical regions of China: Characteristics, sources and regional impacts, Atmos. Environ., 120, 76–88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.076, 2015.
Wang, T., Nie, W., Gao, J., Xue, L. K., Gao, X. M., Wang, X. F., Qiu, J., Poon, C. N., Meinardi, S., Blake, D., Wang, S. L., Ding, A. J., Chai, F. H., Zhang, Q. Z., and Wang, W. X.: Air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympics: secondary pollutants and regional impact, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7603–7615, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7603-2010, 2010.
Wang, Y. Q., Zhang, X. Y., and Draxler, R.: TrajStat: GIS-based software that uses various trajectory statistical analysis methods to identify potential sources from long-term air pollution measurement data, Environ. Modell. Softw., 24, 938–939, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.01.004, 2009.
Wu, D., Liao, G. L., Deng, X. J., Bi, X. Y., Tan, H. B., Li, F., Jiang, C. L., Xia, D., and Fan, S. J.: Transport condition of surface layer under haze weather over the Pearl River Delta, Acta. Meteorol. Sin., 68, 680–688, 2008 (in Chinese).
Wu, H., Zhang, Y. F., Han, S. Q., Wu, J. H., Bi, X. H., Shi, G. L., Wang, J., Yao, Q., Cai, Z. Y., Liu, J. L., and Feng, Y. C.: Vertical characteristics of PM2.5 during the heating season in Tianjin, China, Sci. Total Environ., 523, 152–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.119, 2015.
Yang, H. N., Chen, J., Wen, J. J., Tian, H. Z., and Liu, X. G.: Composition and sources of PM2.5 around the heating periods of 2013 and 2014 in Beijing: Implications for efficient mitigation measures, Atmos. Environ., 124, 378–386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.015, 2016.
Yang, L. L., Feng, Y., Jin, W., Li, Y. Q., Zhou, J. B., Jiang, J. B., and Li, Z. G.: Pollution characteristic of water soluble inorganic ion in atmospheric particles in Shijiazhuang, Adm. Tech. Environ. Monit., 26, 17–21, 2016 (in Chinese).
Yang, Y., Liu, X. G., Qu, Y., Wang, J. L., An, J. L., Zhang, Y. H. G., and Zhang, F.: Formation mechanism of continuous extreme haze episodes in the megacity Beijing, China, in January 2013, Atmos. Res., 155, 192–203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.11.023, 2015.
Yao, L., Yang, L. X., Yuan, Q., Yan, C., Dong, C., Meng, C. P., Sui, X., Yang, F., Lu, Y. L., and Wang, W. X.: Sources apportionment of PM2.5 in a background site in the North China Plain, Sci. Total Environ., 541, 590–598, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.123, 2016.
Zhang, J. K., Sun, Y., Liu, Z. R., Ji, D. S., Hu, B., Liu, Q., and Wang, Y. S.: Characterization of submicron aerosols during a month of serious pollution in Beijing, 2013, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2887–2903, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2887-2014, 2014.
Zhang, L., Wang, T., Lv, M. Y., and Zhang, Q.: On the severe haze in Beijing during January 2013: unraveling the effects of meteorological anomalies with WRF-Chem, Atmos. Environ., 104, 11–21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.001, 2015.
Zhang, Q. H., Zhang, J. P., and Xue, H. W.: The challenge of improving visibility in Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7821–7827, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7821-2010, 2010.
Zhang, T., Cao, J. J., Tie, X. X., Shen, Z. X., Liu, S. X., Ding, H., Han, Y. M., Wang, G. H., Ho, K. F., Qiang, J., and Li, W. T.: Water-soluble ions in atmospheric aerosols measured in Xi'an, China: seasonal variations and sources, Atmos. Res., 102, 110–119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.06.014, 2011.
Zhang, X. Y., Wang, L., Wang, W. H., Cao, D. J., and Ye, D .X.: Long-term trend and spatiotemporal variations of haze over China by satellite observations from 1979 to 2013, Atmos. Environ., 119, 362–373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.053, 2015.
Zhang, Z. L., Wang, J., Chen, L. H., Chen, X. Y., Sun, G. Y., Zhong, N. S., Kan, H. D., and Lu, W. J.: Impact of haze and air pollution-related hazards on hospital admissions in Guangzhou, China, Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 21, 4236–4244, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2374-6, 2014.
Zhao, B., Wang, P., Ma, J. Z., Zhu, S., Pozzer, A., and Li, W.: A high-resolution emission inventory of primary pollutants for the Huabei region, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 481–501, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-481-2012, 2012.
Zhao, P. S., Zhang, X. L., and Xu, X. F.: Long-term visibility trends and characteristics in the region of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China, Atmos. Res., 101, 711–718, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.04.019, 2011.
Zhou, M. G., He, G. J., Fan, M. Y., Wang, Z. X., Liu, Y., Ma, J., Ma, Z. W., Liu, J. M., Liu, Y. N., and Wang, L. D.: Smog episodes, fine particulate pollution and mortality in China, Environ. Res., 136, 396–404, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.09.038, 2015.
Zhu, L., Huang, X., Shi, H., Cai, X. H., and Song, Y.: Transport pathways and potential sources of PM10 in Beijing, Atmos. Environ., 45, 594–604, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.040, 2011.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint