Articles | Volume 16, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10215-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10215-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Aug 2016
Research article |
| 11 Aug 2016
Characteristics of total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations in an industrial complex in South Korea: impacts from local sources
Yong-Seok Seo
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1
Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
Seung-Pyo Jeong
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Thomas M. Holsen
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson
University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA
Young-Ji Han
Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University,
192-1, Hyoja-2-dong, Chuncheon, Kangwondo, 200-701, South Korea
Eunhwa Choi
Asian Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, Seoul
National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
Eun Ha Park
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Tae Young Kim
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Hee-Sang Eum
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Dae Gun Park
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Eunhye Kim
Department of Environmental, Civil and Transportation Engineering,
Ajou University, Woncheon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 443-749, South Korea
Soontae Kim
Department of Environmental, Civil and Transportation Engineering,
Ajou University, Woncheon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 443-749, South Korea
Jeong-Hun Kim
Division of Air Pollution Engineering, Department of Climate and Air
Quality Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Hwangyong-ro
42, Seogu, Incheon, 404-708, South Korea
Jaewon Choi
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Seung-Muk Yi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health,
Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742,
South Korea
Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1
Gwanak, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
Related authors
Jin-Su Han, Yong-Seok Seo, Moon-Kyung Kim, Thomas M. Holsen, and Seung-Muk Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7653–7662, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7653-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7653-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, mercury (Hg) was sampled weekly in dry and wet deposition and throughfall and monthly in litterfall, and it was volatilized from soil from August 2008 to February 2010 to identify the factors influencing the amount of atmospheric Hg deposited to forested areas in a temperate deciduous forest in South Korea.
Gang-San Lee, Pyung-Rae Kim, Young-Ji Han, Thomas M. Holsen, Yong-Seok Seo, and Seung-Muk Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4119–4133, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4119-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4119-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study was initiated to identify the sources affecting speciated mercury concentrations measured on the island located between mainland Korea and China. The results from various approaches consistently show that Korean sources are most important for gaseous oxidized form while for other Hg species regional transport was also important. It is also suggested that the secondary formation of particulate Hg becomes more important as the significance of long-range transport increased.
Laura Hyesung Yang, Daniel J. Jacob, Ruijun Dang, Yujin J. Oak, Haipeng Lin, Jhoon Kim, Shixian Zhai, Nadia K. Colombi, Drew C. Pendergrass, Ellie Beaudry, Viral Shah, Xu Feng, Robert M. Yantosca, Heesung Chong, Junsung Park, Hanlim Lee, Won-Jin Lee, Soontae Kim, Eunhye Kim, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7027–7039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7027-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7027-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) provides hourly measurements of NO2. We use the chemical transport model to find how emissions, chemistry, and transport drive the changes in NO2 observed by GEMS at different times of the day. In winter, the chemistry plays a minor role, and high daytime emissions dominate the diurnal variation in NO2, balanced by transport. In summer, emissions, chemistry, and transport play an important role in shaping the diurnal variation in NO2.
Hyun Cheol Kim, Soontae Kim, Mark Cohen, Changhan Bae, Dasom Lee, Rick Saylor, Minah Bae, Eunhye Kim, Byeong-Uk Kim, Jin-Ho Yoon, and Ariel Stein
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10065–10080, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10065-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10065-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Global outbreaks of COVID-19 offer rare opportunities of natural experiments in emission control and corresponding responses of tropospheric chemistry. This study's novel approach investigates (1) isolating the pandemic's impact from natural and anthropogenic variations, (2) emission adjustment to reproduce real-time emissions, and (3) brute-force modeling to investigate Chinese economic activities. Results provide characteristics of the region's chemistry and emissions.
Hyun Cheol Kim, Eunhye Kim, Changhan Bae, Jeong Hoon Cho, Byeong-Uk Kim, and Soontae Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10315–10332, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10315-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10315-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study is intended to provide reference information regarding quantitative estimation of regional contributions and model uncertainty in meteorology simulations and emissions inventories. Simulated PM concentration is sensitive to meteorology, but estimated contributions are mostly robust. Regional contributions are also found to be sensitive to the choice of emissions inventories. The modeled results should be considered with caution when interpreted for emission regulation policy making.
Hyun Cheol Kim, Soontae Kim, Seok-Woo Son, Pius Lee, Chun-Sil Jin, Eunhye Kim, Byeong-Uk Kim, Fong Ngan, Changhan Bae, Chang-Keun Song, and Ariel Stein
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-673, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
In recent years, frequent occurrence of severe haze events in East Asia is one of the most serious public concerns in this region. We demonstrate that daily pollutant transport patterns in East Asia are visible from satellite images when inspected with corresponding synoptic weather analyses. Our manuscript focuses on the possible role of meteorology, especially by the routine passages of synoptic systems, on the production and removal of regional pollution in East Asia.
Jin-Su Han, Yong-Seok Seo, Moon-Kyung Kim, Thomas M. Holsen, and Seung-Muk Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7653–7662, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7653-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7653-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, mercury (Hg) was sampled weekly in dry and wet deposition and throughfall and monthly in litterfall, and it was volatilized from soil from August 2008 to February 2010 to identify the factors influencing the amount of atmospheric Hg deposited to forested areas in a temperate deciduous forest in South Korea.
Gang-San Lee, Pyung-Rae Kim, Young-Ji Han, Thomas M. Holsen, Yong-Seok Seo, and Seung-Muk Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4119–4133, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4119-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4119-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study was initiated to identify the sources affecting speciated mercury concentrations measured on the island located between mainland Korea and China. The results from various approaches consistently show that Korean sources are most important for gaseous oxidized form while for other Hg species regional transport was also important. It is also suggested that the secondary formation of particulate Hg becomes more important as the significance of long-range transport increased.
S. Song, N. E. Selin, A. L. Soerensen, H. Angot, R. Artz, S. Brooks, E.-G. Brunke, G. Conley, A. Dommergue, R. Ebinghaus, T. M. Holsen, D. A. Jaffe, S. Kang, P. Kelley, W. T. Luke, O. Magand, K. Marumoto, K. A. Pfaffhuber, X. Ren, G.-R. Sheu, F. Slemr, T. Warneke, A. Weigelt, P. Weiss-Penzias, D. C. Wip, and Q. Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7103–7125, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7103-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7103-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A better knowledge of mercury (Hg) emission fluxes into the global atmosphere is important for assessing its human health impacts and evaluating the effectiveness of corresponding policy actions. We for the first time apply a top-down approach at a global scale to quantitatively estimate present-day mercury emission sources as well as key parameters in a chemical transport model, in order to better constrain the global biogeochemical cycle of mercury.
B. H. Czader, P. Percell, D. Byun, S. Kim, and Y. Choi
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 1383–1394, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1383-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1383-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the development and evaluation of a hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian modeling tool based on the CMAQ model. In this tool, a small sub-domain consisting of grid cells in horizontal and veridical directions follows a trajectory defined by the mean mixed-layer wind. The advantage of this tool compared to other Lagrangian models is its capability to utilize realistic boundary conditions that change with space and time as well as a detailed treatment of chemical reactions.
S. Wang, T. M. Holsen, J. Huang, and Y.-J. Han
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-8585-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-8585-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
Y.-H. Ryu, J.-J. Baik, K.-H. Kwak, S. Kim, and N. Moon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 2177–2194, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2177-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2177-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Biomass-burning sources control ambient particulate matter, but traffic and industrial sources control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and secondary-pollutant formation during extreme pollution events in Delhi
Multi-year observations of variable incomplete combustion in the New York megacity
Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants in Nam Co: OH production and source analysis
Measurement report: Elevated atmospheric ammonia may promote particle pH and HONO formation – insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Measurement report: Vertical and temporal variability in the near-surface ozone production rate and sensitivity in an urban area in the Pearl River Delta region, China
Elevated oxidized mercury in the free troposphere: analytical advances and application at a remote continental mountaintop site
Using observed urban NOx sinks to constrain VOC reactivity and the ozone and radical budget in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Real-world emission characteristics of VOCs from typical cargo ships and their potential contributions to secondary organic aerosol and O3 under low-sulfur fuel policies
NO3 reactivity during a summer period in a temperate forest below and above the canopy
The role of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial outflow in atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons over the Chinese marginal seas
Concentration and source changes of nitrous acid (HONO) during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing
Characteristics and sources of nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and O3–NOx–NMVOC relationships in Zhengzhou, China
Deciphering anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to selected non-methane volatile organic compound emissions in an urban area
Emission characteristics of reactive organic gases (ROGs) from industrial volatile chemical products (VCPs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China
Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements
Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany
Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada, in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry
Opinion: Strengthening research in the Global South – atmospheric science opportunities in South America and Africa
Measurement Report: Urban Ammonia and Amines in Houston, Texas
Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS aircraft observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types and station-airport distance
Investigating Carbonyl Compounds above the Amazon Rainforest using PTR-ToF-MS with NO+ Chemical Ionization
Shipping and algae emissions have a major impact on ambient air mixing ratios of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and methanethiol on Utö Island in the Baltic Sea
Contribution of cooking emissions to the urban volatile organic compounds in Las Vegas, NV
Reanalysis of NOAA H2 observations: implications for the H2 budget
A large role of missing volatile organic compound reactivity from anthropogenic emissions in ozone pollution regulation
Measurement report: Insights into the chemical composition and origin of molecular clusters and potential precursor molecules present in the free troposphere over the southern Indian Ocean: observations from the Maïdo Observatory (2150 m a.s.l., Réunion)
Ozone deposition measurements over wheat fields in the North China Plain: variability and related factors of deposition flux and velocity
Production of oxygenated volatile organic compounds from the ozonolysis of coastal seawater
Comment on “Transport of substantial stratospheric ozone to the surface by a dying typhoon and shallow convection” by Chen et al. (2022)
Observations of cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the global troposphere and their relation to polar surface O3 destruction
CO2 and CO temporal variability over Mexico City from ground-based total column and surface measurements
Individual coal mine methane emissions constrained by eddy covariance measurements: low bias and missing sources
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest generation jet engines and 100% sustainable aviation fuel
Measurement report: Observations of ground-level ozone concentration gradients perpendicular to the Lake Ontario shoreline
Measurement report: The Palau Atmospheric Observatory and its ozonesonde record – continuous monitoring of tropospheric composition and dynamics in the tropical western Pacific
Quantifying SO2 oxidation pathways to atmospheric sulfate using stable sulfur and oxygen isotopes: laboratory simulation and field observation
Influences of downward transport and photochemistry on surface ozone over East Antarctica during austral summer: in situ observations and model simulations
Iodine oxoacids and their roles in sub-3 nm particle growth in polluted urban environments
Intensive photochemical oxidation in the marine atmosphere: evidence from direct radical measurements
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources
Measurement report: Method for evaluating CO2 emissions from a cement plant using atmospheric δ(O2 ∕ N2) and CO2 measurements and its implication for future detection of CO2 capture signals
Aircraft-based mass balance estimate of methane emissions from offshore gas facilities in the southern North Sea
Measurement report: Sources, sinks and lifetime of NOX in a sub-urban temperate forest at night
Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements
Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta
The interhemispheric gradient of SF6 in the upper troposphere
Weather regimes and the related atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory characterized by hierarchical clustering of a 5-year data set
Tropospheric bromine monoxide vertical profiles retrieved across the Alaskan Arctic in springtime
Source apportionment of methane emissions from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin using isotopic signatures
Measurement report: Exchange fluxes of HONO over agricultural fields in the North China Plain
Arpit Awasthi, Baerbel Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Sachin Mishra, Varkrishna Mummidivarapu, Gurmanjot Singh, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Vinayak Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10279–10304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use 111 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 in a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to resolve 11 pollution sources validated with chemical fingerprints. Crop residue burning and heating account for ~ 50 % of the PM, while traffic and industrial emissions dominate the gas-phase VOC burden and formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (> 60 %). Non-tailpipe emissions from compressed-natural-gas-fuelled commercial vehicles dominate the transport sector's PM burden.
Luke D. Schiferl, Cong Cao, Bronte Dalton, Andrew Hallward-Driemeier, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, and Róisín Commane
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10129–10142, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant and an important indicator of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels in cities. Using 4 years of winter and spring observations in New York City, we found that both the magnitude and variability of CO from the metropolitan area are greater than expected. Transportation emissions cannot explain the missing and variable CO, which points to energy from buildings as a likely underappreciated source of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Chengzhi Xing, Cheng Liu, Chunxiang Ye, Jingkai Xue, Hongyu Wu, Xiangguang Ji, Jinping Ou, and Qihou Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10093–10112, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We identified the contributions of ozone (O3) and nitrous acid (HONO) to the production rates of hydroxide (OH) in vertical space on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A new insight was offered: the contributions of HONO and O3 to the production rates of OH on the TP are even greater than in lower-altitudes areas. This study enriches the understanding of vertical distribution of atmospheric components and explains the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) on the TP.
Xinyuan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Nan Wang, Shuangliang Ma, Shenbo Wang, Ruiqin Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mingkai Wang, and Hongyu Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9885–9898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the importance of the redox reaction of NO2 with SO2 based on actual atmospheric observations. The particle pH in future China is expected to rise steadily. Consequently, this reaction could become a significant source of HONO in China. Therefore, it is crucial to coordinate the control of SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions to avoid a rapid increase in the particle pH.
Jun Zhou, Chunsheng Zhang, Aiming Liu, Bin Yuan, Yan Wang, Wenjie Wang, Jie-Ping Zhou, Yixin Hao, Xiao-Bing Li, Xianjun He, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Suxia Yang, Shuchun Yang, Yanfeng Wu, Bin Jiang, Shan Huang, Junwen Liu, Yuwen Peng, Jipeng Qi, Minhui Deng, Bowen Zhong, Yibo Huangfu, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9805–9826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In-depth understanding of the near-ground vertical variability in photochemical ozone (O3) formation is crucial for mitigating O3 pollution. Utilizing a self-built vertical observation system, a direct net photochemical O3 production rate detection system, and an observation-based model, we diagnosed the vertical distributions and formation mechanism of net photochemical O3 production rates and sensitivity in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most O3-polluted areas in China.
Eleanor J. Derry, Tyler R. Elgiar, Taylor Y. Wilmot, Nicholas W. Hoch, Noah S. Hirshorn, Peter Weiss-Penzias, Christopher F. Lee, John C. Lin, A. Gannet Hallar, Rainer Volkamer, Seth N. Lyman, and Lynne E. Gratz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9615–9643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed neurotoxic pollutant. Atmospheric deposition is the main source of Hg in ecosystems. However, measurement biases hinder understanding of the origins and abundance of the more bioavailable oxidized form. We used an improved, calibrated measurement system to study air mass composition and transport of atmospheric Hg at a remote mountaintop site in the central US. Oxidized Hg originated upwind in the low to middle free troposphere under clean, dry conditions.
Benjamin A. Nault, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, Donald R. Blake, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Ronald C. Cohen, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Samuel R. Hall, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Kyung-Eun Min, Young Ro Lee, Isobel J. Simpson, Kirk Ullmann, and Armin Wisthaler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9573–9595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) is a pollutant formed from the reactions of gases emitted from various sources. In urban areas, the density of human activities can increase the O3 formation rate (P(O3)), thus impacting air quality and health. Observations collected over Seoul, South Korea, are used to constrain P(O3). A high local P(O3) was found; however, local P(O3) was partly reduced due to compounds typically ignored. These observations also provide constraints for unmeasured compounds that will impact P(O3).
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8999–9017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mandatory use of low-sulfur fuel due to global sulfur limit regulations means large uncertainties in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. On-board tests of VOCs from nine cargo ships in China were carried out. Results showed that switching from heavy-fuel oil to diesel increased emission factor VOCs by 48 % on average, enhancing O3 and the secondary organic aerosol formation potential. Thus, implementing a global ultra-low-sulfur oil policy needs to be optimized in the near future.
Patrick Dewald, Tobias Seubert, Simone T. Andersen, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Max R. McGillen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Chaoyang Xue, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8983–8997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the scope of a field campaign in a suburban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022, we measured the reactivity of the nitrate radical NO3 towards biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs; e.g. monoterpenes) mainly below but also above the canopy. NO3 reactivity was the highest during nights with strong temperature inversions and decreased strongly with height. Reactions with BVOCs were the main removal process of NO3 throughout the diel cycle below the canopy.
Jian Wang, Lei Xue, Qianyao Ma, Feng Xu, Gaobin Xu, Shibo Yan, Jiawei Zhang, Jianlong Li, Honghai Zhang, Guiling Zhang, and Zhaohui Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8721–8736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the distribution and sources of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the lower atmosphere over the marginal seas of China. NMHCs, a subset of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. Derived from systematic atmospheric sampling in coastal cities and marginal sea regions, this study offers valuable insights into the interaction between land and sea in shaping offshore atmospheric NMHCs.
Yusheng Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Zemin Feng, Chaofan Lian, Weigang Wang, Xiaolong Fan, Wei Ma, Zhuohui Lin, Chang Li, Gen Zhang, Chao Yan, Ying Zhang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Federico Bianch, Tuukka Petäjä, Juha Kangasluoma, Markku Kulmala, and Yongchun Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8569–8587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The nitrous acid (HONO) budget was validated during a COVID-19 lockdown event. The main conclusions are (1) HONO concentrations showed a significant decrease from 0.97 to 0.53 ppb during lockdown; (2) vehicle emissions accounted for 53 % of nighttime sources, with the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on ground surfaces more important than aerosol; and (3) the dominant daytime source shifted from the homogenous reaction between NO and OH (51 %) to nitrate photolysis (53 %) during lockdown.
Dong Zhang, Xiao Li, Minghao Yuan, Yifei Xu, Qixiang Xu, Fangcheng Su, Shenbo Wang, and Ruiqin Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8549–8567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The increasing concentration of O3 precursors and unfavorable meteorological conditions are key factors in the formation of O3 pollution in Zhengzhou. Vehicular exhausts (28 %), solvent usage (27 %), and industrial production (22 %) are identified as the main sources of NMVOCs. Moreover, O3 formation in Zhengzhou is found to be in an anthropogenic volatile organic compound (AVOC)-limited regime. Thus, to reduce O3 formation, a minimum AVOCs / NOx reduction ratio ≥ 3 : 1 is recommended.
Arianna Peron, Martin Graus, Marcus Striednig, Christian Lamprecht, Georg Wohlfahrt, and Thomas Karl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7063–7083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The anthropogenic fraction of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions associated with biogenic sources (e.g., terpenes) is investigated based on eddy covariance observations. The anthropogenic fraction of terpene emissions is strongly dependent on season. When analyzing volatile chemical product (VCP) emissions in urban environments, we caution that observations from short-term campaigns might over-/underestimate their significance depending on local and seasonal circumstances.
Sihang Wang, Bin Yuan, Xianjun He, Ru Cui, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Caihong Wu, Chaomin Wang, Yibo Huangfu, Xiao-Bing Li, Boguang Wang, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7101–7121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions of reactive organic gases from industrial volatile chemical product sources are measured. There are large differences among these industrial sources. We show that oxygenated species account for significant contributions to reactive organic gas emissions, especially for industrial sources utilizing water-borne chemicals.
Qing Yang, Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yibo Huangfu, Lei Yang, Xianjun He, Jipeng Qi, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6865–6882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of formic and isocyanic acids were made based on a 320 m tower in a megacity. Vertical variations and sources of the two acids were analyzed in this study. We find that formic and isocyanic acids exhibited positive vertical gradients and were mainly contributed by photochemical formations. The formation of formic and isocyanic acids was also significantly enhanced in urban regions aloft.
Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Feng Jiang, Linyu Gao, Hengheng Zhang, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6699–6717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents concurrent online measurements of organic gas and particles (VOCs and OA) at a forested site in summer. Both VOCs and OA were largely contributed by oxygenated organic compounds. Semi-volatile oxygenated OA and organic nitrate formed from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes contributed significantly to nighttime particle growth. The results help us to understand the causes of nighttime particle growth regularly observed in summer in central European rural forested environments.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5863–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses snow samples collected from a Canadian high Arctic site, Eureka, to demonstrate that surface snow in early spring is a net sink of atmospheric bromine and nitrogen. Surface snow bromide and nitrate are significantly correlated, indicating the oxidation of reactive nitrogen is accelerated by reactive bromine. In addition, we show evidence that snow photochemical release of reactive bromine is very weak, and its emission flux is much smaller than the deposition flux of bromide.
Rebecca M. Garland, Katye E. Altieri, Laura Dawidowski, Laura Gallardo, Aderiana Mbandi, Nestor Y. Rojas, and N'datchoh E. Touré
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5757–5764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion piece focuses on two geographical areas in the Global South where the authors are based that are underrepresented in atmospheric science. This opinion provides context on common challenges and constraints, with suggestions on how the community can address these. The focus is on the strengths of atmospheric science research in these regions. It is these strengths, we believe, that highlight the critical role of Global South researchers in the future of atmospheric science research.
Lee Tiszenkel, James Flynn, and Shan-Hu Lee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia and amines are important ingredients for aerosol formation in urban environments, but the measurements of these compounds are extremely challenging. Our observations show that urban ammonia and amines in Houston are emitted from urban sources and diurnal variations of their concentrations are governed by gas-to-particle conversion processes.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, and Tianliang Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites in the WOUDC and IAGOS datasets from 1995 to 2021, compare the average vertical distribution of tropospheric O3 shown by ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze their differences by ozonesonde type and by station-airport distance.
Akima Ringsdorf, Achim Edtbauer, Bruna Holanda, Christopher Poehlker, Marta O. Sá, Alessandro Araújo, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show the average height distribution of separately observed aldehydes and ketones over a day and discuss their rainforest-specific sources and sinks and their seasonal changes above the Amazon rainforest. Ketones have much longer atmospheric lifetimes than aldehydes, and thus different implications for atmospheric chemistry. However, they are commonly observed together, which we overcome by measuring with a NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the first time in the Amazon rainforest.
Heidi Hellén, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Kaisa Kraft, Jukka Seppälä, Mika Vestenius, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lauri Laakso, and Hannele Hakola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4717–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mixing ratios of C2-C5 NMHCs and methanethiol were measured on an island in the Baltic Sea using an in situ gas chromatograph. Shipping emissions were found to be an important source of ethene, ethyne, propene, and benzene. High summertime mixing ratios of methanethiol and dependence of mixing ratios on seawater temperature and height indicated the biogenic origin to possibly be phytoplankton or macroalgae. These emissions may have a strong impact on SO2 production and new particle formation.
Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Jeff Peischl, Jessica B. Gilman, Aaron Lamplugh, Henry J. Bowman, Kenneth Aikin, Colin Harkins, Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Jian He, Meng Li, Karl Seltzer, Brian McDonald, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4289–4304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Residential and commercial cooking emits pollutants that degrade air quality. Here, ambient observations show that cooking is an important contributor to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in Las Vegas, NV. These emissions are not fully presented in air quality models, and more work may be needed to quantify emissions from important sources, such as commercial restaurants.
Fabien Paulot, Gabrielle Pétron, Andrew M. Crotwell, and Matteo B. Bertagni
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4217–4229, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
New data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration show that hydrogen (H2) concentrations increased from 2010 to 2019, which is consistent with the simulated increase in H2 photochemical production (mainly from methane). But this cannot be reconciled with the expected decrease (increase) in H2 anthropogenic emissions (soil deposition) in the same period. This shows gaps in our knowledge of the H2 biogeochemical cycle that must be resolved to quantify the impact of higher H2 usage.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, Chaoyang Xue, Chaoqun Ma, Fengxia Bao, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the important role of unmeasured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation. Based on results in a megacity of China, we show that unmeasured VOCs can contribute significantly to ozone fomation and also influence the determination of ozone control strategy. Our results show that these unmeasured VOCs are mainly from human sources.
Romain Salignat, Matti Rissanen, Siddharth Iyer, Jean-Luc Baray, Pierre Tulet, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jérôme Brioude, Karine Sellegri, and Clémence Rose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3785–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using mass spectrometry data collected at the Maïdo Observatory (2160 m a.s.l., Réunion), we provide the first detailed analysis of molecular cluster chemical composition specifically in the marine free troposphere. The abundance of the identified species is related both to in situ meteorological parameters and air mass history, which also provide insight into their origin. Our work makes an important contribution to documenting the chemistry and physics of the marine free troposphere.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process removing surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystem and climate change. This study conducted an O3 deposition measurement over wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities of O3 deposition were detected mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanism, model optimization.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Gordon A. Novak, Megan S. Claflin, Brian M. Lerner, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3729–3742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laboratory experiments with seawater mimics suggest ozone deposition to the surface ocean can be a source of reactive carbon to the marine atmosphere. We conduct both field and laboratory measurements to assess abiotic VOC composition and yields from ozonolysis of real surface seawater. We show that C5–C11 aldehydes contribute to the observed VOC emission flux. We estimate that VOCs generated by the ozonolysis of surface seawater are competitive with biological VOC production and emission.
Xiangdong Zheng, Wen Yang, Yuting Sun, Chunmei Geng, Yingying Liu, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3759–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chen et al. (2022) attributed the nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE) during the night of 31 July 2021 in the North China Plain (NCP) to "the direct stratospheric intrusion to reach the surface". We analyzed in situ data from the NCP. Our results do not suggest that there was a significant impact from the stratosphere on surface ozone during the NOE. We argue that the NOE was not caused by stratospheric intrusion but originated from fresh photochemical production in the lower troposphere.
James M. Roberts, Siyuan Wang, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Michael A. Robinson, Ilann Bourgeois, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Hannah M. Allen, John D. Crounse, Paul O. Wennberg, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Simone Meinardi, Isobel J. Simpson, and Donald Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3421–3443, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the troposphere for the first time. BrCN is a product of the same active bromine chemistry that destroys ozone and removes mercury in polar surface environments and is a previously unrecognized sink for active Br compounds. BrCN has an apparent lifetime against heterogeneous loss in the range 1–10 d, so it serves as a cumulative marker of Br-radical chemistry. Accounting for BrCN chemistry is an important part of understanding polar Br cycling.
Noémie Taquet, Wolfgang Stremme, María Eugenia Gonzalez del Castillo, Victor Almanza, Alejandro Bezanilla, Olivier Laurent, Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Michel Ramonet, Thomas Lauvaux, Ke Che, and Michel Grutter
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability of CO and CO2 and their ratio over Mexico City from long-term time-resolved FTIR solar absorption and surface measurements. Using the average intraday CO growth rate from total columns and TROPOMI measurements, we additionally estimate the interannual variability of CO and CO2 anthropogenic emissions of the City and relate it to the main influencing events of the last decade, such as the COVID-19 lock-down.
Kai Qin, Wei Hu, Qin He, Fan Lu, and Jason Blake Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3009–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We compute CH4 emissions and uncertainty on a mine-by-mine basis, including underground, overground, and abandoned mines. Mine-by-mine gas and flux data and 30 min observations from a flux tower located next to a mine shaft are integrated. The observed variability and bias correction are propagated over the emissions dataset, demonstrating that daily observations may not cover the range of variability. Comparisons show both an emissions magnitude and spatial mismatch with current inventories.
Theresa Harlass, Rebecca Dischl, Stefan Kaufmann, Raphael Märkl, Daniel Sauer, Monika Scheibe, Paul Stock, Tiziana Bräuer, Andreas Dörnbrack, Anke Roiger, Hans Schlager, Ulrich Schumann, Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Linda Bondorf, Charles Renard, Maxime Gauthier, Mark Johnson, Darren Luff, Paul Madden, Peter Swann, Denise Ahrens, Reetu Sallinen, and Christiane Voigt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft have a direct impact on our climate. Here, we present airborne and ground based measurement data of nitrogen oxides which were collected in the exhaust of an Airbus aircraft. We study the impact of burning fossil and sustainable aviation fuel on nitrogen oxide emissions at different engine settings related to combustor temperature, pressure and fuel flow. Further, we compare observations with engine emission models.
Yao Yan Huang and D. James Donaldson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2387–2398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-level ozone interacts at the lake–land boundary; this is important to our understanding and modelling of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution in the lower atmosphere. We show that a steep ozone gradient occurs year-round moving inland up to 1 km from the lake and that this gradient is influenced by seasonal factors on the local land environment, where more rural areas are more greatly affected seasonally.
Katrin Müller, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Peter von der Gathen, Christoph Ritter, Sharon Patris, Justus Notholt, and Markus Rex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2169–2193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Palau Atmospheric Observatory is introduced as an ideal site to detect changes in atmospheric composition and dynamics above the remote tropical western Pacific. We focus on the ozone sounding program from 2016–2021, including El Niño 2016. The year-round high convective activity is reflected in dominant low tropospheric ozone and high relative humidity. Their seasonal distributions are unique compared to other tropical sites and are modulated by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Ziyan Guo, Keding Lu, Pengxiang Qiu, Mingyi Xu, and Zhaobing Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2195–2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of secondary sulfate needs to be further explored. In this work, we simultaneously measured sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions to gain an increased understanding of specific sulfate formation processes. The results indicated that secondary sulfate was mainly ascribed to SO2 homogeneous oxidation by OH radicals and heterogeneous oxidation by H2O2 and Fe3+ / O2. This study is favourable for deeply investigating the sulfur cycle in the atmosphere.
Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Kandula V. Subrahmanyam, Neelakantan Koushik, Mohammed M. Nazeer, Nadimpally Kiran Kumar, Surendran Nair Suresh Babu, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1979–1995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate surface ozone variability in East Antarctica based on measurements and EMAC global model simulations during austral summer. Nearly half of the surface ozone is found to be of stratospheric origin. The east coast of Antarctica acts as a stronger sink of ozone than surrounding regions. Photochemical loss of ozone is counterbalanced by downward transport of ozone. The study highlights the intertwined role of chemistry and dynamics in governing ozone variations over East Antarctica.
Ying Zhang, Duzitian Li, Xu-Cheng He, Wei Nie, Chenjuan Deng, Runlong Cai, Yuliang Liu, Yishuo Guo, Chong Liu, Yiran Li, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Chenjie Hua, Tingyu Liu, Zongcheng Wang, Jiali Xie, Lei Wang, Tuukka Petäjä, Federico Bianchi, Ximeng Qi, Xuguang Chi, Pauli Paasonen, Yongchun Liu, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Aijun Ding, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1873–1893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducts a long-term observation of gaseous iodine oxoacids in two Chinese megacities, revealing their ubiquitous presence with peak concentrations (up to 0.1 pptv) in summer. Our analysis suggests a mix of terrestrial and marine sources for iodine. Additionally, iodic acid is identified as a notable contributor to sub-3 nm particle growth and particle survival probability.
Guoxian Zhang, Renzhi Hu, Pinhua Xie, Changjin Hu, Xiaoyan Liu, Liujun Zhong, Haotian Cai, Bo Zhu, Shiyong Xia, Xiaofeng Huang, Xin Li, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1825–1839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observation of HOx radicals was conducted at a coastal site in the Pearl River Delta. Radical chemistry was influenced by different air masses in a time-dependent way. Land mass promotes a more active photochemical process, with daily averages of 7.1 × 106 and 5.2 × 108 cm−3 for OH and HO2 respectively. The rapid oxidation process was accompanied by a higher diurnal HONO concentration, which influences the ozone-sensitive system and eventually magnifies the background ozone.
Sarah Albertin, Joël Savarino, Slimane Bekki, Albane Barbero, Roberto Grilli, Quentin Fournier, Irène Ventrillard, Nicolas Caillon, and Kathy Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1361–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the first simultaneous records of oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3−). These data are combined with atmospheric observations to explore sub-daily N reactive chemistry and quantify N fractionation effects in an Alpine winter city. The results highlight the necessity of using Δ17O and δ15N in both NO2 and NO3− to avoid biased estimations of NOx sources and fates from NO3− isotopic records in urban winter environments.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Magdalena Pühl, Anke Roiger, Alina Fiehn, Alan M. Gorchov Negron, Eric A. Kort, Stefan Schwietzke, Ignacio Pisso, Amy Foulds, James Lee, James L. France, Anna E. Jones, Dave Lowry, Rebecca E. Fisher, Langwen Huang, Jacob Shaw, Prudence Bateson, Stephen Andrews, Stuart Young, Pamela Dominutti, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Alexandra Weiss, and Grant Allen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1005–1024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In April–May 2019 we carried out an airborne field campaign in the southern North Sea with the aim of studying methane emissions of offshore gas installations. We determined methane emissions from elevated methane measured downstream of the sampled installations. We compare our measured methane emissions with estimated methane emissions from national and global annual inventories. As a result, we find inconsistencies of inventories and large discrepancies between measurements and inventories.
Simone T. Andersen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Tobias Seubert, Patrick Dewald, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Lucy J. Carpenter, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Through measurements of various trace gases in a sub-urban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022 we were able to gain insight into the sources and sinks of NOx (NO+NO2) with a special focus on their nighttime chemical/physical loss processes. NO was observed as a result of nighttime soil emissions when ozone levels were strongly depleted by deposition. NO oxidation products were not observed at night indicating that soil and/or foliar surfaces are an efficient sink of reactive nitrogen.
Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Hannah Allen, Eric C. Apel, Megan M. Bela, Donald R. Blake, Ilann Bourgeois, Steven S. Brown, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jason M. St. Clair, James H. Crawford, John D. Crounse, Douglas A. Day, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Alan Fried, Jessica B. Gilman, Hongyu Guo, Johnathan W. Hair, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem Hannun, Alan Hills, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Joseph M. Katich, Aaron Lamplugh, Young Ro Lee, Jin Liao, Jakob Lindaas, Stuart A. McKeen, Tomas Mikoviny, Benjamin A. Nault, J. Andrew Neuman, John B. Nowak, Demetrios Pagonis, Jeff Peischl, Anne E. Perring, Felix Piel, Pamela S. Rickly, Michael A. Robinson, Andrew W. Rollins, Thomas B. Ryerson, Melinda K. Schueneman, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Joshua P. Schwarz, Kanako Sekimoto, Vanessa Selimovic, Taylor Shingler, David J. Tanner, Laura Tomsche, Krystal T. Vasquez, Patrick R. Veres, Rebecca Washenfelder, Petter Weibring, Paul O. Wennberg, Armin Wisthaler, Glenn M. Wolfe, Caroline C. Womack, Lu Xu, Katherine Ball, Robert J. Yokelson, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 929–956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports emissions of gases and particles from wildfires. These emissions are related to chemical proxies that can be measured by satellite and incorporated into models to improve predictions of wildfire impacts on air quality and climate.
Jie Wang, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Lili Ming, Zelong Zheng, Guizhen Fang, Cuizhi Sun, Zhenhao Ling, Jun Zhao, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 977–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Many works report NO3 chemistry in inland regions while less target marine regions. We measured N2O5 and related species on a typical island and found intensive nighttime chemistry and rapid NO3 loss. NO contributed significantly to NO3 loss despite its sub-ppbv level, suggesting nocturnal NO3 reactions would be largely enhanced once free from NO emissions in the open ocean. This highlights the strong influences of urban outflow on downward marine areas in terms of nighttime chemistry.
Tanja J. Schuck, Johannes Degen, Eric Hintsa, Peter Hoor, Markus Jesswein, Timo Keber, Daniel Kunkel, Fred Moore, Florian Obersteiner, Matt Rigby, Thomas Wagenhäuser, Luke M. Western, Andreas Zahn, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 689–705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the interhemispheric gradient of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a strong long-lived greenhouse gas. Its emissions are stronger in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, mixing ratios in the Southern Hemisphere lag behind. Comparing the observations to a box model, the model predicts air in the Southern Hemisphere to be older. For a better agreement, the emissions used as model input need to be increased (and their spatial pattern changed), and we need to modify north–south transport.
Jérémy Gueffier, François Gheusi, Marie Lothon, Véronique Pont, Alban Philibert, Fabienne Lohou, Solène Derrien, Yannick Bezombes, Gilles Athier, Yves Meyerfeld, Antoine Vial, and Emmanuel Leclerc
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 287–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the link between weather regime and atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory. Five years of meteorological data were synchronized on a daily basis and then, using a clustering method, separated into six groups of observation days, with most showing marked characteristics of different weather regimes (fair and disturbed weather, winter windstorms, foehn). Statistical differences in gas and particle concentrations appeared between the groups and are discussed.
Nathaniel Brockway, Peter K. Peterson, Katja Bigge, Kristian D. Hajny, Paul B. Shepson, Kerri A. Pratt, Jose D. Fuentes, Tim Starn, Robert Kaeser, Brian H. Stirm, and William R. Simpson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 23–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bromine monoxide (BrO) strongly affects atmospheric chemistry in the springtime Arctic, yet there are still many uncertainties around its sources and recycling, particularly in the context of a rapidly changing Arctic. In this study, we observed BrO as a function of altitude above the Alaskan Arctic. We found that BrO was often most concentrated near the ground, confirming the ability of snow to produce and recycle reactive bromine, and identified four common vertical distributions of BrO.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Julian Kostinek, Michał Gałkowski, Christoph Gerbig, Michael Rothe, Thomas Röckmann, Malika Menoud, Hossein Maazallahi, Martina Schmidt, Piotr Korbeń, Jarosław Neçki, Mila Stanisavljević, Justyna Swolkień, Andreas Fix, and Anke Roiger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15749–15765, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the CoMet mission in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) ground-based and airborne air samples were taken and analyzed for the isotopic composition of CH4 to derive the mean signature of the USCB and source signatures of individual coal mines. Using δ2H signatures, the biogenic emissions from the USCB account for 15 %–50 % of total emissions, which is underestimated in common emission inventories. This demonstrates the importance of δ2H-CH4 observations for methane source apportionment.
Yifei Song, Chaoyang Xue, Yuanyuan Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Fengxia Bao, Xuran Li, and Yujing Mu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15733–15747, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present measurements of HONO flux and related parameters over an agricultural field during a whole growing season of summer maize. This dataset allows studies on the characteristics and influencing factors of soil HONO emissions, determination of HONO emission factors, estimation of total HONO emissions at a national scale, and the discussion on future environmental policies in terms of mitigating regional air pollution.
Cited articles
Adame, J., Notario, A., Villanueva, F., and Albaladejo, J.: Application of cluster analysis to surface ozone, NO2 and SO2 daily patterns in an industrial area in Central-Southern Spain measured with a DOAS system, Sci. Total Environ., 429, 281–291, 2012.
AMAP/UNEP: Technical Background Report for the Global Mercury Assessment 2013. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, Oslo, Norway/UNEP Chemicals Branch, Geneva, Switzerland, 263 pp., 2013.
Amyot, M., Mcqueen, D. J., Mierle, G., and Lean, D. R.: Sunlight-induced formation of dissolved gaseous mercury in lake waters, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 2366–2371, 1994.
Ashbaugh, L. L., Malm, W. C., and Sadeh, W. Z.: A residence time probability analysis of sulfur concentrations at Grand Canyon National Park, Atmos. Environ., 19, 1263–1270, 1985.
Begum, B. A., Kim, E., Biswas, S. K., and Hopke, P. K.: Investigation of sources of atmospheric aerosol at urban and semi-urban areas in Bangladesh, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3025–3038, 2004.
Brown, R. J., Goddard, S. L., Butterfield, D. M., Brown, A. S., Robins, C., Mustoe, C. L., and Mcghee, E. A.: Ten years of mercury measurement at urban and industrial air quality monitoring stations in the UK, Atmos. Environ., 109, 1–8, 2015.
Bullock, O. R., Brehme, K. A., and Mapp, G. R.: Lagrangian modeling of mercury air emission, transport and deposition: an analysis of model sensitivity to emissions uncertainty, Sci. Total Environ., 213, 1–12, 1998.
Chen, L., Liu, M., Xu, Z., Fan, R., Tao, J., Chen, D., Zhang, D., Xie, D., and Sun, J.: Variation trends and influencing factors of total gaseous mercury in the Pearl River Delta – A highly industrialised region in South China influenced by seasonal monsoons, Atmos. Environ., 77, 757–766, 2013.
Cheng, I., Zhang, L., Mao, H., Blanchard, P., Tordon, R., and Dalziel, J.: Seasonal and diurnal patterns of speciated atmospheric mercury at a coastal-rural and a coastal-urban site, Atmos. Environ., 82, 193–205, 2014.
Cheng, M. D., Hopke, P. K., and Zeng, Y.: A receptor-oriented methodology for determining source regions of particulate sulfate observed at Dorset, Ontario, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 98, 16839–16849, 1993.
Choi, E.-M., Kim, S.-H., Holsen, T. M., and Yi, S.-M.: Total gaseous concentrations in mercury in Seoul, Korea: local sources compared to long-range transport from China and Japan, Environ. Pollut., 157, 816–822, 2009.
Choi, E.-M., Heo, J.-B., Hopke, P. K., Jin, B.-B., and Yi, S.-M.: Identification, apportionment, and photochemical reactivity of non-methane hydrocarbon sources in Busan, Korea, Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 215, 67–82, 2011.
Choi, H.-D., Huang, J., Mondal, S., and Holsen, T. M.: Variation in concentrations of three mercury (Hg) forms at a rural and a suburban site in New York State, Sci. Total Environ., 448, 96–106, 2013.
Dommergue, A., Ferrari, C. P., Planchon, F. A., and Boutron, C. F.: Influence of anthropogenic sources on total gaseous mercury variability in Grenoble suburban air (France), Sci. Total Environ., 297, 203–213, 2002.
Durnford, D., Dastoor, A., Figueras-Nieto, D., and Ryjkov, A.: Long range transport of mercury to the Arctic and across Canada, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6063–6086, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6063-2010, 2010.
Dvonch, J., Graney, J., Marsik, F., Keeler, G., and Stevens, R.: An investigation of source–receptor relationships for mercury in south Florida using event precipitation data, Sci. Total Environ., 213, 95–108, 1998.
Ebinghaus, R., Jennings, S., Kock, H., Derwent, R., Manning, A., and Spain, T.: Decreasing trends in total gaseous mercury observations in baseline air at Mace Head, Ireland from 1996 to 2009, Atmos. Environ., 45, 3475–3480, 2011.
Fang, F., Wang, Q., and Li, J.: Urban environmental mercury in Changchun, a metropolitan city in Northeastern China: source, cycle, and fate, Sci. Total Environ., 330, 159–170, 2004.
Feng, X., Shang, L., Wang, S., Tang, S., and Zheng, W.: Temporal variation of total gaseous mercury in the air of Guiyang, China, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D03303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004159, 2004.
Flanders, J., Turner, R., Morrison, T., Jensen, R., Pizzuto, J., Skalak, K., and Stahl, R.: Distribution, behavior, and transport of inorganic and methylmercury in a high gradient stream, Appl. Geochem., 25, 1756–1769, 2010.
Friedli, H. R., Arellano Jr., A. F., Geng, F., Cai, C., and Pan, L.: Measurements of atmospheric mercury in Shanghai during September 2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 3781–3788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3781-2011, 2011.
Friedli, H. R., Radke, L. F., Prescott, R., Li, P., Woo, J. H., and Carmichael, G. R.: Mercury in the atmosphere around Japan, Korea, and China as observed during the 2001 ACE-Asia field campaign: Measurements, distributions, sources, and implications, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D19S25, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004244, 2004.
Fu, X., Feng, X., Zhu, W., Wang, S., and Lu, J.: Total gaseous mercury concentrations in ambient air in the eastern slope of Mt. Gongga, South-Eastern fringe of the Tibetan plateau, China, Atmos. Environ., 42, 970–979, 2008.
Fu, X. W., Feng, X., Dong, Z. Q., Yin, R. S., Wang, J. X., Yang, Z. R., and Zhang, H.: Atmospheric gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations and mercury depositions at a high-altitude mountain peak in south China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2425–2437, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2425-2010, 2010.
Fu, X., Zhang, H., Lin, C.-J., Feng, X., Zhou, L., and Fang, S.: Correlation slopes of GEM/CO, GEM/CO2, and GEM/CH4 and estimated mercury emissions in China, South Asia, the Indochinese Peninsula, and Central Asia derived from observations in northwestern and southwestern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1013–1028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1013-2015, 2015.
Gabriel, M. C., Williamson, D. G., Brooks, S., and Lindberg, S.: Atmospheric speciation of mercury in two contrasting Southeastern US airsheds, Atmos. Environ., 39, 4947–4958, 2005.
Gauchard, P.-A., Ferrari, C. P., Dommergue, A., Poissant, L., Pilote, M., Guehenneux, G., Boutron, C. F., and Baussand, P.: Atmospheric particle evolution during a nighttime atmospheric mercury depletion event in sub-Arctic at Kuujjuarapik/Whapmagoostui, Quebec, Canada, Sci. Total Environ., 336, 215–224, 2005.
Gupta, A., Patil, R., and Gupta, S.: Emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants in a port and harbour region in India, Environ. Monit. Assess., 80, 187–205, 2002.
Hall, C. B., Mao, H., Ye, Z., Talbot, R., Ding, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, J., Wang, T., Lin, C.-J., and Fu, C.: Sources and Dynamic Processes Controlling Background and Peak Concentrations of TGM in Nanjing, China, Atmosphere, 5, 124–155, 2014.
Han, Y.-J., Holsen, T. M., Hopke, P. K., Cheong, J.-P., Kim, H., and Yi, S.-M.: Identification of source locations for atmospheric dry deposition of heavy metals during yellow-sand events in Seoul, Korea in 1998 using hybrid receptor models, Atmos. Environ., 38, 5353–5361, 2004.
Han, Y.-J., Holsen, T. M., Hopke, P. K., and Yi, S.-M.: Comparison between back-trajectory based modeling and Lagrangian backward dispersion modeling for locating sources of reactive gaseous mercury, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1715–1723, 2005.
Han, Y.-J., Kim, J.-E., Kim, P.-R., Kim, W.-J., Yi, S.-M., Seo, Y.-S., and Kim, S.-H.: General trends of atmospheric mercury concentrations in urban and rural areas in Korea and characteristics of high-concentration events, Atmos. Environ., 94, 754–764, 2014.
Heo, J.-B., Hopke, P., and Yi, S.-M.: Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Seoul, Korea, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4957–4971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4957-2009, 2009.
Holmes, C. D., Jacob, D. J., Mason, R. P., and Jaffe, D. A.: Sources and deposition of reactive gaseous mercury in the marine atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 43, 2278–2285, 2009.
Hopke, P., Barrie, L., Li, S. M., Cheng, M. D., Li, C., and Xie, Y.: Possible sources and preferred pathways for biogenic and non-sea-salt sulfur for the high Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 16595–16603, 1995.
Hopke, P. K.: Recent developments in receptor modeling, J. Chemometrics, 17, 255–265, 2003.
Hopke, P. K., Zhou, L., and Poirot, R. L.: Reconciling trajectory ensemble receptor model results with emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 7980–7983, 2005.
Hoyer, M., Burke, J., and Keeler, G.: Atmospheric sources, transport and deposition of mercury in Michigan: Two years of event precipitation, Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 80, 199–208, 1995.
Hsu, Y.-K., Holsen, T. M., and Hopke, P. K.: Comparison of hybrid receptor models to locate PCB sources in Chicago, Atmos. Environ., 37, 545–562, 2003.
Huang, J., Choi, H.-D., Hopke, P. K., and Holsen, T. M.: Ambient mercury sources in Rochester, NY: results from principle components analysis (PCA) of mercury monitoring network data, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 8441–8445, 2010.
Jaffe, D., Prestbo, E., Swartzendruber, P., Weiss-Penzias, P., Kato, S., Takami, A., Hatakeyama, S., and Kajii, Y.: Export of atmospheric mercury from Asia, Atmos. Environ., 39, 3029–3038, 2005.
Jen, Y.-H., Yuan, C.-S., Hung, C.-H., Ie, I.-R., and Tsai, C.-M.: Tempospatial variation and partition of atmospheric mercury during wet and dry seasons at sensitivity sites within a heavily polluted industrial city, Aerosol Air Qual. Res, 13, 13–23, 2013.
Keeler, G. and Barres, J.: Sampling and Analysis for Atmospheric Mercury, Center for Environmental Research Information, Cincinati, 1999.
Kellerhals, M., Beauchamp, S., Belzer, W., Blanchard, P., Froude, F., Harvey, B., Mcdonald, K., Pilote, M., Poissant, L., and Puckett, K.: Temporal and spatial variability of total gaseous mercury in Canada: results from the Canadian Atmospheric Mercury Measurement Network (CAMNet), Atmos. Environ., 37, 1003–1011, 2003.
Kim, E., Hopke, P. K., and Edgerton, E. S.: Source identification of Atlanta aerosol by positive matrix factorization, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 53, 731–739, 2003a.
Kim, E., Larson, T. V., Hopke, P. K., Slaughter, C., Sheppard, L. E., and Claiborn, C.: Source identification of PM2.5 in an arid Northwest US City by positive matrix factorization, Atmos. Res., 66, 291–305, 2003b.
Kim, J.-H., Park, J.-M., Lee, S.-B., Pudasainee, D., and Seo, Y.-C.: Anthropogenic mercury emission inventory with emission factors and total emission in Korea, Atmos. Environ., 44, 2714–2721, 2010.
Kim, K.-H., Brown, R. J., Kwon, E., Kim, I.-S., and Sohn, J.-R.: Atmospheric mercury at an urban station in Korea across three decades, Atmos. Environ., 131, 124–132, 2016.
Kim, K.-H. and Kim, M.-Y.: The effects of anthropogenic sources on temporal distribution characteristics of total gaseous mercury in Korea, Atmos. Environ., 34, 3337–3347, 2000.
Kim, K.-H. and Kim, M.-Y.: Some insights into short-term variability of total gaseous mercury in urban air, Atmos. Environ., 35, 49–59, 2001.
Kim, S.-H., Han, Y.-J., Holsen, T. M., and Yi, S.-M.: Characteristics of atmospheric speciated mercury concentrations (TGM, Hg (II) and Hg (p)) in Seoul, Korea, Atmos. Environ., 43, 3267–3274, 2009.
Kuo, T.-H., Chang, C.-F., Urba, A., and Kvietkus, K.: Atmospheric gaseous mercury in Northern Taiwan, Sci. Total Environ., 368, 10–18, 2006.
Lai, S.-O., Holsen, T. M., Hopke, P. K., and Liu, P.: Wet deposition of mercury at a New York state rural site: concentrations, fluxes, and source areas, Atmos. Environ., 41, 4337–4348, 2007.
Laurier, F. J., Mason, R. P., Whalin, L., and Kato, S.: Reactive gaseous mercury formation in the North Pacific Ocean's marine boundary layer: A potential role of halogen chemistry, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, D174529, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003625, 2003.
Lee, D. S., Dollard, G. J., and Pepler, S.: Gas-phase mercury in the atmosphere of the United Kingdom, Atmos. Environ., 32, 855–864, 1998.
Lee, S. J., Seo, Y.-C., Jurng, J., Hong, J.-H., Park, J.-W., Hyun, J. E., and Lee, T. G.: Mercury emissions from selected stationary combustion sources in Korea, Sci. Total Environ., 325, 155–161, 2004.
Li, Z., Xia, C., Wang, X., Xiang, Y., and Xie, Z.: Total gaseous mercury in Pearl River Delta region, China during 2008 winter period, Atmos. Environ., 45, 834–838, 2011.
Lim, C.-J., Cheng, M.-D., and Schroeder, W. H.: Transport patterns and potential sources of total gaseous mercury measured in Canadian high Arctic in 1995, Atmos. Environ., 35, 1141–1154, 2001.
Lin, C.-J. and Pehkonen, S. O.: The chemistry of atmospheric mercury: a review, Atmos. Environ., 33, 2067–2079, 1999.
Lin, C.-J., Pongprueksa, P., Lindberg, S. E., Pehkonen, S. O., Byun, D., and Jang, C.: Scientific uncertainties in atmospheric mercury models I: Model science evaluation, Atmos. Environ., 40, 2911–2928, 2006.
Lindberg, S., Bullock, R., Ebinghaus, R., Engstrom, D., Feng, X., Fitzgerald, W., Pirrone, N., Prestbo, E., and Seigneur, C.: A synthesis of progress and uncertainties in attributing the sources of mercury in deposition, AMBIO, 36, 19–33, 2007.
Liu, N., Qiu, G., Landis, M. S., Feng, X., Fu, X., and Shang, L.: Atmospheric mercury species measured in Guiyang, Guizhou province, southwest China, Atmos. Res., 100, 93–102, 2011.
Lu, J. Y. and Schroeder, W. H.: Annual time-series of total filterable atmospheric mercury concentrations in the Arctic, Tellus B, 56, 213–222, 2004.
Lynam, M. M. and Keeler, G. J.: Source–receptor relationships for atmospheric mercury in urban Detroit, Michigan, Atmos. Environ., 40, 3144–3155, 2006.
Mao, H., Talbot, R., Sigler, J., Sive, B., and Hegarty, J.: Seasonal and diurnal variations of Hg over New England, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1403–1421, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1403-2008, 2008.
Marumoto, K., Hayashi, M., and Takami, A.: Atmospheric mercury concentrations at two sites in the Kyushu Islands, Japan, and evidence of long-range transport from East Asia, Atmos. Environ., 117, 147–155, 2015.
Mason, R. P. and Sheu, G. R.: Role of the ocean in the global mercury cycle, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16, 40-1–40-14, 2002.
Miller, C. L., Watson, D. B., Lester, B. P., Lowe, K. A., Pierce, E. M., and Liang, L.: Characterization of soils from an industrial complex contaminated with elemental mercury, Environ. Res., 125, 20–29, 2013.
Muntean, M., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Song, S., Selin, N. E., Olivier, J. G., Guizzardi, D., Maas, R., and Dentener, F.: Trend analysis from 1970 to 2008 and model evaluation of EDGARv4 global gridded anthropogenic mercury emissions, Sci. Total Environ., 494, 337–350, 2014.
Nakagawa, R.: Studies on the levels in atmospheric concentrations of mercury in Japan, Chemosphere, 31, 2669–2676, 1995.
Nier: National Air Pollutants Emission 2011 (in Korean), 2011.
Obrist, D., Tas, E., Peleg, M., Matveev, V., Faïn, X., Asaf, D., and Luria, M.: Bromine-induced oxidation of mercury in the mid-latitude atmosphere, Nat. Geosci., 4, 22–26, 2011.
Osawa, T., Ueno, T., and Fu, F.: Sequential variation of atmospheric mercury in Tokai-mura, seaside area of eastern central Japan, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D19107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008538, 2007.
Pacyna, E. G., Pacyna, J., Sundseth, K., Munthe, J., Kindbom, K., Wilson, S., Steenhuisen, F., and Maxson, P.: Global emission of mercury to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources in 2005 and projections to 2020, Atmos. Environ., 44, 2487–2499, 2010.
Pacyna, E. G., Pacyna, J. M., Steenhuisen, F., and Wilson, S.: Global anthropogenic mercury emission inventory for 2000, Atmos. Environ., 40, 4048–4063, 2006.
Pacyna, J. M., Pacyna, E. G., Steenhuisen, F., and Wilson, S.: Mapping 1995 global anthropogenic emissions of mercury, Atmos. Environ., 37, 109–117, 2003.
Pirrone, N., Cinnirella, S., Feng, X., Finkelman, R., Friedli, H., Leaner, J., Mason, R., Mukherjee, A., Stracher, G., and Streets, D.: Global mercury emissions to the atmosphere from anthropogenic and natural sources, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 5951–5964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5951-2010, 2010.
Pirrone, N., Aas, W., Cinnirella, S., Ebinghaus, R., Hedgecock, I. M., Pacyna, J., Sprovieri, F., and Sunderland, E. M.: Toward the next generation of air quality monitoring: Mercury, Atmos. Environ., 80, 599–611, 2013.
Poissant, L.: Potential sources of atmospheric total gaseous mercury in the St. Lawrence River valley, Atmos. Environ., 33, 2537–2547, 1999.
Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., and Harris, J. M.: Source regions for atmospheric aerosol measured at Barrow, Alaska, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 4214–4226, 2001.
Sakata, M. and Marumoto, K.: Formation of atmospheric particulate mercury in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Atmos. Environ., 36, 239–246, 2002.
Sakata, M. and Marumoto, K.: Wet and dry deposition fluxes of mercury in Japan, Atmos. Environ., 39, 3139–3146, 2005.
Schmolke, S. R., Schroeder, W., Kock, H., Schneeberger, D., Munthe, J., and Ebinghaus, R.: Simultaneous measurements of total gaseous mercury at four sites on a 800 km transect: spatial distribution and short-time variability of total gaseous mercury over central Europe, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1725–1733, 1999.
Schroeder, W. H. and Munthe, J.: Atmospheric mercury – an overview, Atmos. Environ., 32, 809–822, 1998.
Seo, Y.-S., Han, Y.-J., Choi, H.-D., Holsen, T. M., and Yi, S.-M.: Characteristics of total mercury (TM) wet deposition: scavenging of atmospheric mercury species, Atmos. Environ., 49, 69–76, 2012.
Seo, Y.-S., Han, Y.-J., Holsen, T. M., Choi, E., Zoh, K.-D., and Yi, S.-M.: Source identification of total mercury (TM) wet deposition using a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM), Atmos. Environ., 104, 102–111, 2015.
Shon, Z.-H., Kim, K.-H., Kim, M.-Y., and Lee, M.: Modeling study of reactive gaseous mercury in the urban air, Atmos. Environ., 39, 749–761, 2005.
Slemr, F., Brunke, E. G., Ebinghaus, R., Temme, C., Munthe, J., Wängberg, I., Schroeder, W., Steffen, A., and Berg, T.: Worldwide trend of atmospheric mercury since 1977, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 101516, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL016954, 2003.
Song, X., Cheng, I., and Lu, J.: Annual atmospheric mercury species in downtown Toronto, Canada, J. Environ. Monit., 11, 660–669, 2009.
Sprovieri, F., Pirrone, N., Ebinghaus, R., Kock, H., and Dommergue, A.: A review of worldwide atmospheric mercury measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 8245–8265, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-8245-2010, 2010.
Stamenkovic, J., Lyman, S., and Gustin, M. S.: Seasonal and diel variation of atmospheric mercury concentrations in the Reno (Nevada, USA) airshed, Atmos. Environ., 41, 6662–6672, 2007.
Stohl, A., Eckhardt, S., Forster, C., James, P., Spichtinger, N., and Seibert, P.: A replacement for simple back trajectory calculations in the interpretation of atmospheric trace substance measurements, Atmos. Environ., 36, 4635–4648, 2002.
Streets, D. G., Devane, M. K., Lu, Z., Bond, T. C., Sunderland, E. M., and Jacob, D. J.: All-time releases of mercury to the atmosphere from human activities, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 10485–10491, 2011.
Strode, S. A., Jaeglé, L., Selin, N. E., Jacob, D. J., Park, R. J., Yantosca, R. M., Mason, R. P., and Slemr, F.: Air-sea exchange in the global mercury cycle, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 21, GB1017, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GB002766, 2007.
Temme, C., Blanchard, P., Steffen, A., Banic, C., Beauchamp, S., Poissant, L., Tordon, R., and Wiens, B.: Trend, seasonal and multivariate analysis study of total gaseous mercury data from the Canadian atmospheric mercury measurement network (CAMNet), Atmos. Environ., 41, 5423–5441, 2007.
UNEP: Global mercury assessment, UNEP Chemicals, available at: http://www.unep.org/chemicalsandwaste/Portals/9/Mercury/Documents/final-assessment-report-25nov02.pdf (last access: 9 December 2015), 2002.
UNEP: The global atmospheric mercury assessment: Sources, emissions and transport, available at: http://www.unep.org/chemicalsandwaste/Portals/9/Mercury/Documents/Publications/UNEP_GlobalAtmosphericMercuryAssessment_May2009.pdf (last access: 9 December 2015), 2008.
Uria-Tellaetxe, I. and Carslaw, D. C.: Conditional bivariate probability function for source identification, Environ. Model. Software, 59, 1–9, 2014.
Wan, Q., Feng, X., Lu, J., Zheng, W., Song, X., Han, S., and Xu, H.: Atmospheric mercury in Changbai Mountain area, northeastern China I. The seasonal distribution pattern of total gaseous mercury and its potential sources, Environ. Res., 109, 201–206, 2009.
Weigelt, A., Ebinghaus, R., Manning, A., Derwent, R., Simmonds, P., Spain, T., Jennings, S., and Slemr, F.: Analysis and interpretation of 18 years of mercury observations since 1996 at Mace Head, Ireland, Atmos. Environ., 100, 85–93, 2015.
Weiss-Penzias, P., Jaffe, D. A., Mcclintick, A., Prestbo, E. M., and Landis, M. S.: Gaseous elemental mercury in the marine boundary layer: Evidence for rapid removal in anthropogenic pollution, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3755–3763, 2003.
Weiss-Penzias, P., Jaffe, D. A., Swartzendruber, P., Dennison, J. B., Chand, D., Hafner, W., and Prestbo, E.: Observations of Asian air pollution in the free troposphere at Mount Bachelor Observatory during the spring of 2004, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D10304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006522, 2006.
Weiss-Penzias, P., Jaffe, D., Swartzendruber, P., Hafner, W., Chand, D., and Prestbo, E.: Quantifying Asian and biomass burning sources of mercury using the Hg ∕ CO ratio in pollution plumes observed at the Mount Bachelor Observatory, Atmos. Environ., 41, 4366–4379, 2007.
Wilson, S., Munthe, J., Sundseth, K., Maxson, P., Kindbom, K., Pacyna, J., and Steenhuisen, F.: Updating Historical Global Inventories of Anthropogenic Mercury Emissions to Air, AMAP Technical Report No. 3, Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), 2010.
Xie, Y. and Berkowitz, C. M.: The use of positive matrix factorization with conditional probability functions in air quality studies: an application to hydrocarbon emissions in Houston, Texas, Atmos. Environ., 40, 3070–3091, 2006.
Zeng, Y. and Hopke, P.: A study of the sources of acid precipitation in Ontario, Canada, Atmos. Environ., 23, 1499–1509, 1989.
Zhang, H. and Lindberg, S. E.: Sunlight and iron (III)-induced photochemical production of dissolved gaseous mercury in freshwater, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 928–935, 2001.
Zhang, L., Wang, S., Wang, L., Wu, Y., Duan, L., Wu, Q., Wang, F., Yang, M., Yang, H., Hao, J., and Liu, X.: Updated emission inventories for speciated atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic sources in China, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 3185–3194, 2015.
Zhao, W., Hopke, P. K., and Karl, T.: Source identification of volatile organic compounds in Houston, Texas, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 1338–1347, 2004.
Zhou, L., Kim, E., Hopke, P. K., Stanier, C. O., and Pandis, S.: Advanced factor analysis on Pittsburgh particle size-distribution data special issue of aerosol science and technology on findings from the Fine Particulate Matter Supersites Program, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 38, 118–132, 2004.
Short summary
This study was performed to identify likely source directions and locations of total gaseous mercury (TGM) using CPF, CBPF and TPSCF. Previous studies showed the importance of long-range transport of TGM but not local sources. However, the results from various approaches suggested the importance of local sources near industrial areas including iron and manufacturing facilities, hazardous waste incinerators and the coastal areas relative to distant sources.
This study was performed to identify likely source directions and locations of total gaseous...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint