European HFC emissions evaluated with multiple atmospheric inverse models and UNFCCC national inventories

De Longueville, Hélène; Melo, Daniela B.; Redington, Alison L.; Ramsden, Alice; Danjou, Alexandre; Andrews, Peter; Pitt, Joseph; Murphy, Brendan; Constantin, Lionel; Stanley, Kieran M.; O'Doherty, Simon; Wenger, Angelina; Young, Dickon; Engel, Andreas; Schuck, Tanja; Meixner, Katharina; Wagenhaeuser, Thomas; Gad, Fides; Vollmer, Martin K.; Reimann, Stefan; Maoine, Michela; Arduini, Jgor; Lunder, Chris; Schmidtbauer, Norbert; Haszpra, László; Molnár, Mihály; Frumau, Arnoud; Couret, Cedric; Rigby, Matthew; Henne, Stephan; Manning, Alistair; Ganesan, Anita L.

doi:10.5194/acp-26-7647-2026

Articles | Volume 26, issue 10

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7647-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7647-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 26, issue 10

Research article

|

01 Jun 2026

Research article |

| 01 Jun 2026

European HFC emissions evaluated with multiple atmospheric inverse models and UNFCCC national inventories

Hélène De Longueville, Daniela B. Melo, Alison L. Redington, Alice Ramsden, Alexandre Danjou, Peter Andrews, Joseph Pitt, Brendan Murphy, Lionel Constantin, Kieran M. Stanley, Simon O'Doherty, Angelina Wenger, Dickon Young, Andreas Engel, Tanja Schuck, Katharina Meixner, Thomas Wagenhaeuser, Fides Gad, Martin K. Vollmer, Stefan Reimann, Michela Maoine, Jgor Arduini, Chris Lunder, Norbert Schmidtbauer, László Haszpra, Mihály Molnár, Arnoud Frumau, Cedric Couret, Matthew Rigby, Stephan Henne, Alistair Manning, and Anita L. Ganesan

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7647-2026-supplement

Data sets

Atmospheric station results archive: European AGAGE network, UK DECC network, Cabauw tall tower, additional PARIS project sites Andreas Engel et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/JK51-GFYB

Inverse modelling results for European non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions Anita Ganesan et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/GR1Q-6SK4

Model code and software

FLUXIE: Flux Intercomparison Environment (v2.1.hfc-paper) The FLUXIE Team https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19695451

penghg/openghg_inversions: Release v0.5 Brendan Murphy et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17454638

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Short summary

This study estimates emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, potent greenhouse gases, in north-western Europe using atmospheric observations and atmospheric modelling. The estimates are compared with nationally reported emissions submitted to the United Nations. Overall, our results are consistent with reported values, although differences are found for some gases and countries. The findings indicate that emissions in north-western Europe are declining, reflecting the effects of climate regulations.