Articles | Volume 26, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7407-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7407-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
29 May 2026
Research article |
| 29 May 2026
| 29 May 2026
A modified stratiform cloud microphysics parameterization: evaluation using the Community Atmosphere Model version 6 single-column model
Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
Deepak Waman
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Troposphere Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Sachin Patade
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (Ministry of Earth Sciences), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, India
Akash Deshmukh
Atmospheric Research Center of Eastern Finland, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, Finland
University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8518 – LOA – Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, 59000 Lille, France
Niharika Singh
Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
Vaughan Phillips
Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Aaron Bansemer
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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Deepak Waman, Julian Meusel, Behrooz Keshtgar, Gabriella Wallentin, Christian Barthlott, Sachin Patade, Sonali Shete, Thara Prabhakaran, Romain Fievet, Declan Finney, Alan Blyth, and Corinna Hoose
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6129, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6129, 2026
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We use a weather model with aircraft and satellite data to study ice multiplication in thunderstorms across India, Mexico, Oklahoma, and the Atlantic. This process can create spurious ice particles in clouds, thereby increasing latent and radiative heating that strengthens storms and extends cloud lifetimes. These results improve our understanding of how small-scale ice processes influence large-scale storm behavior and rainfall patterns.
Jun-Ichi Yano, Vincent E. Larson, and Vaughan T. J. Phillips
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 9357–9386, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9357-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9357-2025, 2025
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The distribution problems appear in atmospheric sciences at almost every corner when describing diverse processes. This paper presents a general formulation for addressing all these problems.
Freddy P. Paul, Martanda Gautam, Deepak Waman, Sachin Patade, Ushnanshu Dutta, Christoffer Pichler, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, and Vaughan Phillips
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3800, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3800, 2025
Preprint archived
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This study shows observations of a key mechanism for initiation of ice particles in clouds with a chamber deployed on the top of a mountain during snowfall in winter. The mechanism involves the fragmentation of snow particles in collisions with denser rimed ice precipitation, namely "graupel" or "hail". The study shows how the fragmentation can be represented in atmospheric models. An improved formulation of the mechanism is proposed in light of our observations with the chamber.
Nina Maherndl, Manuel Moser, Imke Schirmacher, Aaron Bansemer, Johannes Lucke, Christiane Voigt, and Maximilian Maahn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13935–13960, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13935-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13935-2024, 2024
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It is not clear why ice crystals in clouds occur in clusters. Here, airborne measurements of clouds in mid-latitudes and high latitudes are used to study the spatial variability of ice. Further, we investigate the influence of riming, which occurs when liquid droplets freeze onto ice crystals. We find that riming enhances the occurrence of ice clusters. In the Arctic, riming leads to ice clustering at spatial scales of 3–5 km. This is due to updrafts and not higher amounts of liquid water.
John S. Schreck, Gabrielle Gantos, Matthew Hayman, Aaron Bansemer, and David John Gagne
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5793–5819, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5793-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5793-2022, 2022
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We show promising results for a new machine-learning based paradigm for processing field-acquired cloud droplet holograms. The approach is fast, scalable, and leverages GPUs and other heterogeneous computing platforms. It combines applications of transfer and active learning by using synthetic data for training and a small set of hand-labeled data for refinement and validation. Artificial noise applied during synthetic training enables optimized models for real-world situations.
Sachin Patade, Deepak Waman, Akash Deshmukh, Ashok Kumar Gupta, Arti Jadav, Vaughan T. J. Phillips, Aaron Bansemer, Jacob Carlin, and Alexander Ryzhkov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12055–12075, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12055-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12055-2022, 2022
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This modeling study focuses on the role of multiple groups of primary biological aerosol particles as ice nuclei on cloud properties and precipitation. This was done by implementing a more realistic scheme for biological ice nucleating particles in the aerosol–cloud model. Results show that biological ice nucleating particles have a limited role in altering the ice phase and precipitation in deep convective clouds.
Jonas K. F. Jakobsson, Deepak B. Waman, Vaughan T. J. Phillips, and Thomas Bjerring Kristensen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6717–6748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6717-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6717-2022, 2022
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Long-lived cold-layer clouds at subzero temperatures are observed to be remarkably persistent in their generation of ice particles and snow precipitation. There is uncertainty about why this is so. This motivates the present lab study to observe the long-term ice-nucleating ability of aerosol samples from the real troposphere. Time dependence of their ice nucleation is observed to be weak in lab experiments exposing the samples to isothermal conditions for up to about 10 h.
Tommi Bergman, Risto Makkonen, Roland Schrödner, Erik Swietlicki, Vaughan T. J. Phillips, Philippe Le Sager, and Twan van Noije
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 683–713, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-683-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-683-2022, 2022
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We describe in this paper the implementation of a process-based secondary organic aerosol and new particle formation scheme within the chemistry transport model TM5-MP version 1.2. The performance of the model simulations for the year 2010 is evaluated against in situ observations, ground-based remote sensing and satellite retrievals. Overall, the simulated aerosol fields are improved, although in some areas the model shows a decline in performance.
Rachel L. James, Vaughan T. J. Phillips, and Paul J. Connolly
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18519–18530, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18519-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18519-2021, 2021
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Secondary ice production (SIP) plays an important role in ice formation within mixed-phase clouds. We present a laboratory investigation of a potentially new SIP mechanism involving the collisions of supercooled water drops with ice particles. At impact, the supercooled water drop fragments form smaller secondary drops. Approximately 30 % of the secondary drops formed during the retraction phase of the supercooled water drop impact freeze over a temperature range of −4 °C to −12 °C.
Vaughan T. J. Phillips, Jun-Ichi Yano, Akash Deshmukh, and Deepak Waman
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11941–11953, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11941-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11941-2021, 2021
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For decades, high concentrations of ice observed in precipitating mixed-phase clouds have created an enigma. Such concentrations are higher than can be explained by the action of aerosols or by the spontaneous freezing of most cloud droplets. The controversy has partly persisted due to the lack of laboratory experimentation in ice microphysics, especially regarding fragmentation of ice, a topic reviewed by a recent paper. Our comment attempts to clarify some issues with regards to that review.
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Short summary
Large-scale stratiform clouds play a decisive role in the Earth's radiation budget and precipitation patterns, yet global models historically exhibit major biases in their simulations. Our study addresses these gaps by implementing physically-based representations of secondary ice production pathways and advanced aerosol activation schemes, including bin-bulk microphysics. These improvements enable the robust simulation of both cloud droplet and ice formation.
Large-scale stratiform clouds play a decisive role in the Earth's radiation budget and...
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