Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 26, issue 9
Articles | Volume 26, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6243-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6243-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 9
Research article
 | 
11 May 2026
Research article |  | 11 May 2026

Variation characteristics of sporadic-E layer in East Asia based on long-term data

Hai-Sheng Zhao, Jie Feng, Yang Liu, Zheng-Wen Xu, Jian Wu, Kun Xue, Huai-Yun Peng, and Zong-Hua Ding

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Short summary
This study extensively investigates the characteristics of Es layer intensity, spatial distribution, diurnal variation, seasonal patterns, and long-term trends over East Asia, employing over 60 years of observational data from 21 ionosonde stations across China and Japan. The study reveals that sporadic E layer intensity over East Asia significantly exceeds the global average, with its intensity core centered along the 30° N latitude line and attenuating toward both lower and higher latitudes.
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