Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> dynamics in a coastal megacity: spatiotemporal patterns, sea–land breeze impacts, and anthropogenic–biogenic emission partitioning

Zhang, Jinwen; Liang, Yongjian; Pei, Chenglei; Huang, Bo; Huang, Yingyan; Lian, Xiufeng; Song, Shaojie; Cheng, Chunlei; Wu, Cheng; Zhou, Zhen; Li, Junjie; Li, Mei

doi:10.5194/acp-26-3253-2026

Articles | Volume 26, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3253-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Special issue:

Greenhouse gas monitoring in the Asia–Pacific region...

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3253-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 26, issue 4

Research article

|

03 Mar 2026

Research article |

| 03 Mar 2026

Atmospheric CO₂ dynamics in a coastal megacity: spatiotemporal patterns, sea–land breeze impacts, and anthropogenic–biogenic emission partitioning

Jinwen Zhang, Yongjian Liang, Chenglei Pei, Bo Huang, Yingyan Huang, Xiufeng Lian, Shaojie Song, Chunlei Cheng, Cheng Wu, Zhen Zhou, Junjie Li, and Mei Li

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-3253-2026-supplement

Data sets

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present Hans Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47

MOD13A3 MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices Monthly L3 Global 1km SIN Grid V006 K. Didan https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD13A3.006

CarbonTracker CT-NRT.v2024-5 Andrew R. Jacobson et al. https://doi.org/10.15138/atpd-k925

Multi-laboratory compilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide data for the period 1957-2023 (obspack_co2_1_test_GLOBALVIEWplus_v10.1_2024-11-13) Kenneth N. Schuldt et al. https://doi.org/10.25925/20241101

Model code and software

uataq/stilt: Geoscientific Model Development 2018 (v1.0) Ben Fasoli https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1196561

Download

Article (7981 KB)
Full-text XML

Short summary

Inadequate characterization of carbon dioxide (CO₂) dynamics limits the understanding of coastal megacity carbon cycles. Using an observation-driven framework integrating high-precision CO₂/CO measurements, this study shows that the "coastal CO₂ dome" can shift seasonally away from the urban core, reveals nonlinear sea–land breeze effects, quantifies urban vegetation's role in CO₂budgets, thereby providing new insights into coastal carbon monitoring and mitigation assessment.

Atmospheric CO2 dynamics in a coastal megacity: spatiotemporal patterns, sea–land breeze impacts, and anthropogenic–biogenic emission partitioning

Supplement

Data sets

Model code and software

Atmospheric CO₂ dynamics in a coastal megacity: spatiotemporal patterns, sea–land breeze impacts, and anthropogenic–biogenic emission partitioning