Articles | Volume 25, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6219-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6219-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
25 Jun 2025
Research article |
| 25 Jun 2025
| 25 Jun 2025
Combined CO2 measurement record indicates Amazon forest carbon uptake is offset by savanna carbon release
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Saqr Munassar
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Thomas Koch
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Danilo Custodio
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Luana S. Basso
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Shujiro Komiya
Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Jost V. Lavric
Acoem GmbH, Hallbergmoos, Germany
David Walter
Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
Manuel Gloor
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Giordane Martins
NOAA – Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Stijn Naus
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Tāmaki Makaurau / Auckland, Aotearoa / New Zealand
Gerbrand Koren
Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Ingrid T. Luijkx
Environmental Sciences Group, Dept of Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Stijn Hantson
Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
John B. Miller
NOAA – Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Wouter Peters
Environmental Sciences Group, Dept of Meteorology and Air Quality, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
Christian Rödenbeck
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
Christoph Gerbig
Department of Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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Cited
6 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatializing Net Ecosystem Exchange in the Brazilian Amazon biome using the JULES model and vegetation properties A. Prudente Jr. et al.
- Predominantly positive XCO2 anomalies in the Caatinga biome highlight carbon vulnerability L. Silva et al.
- Variation in vegetation structural complexity explains evapotranspiration in a tropical dryland ecotone A. Valdés-Uribe et al.
- The flask monitoring program for high-precision atmospheric measurements of greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon in the central Amazon region C. Sierra et al.
- Constraining a data-driven CO2 flux model by ecosystem and atmospheric observations using atmospheric transport S. Upton et al.
- Carbon–Water Coupling in Forest Ecosystems Under Climate Change: Advances in Water Use Efficiency and Sustainability Perspectives X. Liang et al.
6 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Spatializing Net Ecosystem Exchange in the Brazilian Amazon biome using the JULES model and vegetation properties A. Prudente Jr. et al.
- Predominantly positive XCO2 anomalies in the Caatinga biome highlight carbon vulnerability L. Silva et al.
- Variation in vegetation structural complexity explains evapotranspiration in a tropical dryland ecotone A. Valdés-Uribe et al.
- The flask monitoring program for high-precision atmospheric measurements of greenhouse gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon in the central Amazon region C. Sierra et al.
- Constraining a data-driven CO2 flux model by ecosystem and atmospheric observations using atmospheric transport S. Upton et al.
- Carbon–Water Coupling in Forest Ecosystems Under Climate Change: Advances in Water Use Efficiency and Sustainability Perspectives X. Liang et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 Apr 2026
Short summary
This study uses dry CO2 mole fractions from the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory together with airborne profiles to estimate net carbon exchange in tropical South America. We found that the biogeographic Amazon is a net carbon sink, while the Cerrado and Caatinga biomes are net carbon sources, resulting in an overall neutral balance. Finally, to further reduce the uncertainty in our estimates we call for an expansion of the monitoring capacity, especially in the Amazon–Andes foothills.
This study uses dry CO2 mole fractions from the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory together with...
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