Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 25, issue 23
Articles | Volume 25, issue 23
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-18267-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-18267-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 23
Research article
 | 
12 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 12 Dec 2025

The influence of climate variability on transatlantic flight times

Corwin J. Wright, Phoebe E. Noble, Timothy P. Banyard, Sarah J. Freeman, and Paul D. Williams

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We use measured transatlantic flight times since 1994 from the IAGOS (In-Service Aircraft for a Global
Observing System) program to assess the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation, El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and solar cycle. We show that they drive changes to one-way flight times of over an hour and to round-trip flight times by several minutes per flight. They thus cause variability in total CO2 emissions of 10s of kT/month and financial cost of millions of US dollars/month over the full transatlantic fleet.
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