Articles | Volume 24, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4305-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4305-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Apr 2024
Research article |
| 15 Apr 2024
| 15 Apr 2024
Analysis of an intense O3 pollution episode on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula using photochemical modeling: characterization of transport pathways and accumulation processes
Eduardo Torre-Pascual
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Gotzon Gangoiti
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Ana Rodríguez-García
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Estibaliz Sáez de Cámara
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Joana Ferreira
CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
Carla Gama
CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
María Carmen Gómez
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Iñaki Zuazo
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Jose Antonio García
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Maite de Blas
Faculty of Engineering Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Related authors
Jordi Massagué, Eduardo Torre-Pascual, Cristina Carnerero, Miguel Escudero, Andrés Alastuey, Marco Pandolfi, Xavier Querol, and Gotzon Gangoiti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4827–4850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyses three acute ozone episodes in Barcelona (NE Spain) which have occurred only in recent years and are of particular concern due to the city's significant population. The findings uncover a complex interplay of factors, notably shared among episodes, including pollution transport at different scales and specific weather and emission patterns. These insights significantly enhance our understanding of these occurrences and improve predictive capabilities.
Jordi Massagué, Eduardo Torre-Pascual, Cristina Carnerero, Miguel Escudero, Andrés Alastuey, Marco Pandolfi, Xavier Querol, and Gotzon Gangoiti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4827–4850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyses three acute ozone episodes in Barcelona (NE Spain) which have occurred only in recent years and are of particular concern due to the city's significant population. The findings uncover a complex interplay of factors, notably shared among episodes, including pollution transport at different scales and specific weather and emission patterns. These insights significantly enhance our understanding of these occurrences and improve predictive capabilities.
Lina Vitali, Kees Cuvelier, Antonio Piersanti, Alexandra Monteiro, Mario Adani, Roberta Amorati, Agnieszka Bartocha, Alessandro D'Ausilio, Paweł Durka, Carla Gama, Giulia Giovannini, Stijn Janssen, Tomasz Przybyła, Michele Stortini, Stijn Vranckx, and Philippe Thunis
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 6029–6047, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6029-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-6029-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Air quality forecasting models play a key role in fostering short-term measures aimed at reducing human exposure to air pollution. Together with this role comes the need for a thorough assessment of the model performances to build confidence in models’ capabilities, in particular when model applications support policymaking. In this paper, we propose an evaluation methodology and test it on several domains across Europe, highlighting its strengths and room for improvement.
María Teresa Pay, Gotzon Gangoiti, Marc Guevara, Sergey Napelenok, Xavier Querol, Oriol Jorba, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5467–5494, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5467-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5467-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The poor diagnostic of the O3 issue over southwestern Europe prevents authorities from implementing effective mitigation plans. This work is a pioneer in identifying that imported O3 is the largest input to the ground-level O3 concentration in the Iberian Peninsula, which is largely explained by vertical mixing. This study also proves that anthropogenic emissions control the severe O3 peaks during stagnant conditions. Ad hoc local actions should complement national/European strategies.
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
CO anthropogenic emissions in Europe from 2011 to 2021: insights from Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite data
Constraining long-term NOx emissions over the United States and Europe using nitrate wet deposition monitoring networks
Atmospheric oxygen as a tracer for fossil fuel carbon dioxide: a sensitivity study in the UK
MIXv2: a long-term mosaic emission inventory for Asia (2010–2017)
Organosulfate produced from consumption of SO3 speeds up sulfuric acid–dimethylamine atmospheric nucleation
Contribution of expanded marine sulfur chemistry to the seasonal variability of dimethyl sulfide oxidation products and size-resolved sulfate aerosol
Spatial disparities of ozone pollution in the Sichuan Basin spurred by extreme, hot weather
Global impacts of aviation on air quality evaluated at high resolution
Bias correction of OMI HCHO columns based on FTIR and aircraft measurements and impact on top-down emission estimates
Investigation of the renewed methane growth post-2007 with high-resolution 3-D variational inverse modeling and isotopic constraints
Revisiting day-of-week ozone patterns in an era of evolving US air quality
Air quality and radiative impacts of downward-propagating sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs)
Estimation of the atmospheric hydroxyl radical oxidative capacity using multiple hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Investigating the differences in calculating global mean surface CO2 abundance: the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection
Meteorological characteristics of extreme ozone pollution events in China and their future predictions
Evaluating modelled tropospheric columns of CH4, CO, and O3 in the Arctic using ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements
The high-resolution Global Aviation emissions Inventory based on ADS-B (GAIA) for 2019–2021
Zonal variability of methane trends derived from satellite data
Weekly derived top-down volatile-organic-compound fluxes over Europe from TROPOMI HCHO data from 2018 to 2021
Technical note: Challenges of detecting free tropospheric ozone trends in a sparsely sampled environment
Current status of model predictions of volatile organic compounds and impacts on surface ozone predictions during summer in China
Utility of Geostationary Lightning Mapper-derived lightning NO emission estimates in air quality modeling studies
The suitability of atmospheric oxygen measurements to constrain western European fossil-fuel CO2 emissions and their trends
Future tropospheric ozone budget and distribution over east Asia under a net-zero scenario
Comprehensive multiphase chlorine chemistry in the box model CAABA/MECCA: implications for atmospheric oxidative capacity
Insights into soil NO emissions and the contribution to surface ozone formation in China
The impact of gaseous degradation on the equilibrium state of gas/particle partitioning of semi-volatile organic compounds
An intercomparison of satellite, airborne, and ground-level observations with WRF-CAMx simulations of NO2 columns over Houston, TX during the September 2021 TRACER-AQ campaign
Development, intercomparison, and evaluation of an improved mechanism for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide in the UKCA model
A better representation of VOC chemistry in WRF-Chem and its impact on ozone over Los Angeles
Technical note: An assessment of the performance of statistical bias correction techniques for global chemistry-climate model surface ozone fields
The atmospheric oxidizing capacity in China – Part 1: Roles of different photochemical processes
Benefits of net-zero policies for future ozone pollution in China
Simulating impacts on UK air quality from net-zero forest planting scenarios
Understanding offshore high-ozone events during TRACER-AQ 2021 in Houston: insights from WRF–CAMx photochemical modeling
Opinion: Establishing a science-into-policy process for tropospheric ozone assessment
Atmospheric composition and climate impacts of a future hydrogen economy
Assessment of isoprene and near-surface ozone sensitivities to water stress over the Euro-Mediterranean region
The impact multi-decadal of changes in VOCs speciation on urban ozone chemistry: A case study in Birmingham, United Kingdom
Nighttime ozone in the lower boundary layer: insights from 3-year tower-based measurements in South China and regional air quality modeling
What controls ozone sensitivity in the upper tropical troposphere?
Summertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in Madrid (Spain)
Modelling the impacts of emission changes on O3 sensitivity, atmospheric oxidation capacity, and pollution transport over the Catalonia region
A regional modelling study of halogen chemistry within a volcanic plume of Mt Etna's Christmas 2018 eruption
Constraining the budget of atmospheric carbonyl sulfide using a 3-D chemical transport model
Atmospheric CO2 inversion reveals the Amazon as a minor carbon source caused by fire emissions, with forest uptake offsetting about half of these emissions
Rapid O3 assimilations – Part 2: Tropospheric O3 changes accompanied by declining NOx emissions in the USA and Europe in 2005–2020
High-resolution air quality simulations of ozone exceedance events during the Lake Michigan Ozone Study
Simulations of winter ozone in the Upper Green River basin, Wyoming, using WRF-Chem
Measurement report: Assessment of Asian emissions of ethane and propane with a chemistry transport model based on observations from the island of Hateruma
Audrey Fortems-Cheiney, Gregoire Broquet, Elise Potier, Robin Plauchu, Antoine Berchet, Isabelle Pison, Hugo Denier van der Gon, and Stijn Dellaert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4635–4649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4635-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4635-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We have estimated the carbon monixide (CO) European emissions from satellite observations of the MOPITT instrument at the relatively high resolution of 0.5° for a period of over 10 years from 2011 to 2021. The analysis of the inversion results reveals the challenges associated with the inversion of CO emissions at the regional scale over Europe.
Amy Christiansen, Loretta J. Mickley, and Lu Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4569–4589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we provide an additional constraint on emissions and trends of nitrogen oxides using nitrate wet deposition (NWD) fluxes over the United States and Europe from 1980–2020. We find that NWD measurements constrain total NOx emissions well. We also find evidence of NOx emission overestimates in both domains, but especially over Europe, where NOx emissions are overestimated by a factor of 2. Reducing NOx emissions over Europe improves model representation of ozone at the surface.
Hannah Chawner, Eric Saboya, Karina E. Adcock, Tim Arnold, Yuri Artioli, Caroline Dylag, Grant L. Forster, Anita Ganesan, Heather Graven, Gennadi Lessin, Peter Levy, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Alistair Manning, Penelope A. Pickers, Chris Rennick, Christian Rödenbeck, and Matthew Rigby
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4231–4252, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4231-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4231-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The quantity of atmospheric potential oxygen (APO), derived from coincident measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2), has been proposed as a tracer for fossil fuel CO2 emissions. In this model sensitivity study, we examine the use of APO for this purpose in the UK and compare our model to observations. We find that our model simulations are most sensitive to uncertainties relating to ocean fluxes and boundary conditions.
Meng Li, Junichi Kurokawa, Qiang Zhang, Jung-Hun Woo, Tazuko Morikawa, Satoru Chatani, Zifeng Lu, Yu Song, Guannan Geng, Hanwen Hu, Jinseok Kim, Owen R. Cooper, and Brian C. McDonald
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3925–3952, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3925-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3925-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we developed MIXv2, a mosaic Asian emission inventory for 2010–2017. With high spatial (0.1°) and monthly temporal resolution, MIXv2 integrates anthropogenic and open biomass burning emissions across seven sectors following a mosaic methodology. It provides CO2 emissions data alongside nine key pollutants and three chemical mechanisms. Our publicly accessible gridded monthly emissions data can facilitate long-term atmospheric and climate model analyses.
Xiaomeng Zhang, Yongjian Lian, Shendong Tan, and Shi Yin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3593–3612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3593-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3593-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) has a significant influence on the global climate, local air quality and human health. Using a combination of quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling, we find that thhe gas-phase organosulfate produced from consumption of SO3 can significantly enhance SA–DMA nucleation in the polluted boundary layer, resulting in non-negligible contributions to NPF. Our findings provide important insights into organic sulfur in atmospheric aerosol formation.
Linia Tashmim, William C. Porter, Qianjie Chen, Becky Alexander, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Betty Croft, and Sakiko Ishino
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3379–3403, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3379-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3379-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is mostly emitted from ocean surfaces and represents the largest natural source of sulfur for the atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere, DMS forms stable oxidation products such as SO2 and H2SO4, which can subsequently contribute to airborne particle formation and growth. In this study, we update the DMS oxidation mechanism in the chemical transport model GEOS-Chem and describe resulting changes in particle growth as well as the overall global sulfur budget.
Nan Wang, Yunsong Du, Dongyang Chen, Haiyan Meng, Xi Chen, Li Zhou, Guangming Shi, Yu Zhan, Miao Feng, Wei Li, Mulan Chen, Zhenliang Li, and Fumo Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3029–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the scorching August 2022 heatwave, China's Sichuan Basin saw a stark contrast in ozone (O3) levels between Chengdu and Chongqing. The regional disparities were studied considering meteorology, precursors, photochemistry, and transportation. The study highlighted the importance of tailored pollution control measures and underlined the necessity for region-specific strategies to combat O3 pollution on a regional scale.
Sebastian D. Eastham, Guillaume P. Chossière, Raymond L. Speth, Daniel J. Jacob, and Steven R. H. Barrett
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2687–2703, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft are known to cause air quality impacts worldwide, but the scale and mechanisms of this impact are not well understood. This work uses high-resolution computational modeling of the atmosphere to show that air pollution changes from aviation are mostly the result of emissions during cruise (high-altitude) operations, that these impacts are related to how much non-aviation pollution is present, and that prior regional assessments have underestimated these impacts.
Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Glenn-Michael Oomen, Beata Opacka, Isabelle De Smedt, Alex Guenther, Corinne Vigouroux, Bavo Langerock, Carlos Augusto Bauer Aquino, Michel Grutter, James Hannigan, Frank Hase, Rigel Kivi, Erik Lutsch, Emmanuel Mahieu, Maria Makarova, Jean-Marc Metzger, Isamu Morino, Isao Murata, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ivan Ortega, Mathias Palm, Amelie Röhling, Wolfgang Stremme, Kimberly Strong, Ralf Sussmann, Yao Té, and Alan Fried
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2207–2237, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2207-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2207-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Formaldehyde observations from satellites can be used to constrain the emissions of volatile organic compounds, but those observations have biases. Using an atmospheric model, aircraft and ground-based remote sensing data, we quantify these biases, propose a correction to the data, and assess the consequence of this correction for the evaluation of emissions.
Joël Thanwerdas, Marielle Saunois, Antoine Berchet, Isabelle Pison, and Philippe Bousquet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2129–2167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the causes of the renewed growth of atmospheric methane (CH4) after 2007 using inverse modeling. We use the additional information provided by observations of CH4 isotopic compositions to better differentiate between the emission categories. Accounting for the large uncertainties in source signatures, our results suggest that the post-2007 increase in atmospheric CH4 was caused by similar increases in emissions from (1) fossil fuels and (2) agriculture and waste.
Heather Simon, Christian Hogrefe, Andrew Whitehill, Kristen M. Foley, Jennifer Liljegren, Norm Possiel, Benjamin Wells, Barron H. Henderson, Lukas C. Valin, Gail Tonnesen, K. Wyat Appel, and Shannon Koplitz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1855–1871, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1855-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1855-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We assess observed and modeled ozone weekend–weekday differences in the USA from 2002–2019. A subset of urban areas that were NOx-saturated at the beginning of the period transitioned to NOx-limited conditions. Multiple rural areas of California were NOx-limited for the entire period but become less influenced by local day-of-week emission patterns in more recent years. The model produces more NOx-saturated conditions than the observations but captures trends in weekend–weekday ozone patterns.
Ryan S. Williams, Michaela I. Hegglin, Patrick Jöckel, Hella Garny, and Keith P. Shine
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1389–1413, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1389-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1389-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
During winter, a brief but abrupt reversal of the mean stratospheric westerly flow (~30 km high) around the Arctic occurs ~6 times a decade. Using a chemistry–climate model, about half of these events are shown to induce large anomalies in Arctic ozone (>25 %) and water vapour (>±25 %) around ~8–12 km altitude for up to 2–3 months, important for weather forecasting. We also calculate a doubling to trebling of the risk in breaches of mid-latitude surface air quality (ozone) standards (~60 ppbv).
Rona L. Thompson, Stephen A. Montzka, Martin K. Vollmer, Jgor Arduini, Molly Crotwell, Paul B. Krummel, Chris Lunder, Jens Mühle, Simon O'Doherty, Ronald G. Prinn, Stefan Reimann, Isaac Vimont, Hsiang Wang, Ray F. Weiss, and Dickon Young
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1415–1427, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1415-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1415-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The hydroxyl radical determines the atmospheric lifetimes of numerous species including methane. Since OH is very short-lived, it is not possible to directly measure its concentration on scales relevant for understanding its effect on other species. Here, OH is inferred by looking at changes in hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). We find that OH levels have been fairly stable over our study period (2004 to 2021), suggesting that OH is not the main driver of the recent increase in atmospheric methane.
Zhendong Wu, Alex Vermeulen, Yousuke Sawa, Ute Karstens, Wouter Peters, Remco de Kok, Xin Lan, Yasuyuki Nagai, Akinori Ogi, and Oksana Tarasova
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1249–1264, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on exploring the differences in calculating global surface CO2 and its growth rate, considering the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection. Our study reveals that the current global CO2 network has a good capacity to represent global surface CO2 and its growth rate, as well as trends in atmospheric CO2 mass changes. However, small differences exist in different analyses due to the impact of methodology and site selection.
Yang Yang, Yang Zhou, Hailong Wang, Mengyun Li, Huimin Li, Pinya Wang, Xu Yue, Ke Li, Jia Zhu, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1177–1191, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals that extreme ozone pollution over the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta is due to the chemical production related to hot and dry conditions, and the regional transport explains the ozone pollution over the Sichuan Basin and Pearl River Delta. The frequency of meteorological conditions of the extreme ozone pollution increases from the past to the future. The sustainable scenario is the optimal path to retaining clean air in China in the future.
Victoria A. Flood, Kimberly Strong, Cynthia H. Whaley, Kaley A. Walker, Thomas Blumenstock, James W. Hannigan, Johan Mellqvist, Justus Notholt, Mathias Palm, Amelie N. Röhling, Stephen Arnold, Stephen Beagley, Rong-You Chien, Jesper Christensen, Makoto Deushi, Srdjan Dobricic, Xinyi Dong, Joshua S. Fu, Michael Gauss, Wanmin Gong, Joakim Langner, Kathy S. Law, Louis Marelle, Tatsuo Onishi, Naga Oshima, David A. Plummer, Luca Pozzoli, Jean-Christophe Raut, Manu A. Thomas, Svetlana Tsyro, and Steven Turnock
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1079–1118, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1079-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1079-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
It is important to understand the composition of the Arctic atmosphere and how it is changing. Atmospheric models provide simulations that can inform policy. This study examines simulations of CH4, CO, and O3 by 11 models. Model performance is assessed by comparing results matched in space and time to measurements from five high-latitude ground-based infrared spectrometers. This work finds that models generally underpredict the concentrations of these gases in the Arctic troposphere.
Roger Teoh, Zebediah Engberg, Marc Shapiro, Lynnette Dray, and Marc E. J. Stettler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 725–744, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-725-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-725-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft contribute to climate change and degrade air quality. We describe an up-to-date 4D emissions inventory of global aviation from 2019 to 2021 based on actual flown trajectories. In 2019, 40.2 million flights collectively travelled 61 billion kilometres using 283 Tg of fuel. Long-haul flights were responsible for 43 % of CO2. The emissions inventory is made available for use in future studies to evaluate the negative externalities arising from global aviation.
Jonas Hachmeister, Oliver Schneising, Michael Buchwitz, John P. Burrows, Justus Notholt, and Matthias Buschmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 577–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-577-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-577-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified changes in atmospheric methane concentrations using satellite data and a dynamic linear model approach. We calculated global annual methane increases for the years 2019–2022, which are in good agreement with other sources. For zonal methane growth rates, we identified strong inter-hemispheric differences in 2019 and 2022. For 2022, we could attribute decreases in the global growth rate to the Northern Hemisphere, possibly related to a reduction in anthropogenic emissions.
Glenn-Michael Oomen, Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Isabelle De Smedt, Thomas Blumenstock, Rigel Kivi, Maria Makarova, Mathias Palm, Amelie Röhling, Yao Té, Corinne Vigouroux, Martina M. Friedrich, Udo Frieß, François Hendrick, Alexis Merlaud, Ankie Piters, Andreas Richter, Michel Van Roozendael, and Thomas Wagner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 449–474, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-449-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Natural emissions from vegetation have a profound impact on air quality for their role in the formation of harmful tropospheric ozone and organic aerosols, yet these emissions are highly uncertain. In this study, we quantify emissions of organic gases over Europe using high-quality satellite measurements of formaldehyde. These satellite observations suggest that emissions from vegetation are much higher than predicted by models, especially in southern Europe.
Kai-Lan Chang, Owen R. Cooper, Audrey Gaudel, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Peter Effertz, Gary Morris, and Brian C. McDonald
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2739, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2739, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The great majority of observational trend studies of free tropospheric ozone use sparsely sampled ozonesonde and aircraft measurements as reference datasets. A ubiquitous assumption is that trends are accurate and reliable so long as long-term records are available. We show that sampling bias due to sparse samples can persistently reduce the trend accuracy, and highlight the importance of maintaining adequate frequency and continuity of observations.
Yongliang She, Jingyi Li, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Momei Qin, Xiaodong Xie, Kangjia Gong, Fei Ye, Jianjiong Mao, Lin Huang, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 219–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we use multi-site volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements to evaluate the CMAQ-model-predicted VOCs and assess the impacts of VOC bias on O3 simulation. Our results demonstrate that current modeling setups and emission inventories are likely to underpredict VOC concentrations, and this underprediction of VOCs contributes to lower O3 predictions in China.
Peiyang Cheng, Arastoo Pour-Biazar, Yuling Wu, Shi Kuang, Richard T. McNider, and William J. Koshak
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 41–63, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-41-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-41-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Lightning-induced nitrogen monoxide (LNO) emission can be estimated from geostationary satellite observations. The present study uses the LNO emission estimates derived from geostationary satellite observations in an air quality modeling system to investigate the impact of LNO on air quality. Results indicate that significant ozone increase could be due to long-distance chemical transport, lightning activity in the upwind direction, and the mixing of high LNO (or ozone) plumes.
Christian Rödenbeck, Karina E. Adcock, Markus Eritt, Maksym Gachkivskyi, Christoph Gerbig, Samuel Hammer, Armin Jordan, Ralph F. Keeling, Ingeborg Levin, Fabian Maier, Andrew C. Manning, Heiko Moossen, Saqr Munassar, Penelope A. Pickers, Michael Rothe, Yasunori Tohjima, and Sönke Zaehle
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15767–15782, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15767-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15767-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The carbon dioxide content of the Earth atmosphere is increasing due to human emissions from burning of fossil fuels, causing global climate change. The strength of the fossil-fuel emissions is estimated by inventories based on energy data, but independent validation of these inventories has been recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Here we investigate the potential to validate inventories based on measurements of small changes in the atmospheric oxygen content.
Xuewei Hou, Oliver Wild, Bin Zhu, and James Lee
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15395–15411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In response to the climate crisis, many countries have committed to net zero in a certain future year. The impacts of net-zero scenarios on tropospheric O3 are less well studied and remain unclear. In this study, we quantified the changes of tropospheric O3 budgets, spatiotemporal distributions of future surface O3 in east Asia and regional O3 source contributions for 2060 under a net-zero scenario using the NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM) and online O3-tagging methods.
Meghna Soni, Rolf Sander, Lokesh K. Sahu, Domenico Taraborrelli, Pengfei Liu, Ankit Patel, Imran A. Girach, Andrea Pozzer, Sachin S. Gunthe, and Narendra Ojha
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15165–15180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15165-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15165-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study presents the implementation of comprehensive multiphase chlorine chemistry in the box model CAABA/MECCA. Simulations for contrasting urban environments of Asia and Europe highlight the significant impacts of chlorine on atmospheric oxidation capacity and composition. Chemical processes governing the production and loss of chlorine-containing species has been discussed. The updated chemical mechanism will be useful to interpret field measurements and for future air quality studies.
Ling Huang, Jiong Fang, Jiaqiang Liao, Greg Yarwood, Hui Chen, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14919–14932, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Surface ozone concentrations have emerged as a major environmental issue in China. Although control strategies aimed at reducing NOx emissions from conventional combustion sources are widely recognized, soil NOx emissions have received little attention. The impact of soil NO emissions on ground-level ozone concentration is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we estimated the soil NO emissions and evaluated its impact on ozone formation in China.
Fu-Jie Zhu, Zi-Feng Zhang, Li-Yan Liu, Pu-Fei Yang, Peng-Tuan Hu, Geng-Bo Ren, Meng Qin, and Wan-Li Ma
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2376, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2376, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Gas/particle partitioning is an important atmospheric behavior for SVOCs. The observation of that the gaseous degradation could disrupt the equilibrium state of gas/particle partitioning of low molecular weight SVOCs, was demonstrated and evaluated by a steady-state model, with increasing gas/particle partitioning quotients about 1 to 8.4 times. The present study suggested the interplay between degradation and G/P partitioning of SVOCs.
M. Omar Nawaz, Jeremiah Johnson, Greg Yarwood, Benjamin de Foy, Laura M. Judd, and Daniel L. Goldberg
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2844, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2844, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
NO2 is a gas with implications for air pollution. An air campaign conducted in Houston provided an opportunity to compare NO2 from different instruments and a model. Observations from aircrafts and the TROPOMI satellite instrument agreed well with measurements on the ground, however the latter estimated lower values. We find that NO2 simulated in our model performed worse and find the worst performance in downtown Houston, suggesting that vehicle emissions of NO2 may be underestimated.
Ben A. Cala, Scott Archer-Nicholls, James Weber, N. Luke Abraham, Paul T. Griffiths, Lorrie Jacob, Y. Matthew Shin, Laura E. Revell, Matthew Woodhouse, and Alexander T. Archibald
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14735–14760, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14735-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14735-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is an important trace gas emitted from the ocean recognised as setting the sulfate aerosol background, but its oxidation is complex. As a result representation in chemistry-climate models is greatly simplified. We develop and compare a new mechanism to existing mechanisms via a series of global and box model experiments. Our studies show our updated DMS scheme is a significant improvement but significant variance exists between mechanisms.
Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Matthew Coggon, Colin Harkins, Jordan Schnell, Jian He, Havala O. T. Pye, Meng Li, Barry Baker, Zachary Moon, Ravan Ahmadov, Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Bryan Place, Paul Wooldridge, Benjamin C. Schulze, Caleb Arata, Anthony Bucholtz, John H. Seinfeld, Carsten Warneke, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Kristen Zuraski, Michael A. Robinson, Andy Neuman, Patrick R. Veres, Jeff Peischl, Steven S. Brown, Allen H. Goldstein, Ronald C. Cohen, and Brian C. McDonald
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2742, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2742, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) fuel the production of air pollutants like ozone and particulate matter. The representation of VOC chemistry remains challenging due to its complexity in speciation and reactions. Here, we develop a chemical mechanism, RACM2B-VCP, that better represent VOCs chemistry in urban areas such as Los Angeles. We also discuss the contribution of VOCs emitted from Volatile Chemical Products and other anthropogenic sources to total VOC reactivity and O3.
Christoph Staehle, Harald E. Rieder, and Arlene M. Fiore
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2743, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2743, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemistry-climate models show biases compared to surface ozone observations, and thus require bias-correction for impact studies and the assessment of air quality changes. We compare the performance of commonly used correction techniques for model outputs available via CMIP6. While all methods can reduce model biases, better results are obtained for more complex approaches. Thus, our study suggests broader use of these techniques in studies seeking to inform air quality management and policy.
Jianing Dai, Guy P. Brasseur, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maria Kanakidou, Kun Qu, Yijuan Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14127–14158, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14127-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14127-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we used a regional chemical transport model to characterize the different parameters of atmospheric oxidative capacity in recent chemical environments in China. These parameters include the production and destruction rates of ozone and other oxidants, the ozone production efficiency, the OH reactivity, and the length of the reaction chain responsible for the formation of ozone and ROx. They are also affected by the aerosol burden in the atmosphere.
Zhenze Liu, Oliver Wild, Ruth M. Doherty, Fiona M. O'Connor, and Steven T. Turnock
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13755–13768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13755-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13755-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the impact of net-zero policies on surface ozone pollution in China. A chemistry–climate model is used to simulate ozone changes driven by local and external emissions, methane, and warmer climates. A deep learning model is applied to generate more robust ozone projection, and we find that the benefits of net-zero policies may be overestimated with the chemistry–climate model. Nevertheless, it is clear that the policies can still substantially reduce ozone pollution in future.
Gemma Purser, Mathew R. Heal, Edward J. Carnell, Stephen Bathgate, Julia Drewer, James I. L. Morison, and Massimo Vieno
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13713–13733, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13713-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13713-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Forest expansion is a ″net-zero“ pathway, but change in land cover alters air quality in many ways. This study combines tree planting suitability data with UK measured emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds to simulate spatial and temporal changes in atmospheric composition for planting scenarios of four species. Decreases in fine particulate matter are relatively larger than increases in ozone, which may indicate a net benefit of tree planting on human health aspects of air quality.
Wei Li, Yuxuan Wang, Xueying Liu, Ehsan Soleimanian, Travis Griggs, James Flynn, and Paul Walter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13685–13699, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13685-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13685-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined high offshore ozone events in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico, using boat data and WRF–CAMx modeling during the TRACER-AQ 2021 field campaign. On average, high ozone is caused by chemistry due to the regional transport of volatile organic compounds and downwind advection of NOx from the ship channel. Two case studies show advection of ozone can be another process leading to high ozone, and accurate wind prediction is crucial for air quality forecasting in coastal areas.
Richard G. Derwent, David D. Parrish, and Ian C. Faloona
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13613–13623, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations driven by anthropogenic precursor emissions are a world-wide health and environmental concern; however, this issue lacks a generally accepted understanding of the scientific issues. Here, we briefly outline the elements required to conduct an international assessment process to establish a conceptual model of the underpinning science and motivate international policy forums for regulating ozone production over hemispheric and global scales.
Nicola J. Warwick, Alex T. Archibald, Paul T. Griffiths, James Keeble, Fiona M. O'Connor, John A. Pyle, and Keith P. Shine
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13451–13467, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13451-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13451-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A chemistry–climate model has been used to explore the atmospheric response to changes in emissions of hydrogen and other species associated with a shift from fossil fuel to hydrogen use. Leakage of hydrogen results in indirect global warming, offsetting greenhouse gas emission reductions from reduced fossil fuel use. To maximise the benefit of hydrogen as an energy source, hydrogen leakage and emissions of methane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides should be minimised.
Susanna Strada, Andrea Pozzer, Graziano Giuliani, Erika Coppola, Fabien Solmon, Xiaoyan Jiang, Alex Guenther, Efstratios Bourtsoukidis, Dominique Serça, Jonathan Williams, and Filippo Giorgi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13301–13327, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13301-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13301-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water deficit modifies emissions of isoprene, an aromatic compound released by plants that influences the production of an air pollutant such as ozone. Numerical modelling shows that, during the warmest and driest summers, isoprene decreases between −20 and −60 % over the Euro-Mediterranean region, while near-surface ozone only diminishes by a few percent. Decreases in isoprene emissions not only happen under dry conditions, but also could occur after prolonged or repeated water deficits.
Jianghao Li, Alastair C. Lewis, Jim R. Hopkins, Stephen J. Andrews, Tim Murrells, Neil Passant, Ben Richmond, Siqi Hou, William Bloss, Roy Harrison, and Zongbo Shi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2294, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2294, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A summertime ozone event at an urban site in Birmingham is sensitive to volatile organic compound (VOCs), particularly those of oxygenated VOCs. The roles of anthropogenic VOC sources in urban ozone chemistry are examined by integrating the 1990–2019 national atmospheric emission inventory into model scenarios. Road transport remains the most powerful means to further reduce ozone in this case study, but the benefits maybe offset if solvent emission of VOCs were to continue to increase.
Guowen He, Cheng He, Haofan Wang, Xiao Lu, Chenglei Pei, Xiaonuan Qiu, Chenxi Liu, Yiming Wang, Nanxi Liu, Jinpu Zhang, Lei Lei, Yiming Liu, Haichao Wang, Tao Deng, Qi Fan, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13107–13124, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13107-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13107-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze nighttime ozone in the lower boundary layer (up to 500 m) from the 2017–2019 measurements at the Canton Tower and the WRF-CMAQ model. We identify a strong ability of the residual layer to store daytime ozone in the convective mixing layer, investigate the chemical and meteorological factors controlling nighttime ozone in the residual layer, and quantify the contribution of nighttime ozone in the residual layer to both the nighttime and the following day’s surface ozone air quality.
Clara M. Nussbaumer, Horst Fischer, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12651–12669, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12651-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12651-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone is a greenhouse gas and contributes to the earth’s radiative energy budget and therefore to global warming. This effect is the largest in the upper troposphere. In this study, we investigate the processes controlling ozone formation and the sensitivity to its precursors in the upper tropical troposphere based on model simulations by the ECHAM5/MESSy2 Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model. We find that NO𝑥 emissions from lightning most importantly affect ozone chemistry at these altitudes.
David de la Paz, Rafael Borge, Juan Manuel de Andrés, Luis Miguel Tovar, Golam Sarwar, and Sergey L. Napelenok
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2056, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2056, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This modelling study shows that around 70 % of ground-level ozone (O3) in Madrid (Spain) is transported from other regions. Nonetheless, local sources, mainly road traffic, play a significant role, specially under stagnation conditions associated to regional air recirculation. Our results suggest that local measures may be effective to reduce O3 peaks (potentially, up to 30 %) and thus, reduce impacts from high-O3 episodes in the Madrid metropolitan area.
Alba Badia, Veronica Vidal, Sergi Ventura, Roger Curcoll, Ricard Segura, and Gara Villalba
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10751–10774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10751-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10751-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Improving air quality is a top priority in urban areas. In this study, we used an air quality model to analyse the air quality changes occurring over the metropolitan area of Barcelona and other rural areas affected by transport of the atmospheric plume from the city during mobility restrictions. Our results show that mitigation strategies intended to reduce O3 should be designed according to the local meteorology, air transport, and particular ozone chemistry of the urban area.
Herizo Narivelo, Paul David Hamer, Virginie Marécal, Luke Surl, Tjarda Roberts, Sophie Pelletier, Béatrice Josse, Jonathan Guth, Mickaël Bacles, Simon Warnach, Thomas Wagner, Stefano Corradini, Giuseppe Salerno, and Lorenzo Guerrieri
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10533–10561, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10533-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10533-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Volcanic emissions emit large quantities of gases and primary aerosols that can play an important role in atmospheric chemistry. We present a study of the fate of volcanic bromine emissions from the eruption of Mount Etna around Christmas 2018. Using a numerical model and satellite observations, we analyse the impact of the volcanic plume and how it modifies the composition of the air over the whole Mediterranean basin, in particular on tropospheric ozone through the bromine-explosion cycle.
Michael P. Cartwright, Richard J. Pope, Jeremy J. Harrison, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Chris Wilson, Wuhu Feng, David P. Moore, and Parvadha Suntharalingam
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10035–10056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10035-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10035-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A 3-D chemical transport model, TOMCAT, is used to simulate global atmospheric carbonyl sulfide (OCS) distribution. Modelled OCS compares well with satellite observations of OCS from limb-sounding satellite observations. Model simulations also compare adequately with surface and atmospheric observations and suitably capture the seasonality of OCS and background concentrations.
Luana S. Basso, Chris Wilson, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Graciela Tejada, Henrique L. G. Cassol, Egídio Arai, Mathew Williams, T. Luke Smallman, Wouter Peters, Stijn Naus, John B. Miller, and Manuel Gloor
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9685–9723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9685-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9685-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Amazon’s carbon balance may have changed due to forest degradation, deforestation and warmer climate. We used an atmospheric model and atmospheric CO2 observations to quantify Amazonian carbon emissions (2010–2018). The region was a small carbon source to the atmosphere, mostly due to fire emissions. Forest uptake compensated for ~ 50 % of the fire emissions, meaning that the remaining forest is still a small carbon sink. We found no clear evidence of weakening carbon uptake over the period.
Rui Zhu, Zhaojun Tang, Xiaokang Chen, Xiong Liu, and Zhe Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9745–9763, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9745-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9745-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and surface O3 observations are used to investigate the changes in tropospheric O3 in the USA and Europe in 2005–2020. The surface-based assimilations show limited changes in surface and tropospheric column O3. The OMI-based assimilations show larger decreases in tropospheric O3 columns in 2010–2014, related to a decline in free-tropospheric NO2. Analysis suggests limited impacts of local emissions decline on tropospheric O3 over the USA and Europe in 2005–2020.
R. Bradley Pierce, Monica Harkey, Allen Lenzen, Lee M. Cronce, Jason A. Otkin, Jonathan L. Case, David S. Henderson, Zac Adelman, Tsengel Nergui, and Christopher R. Hain
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9613–9635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate two high-resolution model simulations with different meteorological inputs but identical chemistry and anthropogenic emissions, with the goal of identifying a model configuration best suited for characterizing air quality in locations where lake breezes commonly affect local air quality along the Lake Michigan shoreline. This analysis complements other studies in evaluating the impact of meteorological inputs and parameterizations on air quality in a complex environment.
Shreta Ghimire, Zachary J. Lebo, Shane Murphy, Stefan Rahimi, and Trang Tran
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9413–9438, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9413-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9413-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
High wintertime ozone levels have occurred often in recent years in mountain basins with oil and gas production facilities. Photochemical modeling of ozone production serves as a basis for understanding the mechanism by which it occurs and for predictive capability. We present photochemical model simulations of ozone formation and accumulation in the Upper Green River basin, Wyoming, demonstrating the model's ability to simulate wintertime ozone and the sensitivity of ozone to its precursors.
Adedayo R. Adedeji, Stephen J. Andrews, Matthew J. Rowlinson, Mathew J. Evans, Alastair C. Lewis, Shigeru Hashimoto, Hitoshi Mukai, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Yasunori Tohjima, and Takuya Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9229–9244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use the GEOS-Chem model to interpret observations of CO, C2H6, C3H8, NOx, NOy and O3 made from Hateruma Island in 2018. The model captures many synoptic-scale events and the seasonality of most pollutants at the site but underestimates C2H6 and C3H8 during the winter. These underestimates are unlikely to be reconciled by increases in biomass burning emissions but could be reconciled by increasing the Asian anthropogenic source of C2H6 and C3H8 by factors of around 2 and 3, respectively.
Cited articles
Adame, J. A., Hernández-Ceballos, M. A., Bolívar, J. P., and De la Morena, B.: Assessment of an air pollution event in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 55, 245–256, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.010, 2012.
Alonso, L., Gangoiti, G., Navazo, M., Millán, M. M., and Mantilla, E.: Transport of Tropospheric Ozone over the Bay of Biscay and the Eastern Cantabrian Coast of Spain, Journal of Applied Meteorology, 39, 475–486, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2000)039<0475:TOTOOT>2.0.CO;2, 2000.
Baldasano, J., Pay, M., Jorba, O., Gassó, S., and Jimenez-Guerrero, P.: An annual assessment of air quality with the CALIOPE modeling system over Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 409, 2163–2178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.041, 2011.
Banks, R. F. and Baldasano, J. M.: Impact of WRF model PBL schemes on air quality simulations over Catalonia, Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 572, 98–113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.167, 2016.
Banzon, V., Smith, T. M., Chin, T. M., Liu, C., and Hankins, W.: A long-term record of blended satellite and in situ sea-surface temperature for climate monitoring, modeling and environmental studies, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 165–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-165-2016, 2016.
Berrisford, P., Dee, D. P., Poli, P., Brugge, R., Fielding, M., Fuentes, M., Kållberg, P. W., Kobayashi, S., Uppala, S., and Simmons, A.: The ERA-Interim archive Version 2.0. Report, ERA Report Series, ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading, https://www.ecmwf.int/en/elibrary/73682-era-interim-archive-version-20 (last access: 20 March 2024), 2011.
Bessagnet, B., Pirovano, G., Mircea, M., Cuvelier, C., Aulinger, A., Calori, G., Ciarelli, G., Manders, A., Stern, R., Tsyro, S., García Vivanco, M., Thunis, P., Pay, M.-T., Colette, A., Couvidat, F., Meleux, F., Rouïl, L., Ung, A., Aksoyoglu, S., Baldasano, J. M., Bieser, J., Briganti, G., Cappelletti, A., D'Isidoro, M., Finardi, S., Kranenburg, R., Silibello, C., Carnevale, C., Aas, W., Dupont, J.-C., Fagerli, H., Gonzalez, L., Menut, L., Prévôt, A. S. H., Roberts, P., and White, L.: Presentation of the EURODELTA III intercomparison exercise – evaluation of the chemistry transport models' performance on criteria pollutants and joint analysis with meteorology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12667–12701, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12667-2016, 2016.
Borge, R., Alexandrov, V., José del Vas, J., Lumbreras, J., and Rodríguez, E.: A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the WRF model for air quality applications over the Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 42, 8560–8574, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.08.032, 2008.
Borge, R., Lumbreras, J., Pérez, J., de la Paz, D., Vedrenne, M., de Andrés, J. M., and Rodríguez, M. E.: Emission inventories and modeling requirements for the development of air quality plans. Application to Madrid (Spain), Sci. Total Environ., 466–467, 809–819, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.093, 2014.
Borrego, C., Monteiro, A., Ferreira, J., Miranda, A. I., Costa, A. M., Carvalho, A. C., and Lopes, M.: Procedures for estimation of modelling uncertainty in air quality assessment, Environ. Int., 34, 613–620, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2007.12.005, 2008.
Borrego, C., Souto, J. A., Monteiro, A., Dios, M., Rodríguez, A., Ferreira, J., Saavedra, S., Casares, J. J., and Miranda, A. I.: The role of transboundary air pollution over Galicia and North Portugal area, Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 20, 2924–2936, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1201-9, 2013.
Borrego, C., Monteiro, A., Martins, H., Ferreira, J., Fernandes, A. P., Rafael, S., Miranda, A. I., Guevara, M., and Baldasano, J. M.: Air quality plan for ozone: An urgent need for North Portugal. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 9, 447–460, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-015-0352-5, 2016.
Carvalho, A., Monteiro, A., Ribeiro, I., Tchepel, O., Miranda, A. I., Borrego, C., Saavedra, S., Souto, J. A., and Casares, J. J.: High ozone levels in the northeast of Portugal: Analysis and characterization, Atmos. Environ., 44, 1020–1031, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.020, 2010.
Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., van Aardenne, J. A., Monni, S., Doering, U., Olivier, J. G. J., Pagliari, V., and Janssens-Maenhout, G.: Gridded emissions of air pollutants for the period 1970–2012 within EDGAR v4.3.2, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 1987–2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-1987-2018, 2018.
Cuevas, E., González, Y., Rodríguez, S., Guerra, J. C., Gómez-Peláez, A. J., Alonso-Pérez, S., Bustos, J., and Milford, C.: Assessment of atmospheric processes driving ozone variations in the subtropical North Atlantic free troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 1973–1998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1973-2013, 2013.
de Blas, M., Ibáñez, P., García, J. A., Gómez, M. C., Navazo, M., Alonso, L., Durana, N., Iza, J., Gangoiti, G., and Sáez de Cámara, E.: Summertime high resolution variability of atmospheric formaldehyde and non-methane volatile organic compounds in a rural background area, Sci. Total Environ., 647, 862–877, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.411, 2019.
Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., Hendriks, C., Kuenen, J., Segers, A., and Visschedijk, A. J. H.: Description of current temporal emission patterns and sensitivity of predicted AQ for temporal emission patterns, EU FP7 MACC deliverable report D_D-EMIS_1.3, TNO, https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/sites/default/files/2019-07/MACC_TNO_del_1_3_v2.pdf (last access: 20 March 2024), 2011.
Doty, B. E. and Kinter, III, J. L.: Geophysical Data Analysis and Visualization Using the Grid Analysis and Display System, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC (United States), https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19960022591 (last access: 20 March 2024), 1995.
EEA (European Environment Agency): Human activity and emission inventories, Technical report No. 11. Guidance report on preliminary assessment under EC air quality directives, Chap. 4, European Environment Agency, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/TEC11a/page010.html (last access: 28 March 2022), 2016.
EEA (European Environment Agency): Europe's air quality status 2022, European Environment Agency, Briefing no. 04/2022, https://doi.org/10.2800/049755, 2022.
European Environment Agency, Guerreiro, C., Colette, A., Leeuw, F. et al.: Air quality in Europe – 2018 report, Publications Office, https://doi.org/10.2800/777411, 2018.
Escudero, M., Segers, A., Kranenburg, R., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Borge, R., de la Paz, D., Gangoiti, G., and Schaap, M.: Analysis of summer O3 in the Madrid air basin with the LOTOS-EUROS chemical transport model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14211–14232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14211-2019, 2019.
ETC/ACM: Ozone in southern Europe – Assessment and effectiveness of measures, European Topic Centre on Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation, Technical Paper 2017/3, https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-atni/products/etc-atni-reports/etcacm_tp_2017_3_ozone_s-europe (last access: 28 March 2022), 2018.
Evtyugina, M. G., Pio, C., Nunes, T., Pinho, P. G., and Costa, C. S.: Photochemical ozone formation at Portugal West Coast under sea breeze conditions as assessed by master chemical mechanism model, Atmos. Environ., 41, 2171–2182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.10.059, 2007.
Evtyugina, M. G., Nunes, T., Alves, C., and Marques, M. C.: Photochemical pollution in a rural mountainous area in the northeast of Portugal, Atmos. Res., 92, 151–158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.09.006, 2009.
Gangoiti, G., Millán, M. M., Salvador, R., and Mantilla, E.: Long-range transport and re-circulation of pollutants in the western Mediterranean during the project Regional Cycles of Air Pollution in the West-Central Mediterranean Area, Atmos. Environ., 35, 6267–6276, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00440-X, 2001.
Gangoiti, G., Alonso, L., Navazo, M., Albizuri, A., Pérez-Landa, G., Matabuena, M., Valdenebro, V., Maruri, M., García, J. A., and Millán, M. M.: Regional transport of pollutants over the Bay of Biscay: analysis of an ozone episode under a blocking anticyclone in west-central Europe, Atmos. Environ., 36, 1349–1361, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00536-2, 2002.
Gangoiti, G., Albizuri, A., Alonso, L., Navazo, M., Matabuena, M., Valdenebro, V., García, J. A., and Millán, M. M.: Sub-continental transport mechanisms and pathways during two ozone episodes in northern Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1469–1484, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1469-2006, 2006a.
Gangoiti, G., Alonso, L., Navazo, M., García, J. A., and Millán, M. M.: North African soil dust and European pollution transport to America during the warm season: Hidden links shown by a passive tracer simulation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D10109, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD005941, 2006b.
Gangoiti, G., de Blas, M., Gómez, M. C., Rodríguez-García, A., Torre-Pascual, E., García-Ruiz, E., Sáez de Cámara, E., Zuazo, I., García, J. A., and Valdenebro, V.: Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown in a European Regional Monitoring Network (Spain): Are We Free from Pollution Episodes?, Int. J. Env. Res. Pub. He., 18, 11042, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111042, 2021.
Gómez, M. C., Durana, N., García, J. A., de Blas, M., Sáez de Cámara, E., García-Ruiz, E., Gangoiti, G., Torre-Pascual, E., and Iza, J.: Long-term measurement of biogenic volatile organic compounds in a rural background area: Contribution to ozone formation, Atmos. Environ., 224, 117315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117315, 2020.
Guenther, A.: BVOC Emission modeling. MEGAN BVOC Emissions training course, 15–17 August, National University of Colombia, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B53BwxgQlv_3TTJWbU1MQlFZOGs/view (last access: 20 March 2024), 2017.
Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P. I., and Geron, C.: Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3181–3210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3181-2006, 2006.
Guenther, A. B., Jiang, X., Heald, C. L., Sakulyanontvittaya, T., Duhl, T., Emmons, L. K., and Wang, X.: The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 1471–1492, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1471-2012, 2012.
Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Horányi, A., Muñoz-Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., Bechtold, P., Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., De Chiara, G., Dahlgren, P., Dee, D., Diamantakis, M., Dragani, R., Flemming, J., Forbes, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, A., Haimberger, L., Healy, S., Hogan, R. J., Hólm, E., Janisková, M., Keeley, S., Laloyaux, P., Lopez, P., Lupu, C., Radnoti, G., de Rosnay, P., Rozum, I., Vamborg, F., Villaume, S., and Thépaut, J.-N.: The ERA5 global reanalysis. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 146, 1999–2049, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803, 2020.
Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., and Thépaut, J.-N.: ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1940 to present, Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS) [data set], https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.bd0915c6, 2023.
Hertig, E., Russo, A., and Trigo, R. M.: Heat and Ozone Pollution Waves in Central and South Europe – Characteristics, Weather Types, and Association with Mortality, Atmosphere, 11, 12, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11121271, 2020.
Hong, S.-Y., Noh, Y., and Dudhia, J.: A New Vertical Diffusion Package with an Explicit Treatment of Entrainment Processes, Mon. Weather Rev., 134, 2318–2341, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR3199.1, 2006.
in't Veld, M., Carnerero, C., Massagué, J., Alastuey, A., de la Rosa, J. D., Sánchez de la Campa, A. M., Escudero, M., Mantilla, E., Gangoiti, G., García-Pando, C. P., Olid, M., Moreta, J. R., Hernández, J. L., Santamaría, J., Millán, M., and Querol, X.: Understanding the local and remote source contributions to ambient O3 during a pollution episode using a combination of experimental approaches in the Guadalquivir valley, southern Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 777, 144579, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144579, 2021.
Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., Bergamaschi, P., Pagliari, V., Olivier, J. G. J., Peters, J. A. H. W., van Aardenne, J. A., Monni, S., Doering, U., Petrescu, A. M. R., Solazzo, E., and Oreggioni, G. D.: EDGAR v4.3.2 Global Atlas of the three major greenhouse gas emissions for the period 1970–2012, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 959–1002, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-959-2019, 2019.
Jiménez, P., Lelieveld, J., and Baldasano, J. M.: Multiscale modeling of air pollutants dynamics in the northwestern Mediterranean basin during a typical summertime episode, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 11, D18306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006516, 2006.
Knapp, K. R.: Scientific data stewardship of International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project B1 global geostationary observations, J. Appl. Remote Sens., 2, 023548, https://doi.org/10.1117/1.3043461, 2008.
Lamarque, J.-F., Emmons, L. K., Hess, P. G., Kinnison, D. E., Tilmes, S., Vitt, F., Heald, C. L., Holland, E. A., Lauritzen, P. H., Neu, J., Orlando, J. J., Rasch, P. J., and Tyndall, G. K.: CAM-chem: description and evaluation of interactive atmospheric chemistry in the Community Earth System Model, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 369–411, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-369-2012, 2012.
Massagué, J., Contreras, J., Campos, A., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: 2005–2018 trends in ozone peak concentrations and spatial contributions in the Guadalquivir Valley, southern Spain, Atmos. Environ., 254, 118385, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118385, 2021.
Millán, M. M., Artíñano, B., Alonso, L., Castro, M., Patier, R., and Goberna, J.: Meso-meteorological cycles of air pollution in the iberian peninsula, (MECAPIP), Contract EV4V-0097-E, Air Pollution Research Report 44, (Eur No. 14834) CEC-DG XII/E-1, E.GUYOT SA, Rue de la Loi, 200, 1992.
Millán, M. M., Salvador, R., Mantilla, E., and Kallos, G.: Photooxidant dynamics in the Mediterranean basin in summer: Results from European research projects, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 8811–8823, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD03610, 1997.
Millán, M. M., Sanz, M. J., Salvador, R., and Mantilla, E.: Atmospheric dynamics and ozone cycles related to nitrogen deposition in the western Mediterranea, Environ. Pollut., 118, 167–18, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00311-6, 2002.
Mlawer, E. J., Taubman, S. J., Brown, P. D., Iacono, M. J., and Clough, S. A.: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 16663–16682, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00237, 1997.
Monteiro, A., Strunk, A., Carvalho, A., Tchepel, O., Miranda, A. I., Borrego, C., Saavedra, S., Rodríguez, A., Souto, J., Casares, J., Friese, E., and Elbern, H.: Investigating a high ozone episode in a rural mountain site, Environ. Pollut., 162, 176–189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.11.008, 2012.
Monteiro, A., Gama, C., Cândido, M., Ribeiro, I., Carvalho, D., and Lopes, M.: Investigating ozone high levels and the role of sea breeze on its transport, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 7, 339–347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2015.10.013, 2016.
Myneni, R. B., Hoffman, S., Knyazikhin, Y., Privette, J. L., Glassy, J., Tian, Y., Wang, Y., Song, X., Zhang, Y., Smith, G. R., Lotsch, A., Friedl, M., Morisette, J. T., Votava, P., Nemani, R. R., and Running, S. W.: Global products of vegetation leaf area and fraction absorbed PAR from year one of MODIS data, Remote Sens. Environ., 83, 214–231, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00074-3, 2002.
Navazo, M., Durana, N., Alonso, L., Gómez, M. C., García, J. A., Ilardia, J. L., Gangoiti, G., and Iza, J.: High temporal resolution measurements of ozone precursors in a rural background station. A two-year study, Environ. Monit. Assess., 136, 53–68, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9720-4, 2008.
NCAR: The National Center for Atmospheric Research, Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible (TUV) Radiation Model, Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling (ACOM), https://www2.acom.ucar.edu/modeling/tropospheric-ultraviolet-and-visible-tuv-radiation-model (last access: 28 March 2022), 2011.
Nenes, A., Pandis, S. N., and Pilinis, C.: ISORROPIA: A New Thermodynamic Equilibrium Model for Multiphase Multicomponent Inorganic Aerosols, Aquat. Geochem., 4, 123–152, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009604003981, 1998.
Nenes, A., Pilinis, C., and Pandis, S. N.: Continued Development and Testing of a New Thermodynamic Aerosol Module for Urban and Regional Air Quality Models, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1553–156, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00352-5, 1999.
Oikonomakis, E., Aksoyoglu, S., Ciarelli, G., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Low modeled ozone production suggests underestimation of precursor emissions (especially NOx) in Europe, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2175–2198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2175-2018, 2018.
Otte, T. L. and Pleim, J. E.: The Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIP) for the CMAQ modeling system: updates through MCIPv3.4.1, Geosci. Model Dev., 3, 243–256, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-3-243-2010, 2010.
Pay, M. T., Piot, M., Jorba, O., Gassó, S., Gonçalves, M., Basart, S., Dabdub, D., Jiménez-Guerrero, P., and Baldasano, J. M.: A full year evaluation of the CALIOPE-EU air quality modeling system over Europe for 2004, Atmos. Environ., 44, 3322–3342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.05.040, 2010.
Pay, M. T., Gangoiti, G., Guevara, M., Napelenok, S., Querol, X., Jorba, O., and Pérez García-Pando, C.: Ozone source apportionment during peak summer events over southwestern Europe, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5467–5494, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5467-2019, 2019.
Pires, J. C. M., Alvim-Ferraz, M. C. M., and Martins, F. G.: Surface ozone behaviour at rural sites in Portugal, Atmos. Res., 104–105, 164–171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.10.001, 2012.
Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Reche, C., Orio, A., Pallares, M., Reina, F., Dieguez, J. J., Mantilla, E., Escudero, M., Alonso, L., Gangoiti, G., and Millán, M.: On the origin of the highest ozone episodes in Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 572, 379–389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.193, 2016.
Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Gangoiti, G., Perez, N., Lee, H. K., Eun, H. R., Park, Y., Mantilla, E., Escudero, M., Titos, G., Alonso, L., Temime-Roussel, B., Marchand, N., Moreta, J. R., Revuelta, M. A., Salvador, P., Artíñano, B., García dos Santos, S., Anguas, M., Notario, A., Saiz-Lopez, A., Harrison, R. M., Millán, M., and Ahn, K.-H.: Phenomenology of summer ozone episodes over the Madrid Metropolitan Area, central Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 6511–6533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6511-2018, 2018.
Ramboll Environment and Health: User's Guide: Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions, Version 6.5, Novato, California, https://www.camx.com/Files/CAMxUsersGuide_v6.50.pdf (last access: 26 March 2024), 2018.
Rodrigues, V., Gama, C., Ascenso, A., Oliveira, K., Coelho, S., Monteiro, A., Hayes, E., and Lopes, M.: Assessing air pollution in European cities to support a citizen centered approach to air quality management, Sci. Total Environ., 799, 149311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149311, 2021.
Russo, A., Gouveia, C., Levy, I., Dayan, U., Jerez, S., Mendes, M., and Trigo, R.: Coastal recirculation potential affecting air pollutants in Portugal: The role of circulation weather types, Atmos. Environ., 135, 9–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.03.039, 2016.
Sá, E., Tchepel, O., Carvalho, A., and Borrego, C.: Meteorological driven changes on air quality over Portugal: A KZ filter application, Atmos. Pol. Res., 6, 979–989, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2015.05.003, 2015.
Sáez de Cámara, E., Gangoiti, G., Alonso, L., Valdenebro, V., Aksoyoglu, S., and Oikonomakis, E.: Ozone Source Apportionment to Quantify Local-to-Continental Source Contributions to Episodic Events in Northern Iberia, Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXV, edited by: Mensink, C. and Kallos, G., Springer Cham, 361–365, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_57, 2018.
Saha, S., Moorthi, S., Wu, X., Wang, J., Nadiga, S., Tripp, P., Behringer, D., Hou, Y.-T., Chuang, H., Iredell, M., Ek, M., Meng, J., Yang, R., Mendez, M. P., Dool, H. van den, Zhang, Q., Wang, W., Chen, M., and Becker, E.: The NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2, J. Climate, 27, 2185–2208, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00823.1, 2014.
Silva, R. C. V. and Pires, J. C. M.: Surface Ozone Pollution: Trends, Meteorological Influences, and Chemical Precursors in Portugal, Sustainability, 14, 2383, https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042383, 2022.
Sindelarova, K., Granier, C., Bouarar, I., Guenther, A., Tilmes, S., Stavrakou, T., Müller, J.-F., Kuhn, U., Stefani, P., and Knorr, W.: Global data set of biogenic VOC emissions calculated by the MEGAN model over the last 30 years, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9317–9341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9317-2014, 2014.
Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., Dudhia, J., Gill, D. O., Barker, D., Duda, M. G., Huang, X. Y., Wang, W., and Powers, J. G.: A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3 (No. NCAR/TN-475+STR), University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, https://doi.org/10.5065/D68S4MVH, 2008.
Torre-Pascual, E.: Simulations of tropospheric O3 in the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10886332, 2024.
Torre-Pascual, E., Sáez de Cámara, E., Gangoiti, G., and Zuazo, I.: Biogenic VOC Emission Modeling for Spain: Adaptation of the National Forest Inventory as Input for MEGANv3, Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVII, edited by: Mensink, C. and Volker, M., Springer, 45–50, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63760-9_7, 2021.
Torre-Pascual, E., Ferreira, J., Sáez de Cámara, E., Gama, C., and Gangoiti, G.: Ozone Episodes in Northern and Western Iberia: Understanding and Quantifying the Sources and Transport Mechanisms by Integrated Process Analysis, Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVIII, ITM 2021, edited by: Mensink, C. and Jorba, O., Springer Proceedings in Complexity, Springer, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12786-1_21, 2023.
U.S. EPA: SPECIATE Version 4.5, Database Development Documentation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/R-16/294, https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-09/documents/speciate_4.5.pdf (last access: 1 May 2021), 2016.
Valdenebro, V., Gangoiti, G., Albizuri, A., Alonso, L., Navazo, M., García, J. A., Iza, J., and Millán, M. M.: Build-up and decay of two ozone episodes through northern Iberia and southern France – An inter-regional transport analysis, Atmos. Environ., 45, 1595–1603, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.12.031, 2011.
Valverde, V., Pay, M. T., and Baldasano, J. M.: Ozone attributed to Madrid and Barcelona on-road transport emissions: Characterization of plume dynamics over the Iberian Peninsula, Sci. Total Environ., 543, 670–682, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.070, 2016.
Yang, W., Tan, B., Huang, D., Rautiainen, M., Shabanov, N. V., Wang, Y, Privette, J. L., Huemmrich, K. F., Fensholt, R., Sandholt, I., Weiss, M., Ahl, D. E., Gower, S. T., Nemani, R. R., Knyazikhin, Y., and Myneni, R. B.: MODIS leaf area index products: From validation to algorithm improvement, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 44, 1885–1898, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2006.871215, 2006.
Yuan, H., Dai, Y., Xiao, Z., Ji, D., and Shangguan, W.: Reprocessing the MODIS Leaf Area Index products for land surface and climate modelling, Remote Sens. Environ., 115, 1171–1187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.01.001, 2011.
Zhang, L., Gong, S., Padro, J., and Barrie, L.: A size-segregated particle dry deposition scheme for an atmospheric aerosol module, Atmos. Environ., 35, 549–560, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00326-5, 2001.
Zhang, L., Brook, J. R., and Vet, R.: A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2067–2082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-2067-2003, 2003.
Zuazo, I., Torre-Pascual, E., and García, J. A.: Evaluation of Satellite Vegetation Indices for BVOC Emission Modelling. Case Study: Basque Country, Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVIII, ITM 2021, edited by: Mensink, C. and Jorba, O., Springer Proceedings in Complexity, Springer, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12786-1_41, 2023.
Short summary
We present an analysis of an intense air pollution episode of tropospheric ozone (O3) along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, incorporating both measured and simulated parameters. Our study extends beyond surface-level factors to include altitude-related parameters. These episodes stem from upper-atmosphere O3 accumulation in preceding days, transported to surface layers, causing rapid O3 concentration increase.
We present an analysis of an intense air pollution episode of tropospheric ozone (O3) along the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint