Articles | Volume 24, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12203-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12203-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Nov 2024
Research article |
| 04 Nov 2024
| 04 Nov 2024
Precipitation in the mountains of Central Asia: isotopic composition and source regions
Zarina Saidaliyeva
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
Maria Shahgedanova
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
Vadim Yapiyev
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
School of Mining and Geosciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Andrew John Wade
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
Fakhriddin Akbarov
Centre of Glacial Geology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Tashkent, 100164, Uzbekistan
Mukhammed Esenaman uulu
Central Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences, Bishkek, 720027, Kyrgyzstan
Olga Kalashnikova
Central Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences, Bishkek, 720027, Kyrgyzstan
Vassiliy Kapitsa
Central Asian Regional Glaciological Centre under the auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Nikolay Kasatkin
Central Asian Regional Glaciological Centre under the auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Ilkhomiddin Rakhimov
Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower and Ecology, Dushanbe, 734025, Tajikistan
Rysbek Satylkanov
Tien Shan High Mountain Research Center, Bishkek, 720033, Kyrgyzstan
Daniiar Sayakbaev
Tien Shan High Mountain Research Center, Bishkek, 720033, Kyrgyzstan
Eleonora Semakova
Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100052, Uzbekistan
Igor Severskiy
Central Asian Regional Glaciological Centre under the auspices of UNESCO, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Maxim Petrov
Centre of Glacial Geology, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Tashkent, 100164, Uzbekistan
Gulomjon Umirzakov
National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Tashkent, 100052, Uzbekistan
Ryskul Usubaliev
Central Asian Institute for Applied Geosciences, Bishkek, 720027, Kyrgyzstan
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Horst Machguth, Anja Eichler, Margit Schwikowski, Sabina Brütsch, Enrico Mattea, Stanislav Kutuzov, Martin Heule, Ryskul Usubaliev, Sultan Belekov, Vladimir N. Mikhalenko, Martin Hoelzle, and Marlene Kronenberg
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Youping Chen, Magdalena Opała-Owczarek, Feng Chen, Piotr Owczarek, Heli Zhang, Shijie Wang, Mao Hu, Rysbek Satylkanov, Bakytbek Ermenbaev, Bakhtiyorov Zulfiyor, Huaming Shang, and Ruibo Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-329, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-329, 2022
Preprint withdrawn
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Mountain precipitation is an important force driving the cycles of the cryosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere in arid Central Asia. This driving force has broad coherence in spatiotemporal variation, with periodic cycles and decadal shifts caused by the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. In the future, the increase of precipitation will delay the impact of the sharp rise in temperature on the melting of glacier mass balance.
Zhihua He, Katy Unger-Shayesteh, Sergiy Vorogushyn, Stephan M. Weise, Doris Duethmann, Olga Kalashnikova, Abror Gafurov, and Bruno Merz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3289–3309, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3289-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3289-2020, 2020
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Quantifying the seasonal contributions of the runoff components, including groundwater, snowmelt, glacier melt, and rainfall, to streamflow is highly necessary for understanding the dynamics of water resources in glacierized basins given the vulnerability of snow- and glacier-dominated environments to the current climate warming. Our study provides the first comparison of two end-member mixing approaches for hydrograph separation in glacierized basins.
Julia Kalanke, Jens Mingram, Stefan Lauterbach, Ryskul Usubaliev, Rik Tjallingii, and Achim Brauer
Geochronology, 2, 133–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-133-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-2-133-2020, 2020
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Our study presents the first seasonally laminated (varved) sediment record covering almost the entire Holocene in high mountainous arid Central Asia. The established floating varve chronology is confirmed by two terrestrial radiocarbon dates, whereby aquatic radiocarbon dates reveal decreasing reservoir ages up core. Changes in seasonal deposition characteristics are attributed to changes in runoff and precipitation and/or to evaporative summer conditions.
Naoki Sakurai, Chiyuki Narama, Mirlan Daiyrov, Muhammed Esenamanov, Zarylbek Usekov, and Hiroshi Inoue
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-62, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-62, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
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To better understand the storage in and drainage through supraglacial lakes and englacial conduits, we investigated the daily water-level variations of supraglacial lakes on the southern Inylchek Glacier in 2017, 2018, and 2019, using daily aerial digital images in 2017–2019 from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We observed the simultaneous drainage of five lakes, and argued that each lake must have been connected to the same main englacial conduit via a branch englacial conduit.
Martina Barandun, Matthias Huss, Ryskul Usubaliev, Erlan Azisov, Etienne Berthier, Andreas Kääb, Tobias Bolch, and Martin Hoelzle
The Cryosphere, 12, 1899–1919, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1899-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1899-2018, 2018
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In this study, we used three independent methods (in situ measurements, comparison of digital elevation models and modelling) to reconstruct the mass change from 2000 to 2016 for three glaciers in the Tien Shan and Pamir. Snow lines observed on remote sensing images were used to improve conventional modelling by constraining a mass balance model. As a result, glacier mass changes for unmeasured years and glaciers can be better assessed. Substantial mass loss was confirmed for the three glaciers.
Heiko Apel, Zharkinay Abdykerimova, Marina Agalhanova, Azamat Baimaganbetov, Nadejda Gavrilenko, Lars Gerlitz, Olga Kalashnikova, Katy Unger-Shayesteh, Sergiy Vorogushyn, and Abror Gafurov
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2225–2254, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2225-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2225-2018, 2018
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Central Asia crucially depends on water resources supplied by snow melt in the mountains during summer. To support water resources management we propose a generic tool for statistical forecasts of seasonal discharge based on multiple linear regressions. The predictors are observed precipitation and temperature, snow coverage, and discharge. The automatically derived models for 13 different catchments provided very skilful forecasts in April, and acceptable forecasts in January.
Vassiliy Kapitsa, Maria Shahgedanova, Horst Machguth, Igor Severskiy, and Akhmetkal Medeu
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1837–1856, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1837-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-1837-2017, 2017
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Changes in lake count and area in the region of Djungarskiy Alatau were assessed, showing that both increased by 6 % in 2002–2014 due to glacier melt. A total of 50 lakes were identified as potentially dangerous. GlabTop2 was used to simulate location and size of overdeepenings in the subglacier beds which present sites where lakes can develop in the future. The model predicted 67 % of lakes would form in the area de-glacierized in 2002–2014, correctly proving a useful tool in hazard management.
Martin Hoelzle, Erlan Azisov, Martina Barandun, Matthias Huss, Daniel Farinotti, Abror Gafurov, Wilfried Hagg, Ruslan Kenzhebaev, Marlene Kronenberg, Horst Machguth, Alexandr Merkushkin, Bolot Moldobekov, Maxim Petrov, Tomas Saks, Nadine Salzmann, Tilo Schöne, Yuri Tarasov, Ryskul Usubaliev, Sergiy Vorogushyn, Andrey Yakovlev, and Michael Zemp
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 6, 397–418, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-397-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-397-2017, 2017
Zamira Usmanova, Maria Shahgedanova, Igor Severskiy, Gennady Nosenko, and Vassiliy Kapitsa
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2016-82, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2016-82, 2016
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Changes in glacierized area in the Tekes River basin were assessed using Landsat and KH-9 imagery from 2013, 1992 and 1976. The Tekes River is a transboundary river distributing water between Kazakhstan and China where strong competition for water exists. Glacier shrinkage has been observed and the observed warming is likely to result in the extension of the melting season and higher proportion of liquid precipitation leading to further and potentially faster glacier recession in the future.
R. A. Skeffington, S. J. Halliday, A. J. Wade, M. J. Bowes, and M. Loewenthal
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2491–2504, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2491-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2491-2015, 2015
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The EU Water Framework Directive requires rivers to be of good chemical and ecological quality. Chemical quality is assessed by sampling and analysing the water. Normal sampling regimes might involve taking a sample monthly or weekly. This paper uses high-frequency data from rivers to assess how accurate these regimes are at assessing the true chemical quality. Weekly sampling was more accurate than monthly, but there were still large uncertainties. We suggest ways to improve sampling accuracy.
M. Shahgedanova, G. Nosenko, S. Kutuzov, O. Rototaeva, and T. Khromova
The Cryosphere, 8, 2367–2379, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2367-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2367-2014, 2014
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The paper investigates changes in the area of 498 glaciers in the main Caucasus ridge and on Mt. Elbrus (the highest summit in geographical Europe), Russia/Georgia in the late 20th and 21st centuries using ASTER and Landsat imagery with 15 m resolution from 1999-2001 and 2010-2012 and aerial photography from 1987-2001. The glacier area decreased by 4.7±2.1% or 19.2±8.7 km2 from 1999-2001 to 2010/12. The recession rates of glacier terminus more than doubled between 1987-2000/01 and 2000/01–2010.
M. N. Futter, M. A. Erlandsson, D. Butterfield, P. G. Whitehead, S. K. Oni, and A. J. Wade
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 855–873, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-855-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-855-2014, 2014
S. J. Halliday, R. A. Skeffington, A. J. Wade, C. Neal, B. Reynolds, D. Norris, and J. W. Kirchner
Biogeosciences, 10, 8013–8038, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8013-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8013-2013, 2013
S. Kutuzov, M. Shahgedanova, V. Mikhalenko, P. Ginot, I. Lavrentiev, and S. Kemp
The Cryosphere, 7, 1481–1498, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1481-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-1481-2013, 2013
M. Shahgedanova, S. Kutuzov, K. H. White, and G. Nosenko
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 1797–1808, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1797-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1797-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Climate and Earth System | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Spring tropical cyclones modulate near-surface isotopic compositions of atmospheric water vapour in Kathmandu, Nepal
Niranjan Adhikari, Jing Gao, Aibin Zhao, Tianli Xu, Manli Chen, Xiaowei Niu, and Tandong Yao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3279–3296, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3279-2024, 2024
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Atmospheric water vapour isotopes at Kathmandu recorded significantly low δ18Ov and δDv values during cyclones Tauktae and Yaas in 2021, originating in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, respectively. Such depletion was associated with the intense moisture convergence and strong convection near the sampling site. The lower δ18Ov and higher d-excessv values during cyclone Yaas may be attributed to the occurrence of robust downdrafts during the rainfall.
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Short summary
Ratios of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in precipitation are used to trace source regions and pathways of atmospheric moisture. A database of these measurements was developed for the mountains of Central Asia and analysed in the context of atmospheric trajectories. Over 50 % of precipitation was formed from moisture re-evaporated from regional terrestrial sources including the irrigated land in the Aral Sea basin, highlighting its support of the water tower function of the mountains.
Ratios of stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in precipitation are used to trace source...
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