Articles | Volume 23, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7741-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7741-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
14 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 14 Jul 2023
| 14 Jul 2023
A thermodynamic framework for bulk–surface partitioning in finite-volume mixed organic–inorganic aerosol particles and cloud droplets
Ryan Schmedding
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Cited
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Model-Measurement Comparisons for Surfactant-Containing Aerosol Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00199
- Quantifying surface tension of metastable aerosols via electrodeformation V. Shahabadi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54106-3
- Impact of nonionic surfactants on the water activity of binary and ternary aqueous solutions E. Werner et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CP03917G
- Properties of Surface-Active Organics in Aerosol Particles Produced from Combustion of Biomass Fuels under Simulated Prescribed-Fire and Wildfire Conditions A. Deegan et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00243
- Water activity and surface tension of aqueous ammonium sulfate and D-glucose aerosol nanoparticles E. Mikhailov et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2971-2024
- Hygroscopic behavior and aerosol chemistry of atmospheric particles containing organic acids and inorganic salts F. Tan et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00752-9
- Surface tension and hygroscopicity analysis of aerosols containing organosulfate surfactants V. Shahabadi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14301-2025
- Cloud drop activation of insoluble aerosols aided by film-forming surfactants A. Laaksonen https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2-343-2024
- Surface tension predictions during hygroscopic growth and cloud droplet activation using a simple kinetic surfactant partitioning model E. Werner et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2465705
- Effects of the Biosurfactant Rhamnolipid on the hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nuclei activity (CCN) of ammonium sulfate aerosols W. Fang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108950
- A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Pure-Component Surface Tension of Atmospherically Relevant Organic Compounds R. Schmedding et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00291
- Measurements and Model Predictions for the Surface Tension of Aerosol Droplets Containing Mixtures of Strong Nonionic Surfactants and Organic Solutes K. Ramos et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c06630
- Predicting Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of Submicrometer Proxies for Atmospheric Secondary Aerosol Q. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00254
- Recent advances in experimental techniques for investigating aerosol surface tension A. Bain https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2373907
- Surface-Area-to-Volume Ratio Determines Surface Tensions in Microscopic, Surfactant-Containing Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.3c00998
- A conceptual framework for the influence of water activity parameterization on hygroscopic growth and cloud droplet activation in aerosols containing strong nonionic surfactants A. Bain https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00035E
- Exploring How the Surface-Area-to-Volume Ratio Influences the Partitioning of Surfactants to the Air–Water Interface in Levitated Microdroplets M. Jacobs et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.4c06210
- The role of interfacial tension in the size-dependent phase separation of atmospheric aerosol particles R. Schmedding & A. Zuend https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-327-2025
- Extension of the AIOMFAC Model for Atmospheric Aerosols Containing Partially Dissociating Organosulfates and Dicarboxylic Acids B. Bergen et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00146
- Surfactant Partitioning Dynamics in Freshly Generated Aerosol Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c03041
- Interfacial electric fields create hyperalkaline shells on fatty acid–coated microdroplet aerosols Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2604717123
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Model-Measurement Comparisons for Surfactant-Containing Aerosol Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00199
- Quantifying surface tension of metastable aerosols via electrodeformation V. Shahabadi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54106-3
- Impact of nonionic surfactants on the water activity of binary and ternary aqueous solutions E. Werner et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CP03917G
- Properties of Surface-Active Organics in Aerosol Particles Produced from Combustion of Biomass Fuels under Simulated Prescribed-Fire and Wildfire Conditions A. Deegan et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00243
- Water activity and surface tension of aqueous ammonium sulfate and D-glucose aerosol nanoparticles E. Mikhailov et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2971-2024
- Hygroscopic behavior and aerosol chemistry of atmospheric particles containing organic acids and inorganic salts F. Tan et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00752-9
- Surface tension and hygroscopicity analysis of aerosols containing organosulfate surfactants V. Shahabadi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14301-2025
- Cloud drop activation of insoluble aerosols aided by film-forming surfactants A. Laaksonen https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2-343-2024
- Surface tension predictions during hygroscopic growth and cloud droplet activation using a simple kinetic surfactant partitioning model E. Werner et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2465705
- Effects of the Biosurfactant Rhamnolipid on the hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nuclei activity (CCN) of ammonium sulfate aerosols W. Fang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108950
- A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Pure-Component Surface Tension of Atmospherically Relevant Organic Compounds R. Schmedding et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00291
- Measurements and Model Predictions for the Surface Tension of Aerosol Droplets Containing Mixtures of Strong Nonionic Surfactants and Organic Solutes K. Ramos et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c06630
- Predicting Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of Submicrometer Proxies for Atmospheric Secondary Aerosol Q. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00254
- Recent advances in experimental techniques for investigating aerosol surface tension A. Bain https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2373907
- Surface-Area-to-Volume Ratio Determines Surface Tensions in Microscopic, Surfactant-Containing Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.3c00998
- A conceptual framework for the influence of water activity parameterization on hygroscopic growth and cloud droplet activation in aerosols containing strong nonionic surfactants A. Bain https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00035E
- Exploring How the Surface-Area-to-Volume Ratio Influences the Partitioning of Surfactants to the Air–Water Interface in Levitated Microdroplets M. Jacobs et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.4c06210
- The role of interfacial tension in the size-dependent phase separation of atmospheric aerosol particles R. Schmedding & A. Zuend https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-327-2025
- Extension of the AIOMFAC Model for Atmospheric Aerosols Containing Partially Dissociating Organosulfates and Dicarboxylic Acids B. Bergen et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00146
- Surfactant Partitioning Dynamics in Freshly Generated Aerosol Droplets A. Bain et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c03041
- Interfacial electric fields create hyperalkaline shells on fatty acid–coated microdroplet aerosols Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2604717123
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 06 Aug 2026
Short summary
Aerosol particles below 100 nm in diameter have high surface-area-to-volume ratios. The enrichment of compounds in the surface of an aerosol particle may lead to depletion of that species in the interior bulk of the particle. We present a framework for modeling the equilibrium bulk–surface partitioning of mixed organic–inorganic particles, including cases of co-condensation of semivolatile organic compounds and species with extremely limited solubility in the bulk or surface of a particle.
Aerosol particles below 100 nm in diameter have high surface-area-to-volume ratios. The...
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