Articles | Volume 22, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14603-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14603-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Nov 2022
Research article |
| 17 Nov 2022
| 17 Nov 2022
Southern Ocean cloud and shortwave radiation biases in a nudged climate model simulation: does the model ever get it right?
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Climate Science Centre, Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Australia
Alain Protat
Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Marc D. Mallet
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Simon P. Alexander
Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart, Australia
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Matthew T. Woodhouse
Climate Science Centre, Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Aspendale, Australia
Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Cited
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Observations of Clouds and Radiation Over King George Island and Implications for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica P. Rowe et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042787
- Southern Ocean Low Cloud and Precipitation Phase Observed During the Macquarie Island Cloud and Radiation Experiment (MICRE) E. Tansey et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD039205
- Marine emissions of methanethiol increase aerosol cooling in the Southern Ocean C. Wohl et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq2465
- One-third of Southern Ocean productivity is supported by dust deposition J. Weis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07366-4
- Addressing Complexity in Global Aerosol Climate Model Cloud Microphysics U. Proske et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003571
- Earth-system-model evaluation of cloud and precipitation occurrence for supercooled and warm clouds over the Southern Ocean's Macquarie Island M. Stanford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9037-2023
- Assessing the cloud radiative bias at Macquarie Island in the ACCESS-AM2 model Z. Pei et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14691-2023
- Antarctic sea ice surface temperature bias in atmospheric reanalyses induced by the combined effects of sea ice and clouds Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01692-1
- Southern Annular Mode dynamics, projections and impacts in a changing climate A. Purich et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00746-y
- High‐Resolution Thermal Imaging in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone: Skin Temperature Heterogeneity and Effects on Heat Fluxes I. Tersigni et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EA003078
- An Advanced Algorithm for Accurate Retrieval of Liquid Water Cloud Properties Using Spaceborne Radar J. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3640651
- Wet deposition in shallow convection over the Southern Ocean T. Alinejadtabrizi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00625-1
- A machine learning approach for evaluating Southern Ocean cloud radiative biases in a global atmosphere model S. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2641-2024
- The ACCESS-AM2 climate model underestimates aerosol concentration in the Southern Ocean; improving aerosol representation could be problematic for the global energy balance S. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16451-2025
14 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Observations of Clouds and Radiation Over King George Island and Implications for the Southern Ocean and Antarctica P. Rowe et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042787
- Southern Ocean Low Cloud and Precipitation Phase Observed During the Macquarie Island Cloud and Radiation Experiment (MICRE) E. Tansey et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD039205
- Marine emissions of methanethiol increase aerosol cooling in the Southern Ocean C. Wohl et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq2465
- One-third of Southern Ocean productivity is supported by dust deposition J. Weis et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07366-4
- Addressing Complexity in Global Aerosol Climate Model Cloud Microphysics U. Proske et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003571
- Earth-system-model evaluation of cloud and precipitation occurrence for supercooled and warm clouds over the Southern Ocean's Macquarie Island M. Stanford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9037-2023
- Assessing the cloud radiative bias at Macquarie Island in the ACCESS-AM2 model Z. Pei et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14691-2023
- Antarctic sea ice surface temperature bias in atmospheric reanalyses induced by the combined effects of sea ice and clouds Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01692-1
- Southern Annular Mode dynamics, projections and impacts in a changing climate A. Purich et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-025-00746-y
- High‐Resolution Thermal Imaging in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone: Skin Temperature Heterogeneity and Effects on Heat Fluxes I. Tersigni et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EA003078
- An Advanced Algorithm for Accurate Retrieval of Liquid Water Cloud Properties Using Spaceborne Radar J. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3640651
- Wet deposition in shallow convection over the Southern Ocean T. Alinejadtabrizi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00625-1
- A machine learning approach for evaluating Southern Ocean cloud radiative biases in a global atmosphere model S. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2641-2024
- The ACCESS-AM2 climate model underestimates aerosol concentration in the Southern Ocean; improving aerosol representation could be problematic for the global energy balance S. Fiddes et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16451-2025
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Short summary
Climate models have difficulty simulating Southern Ocean clouds, impacting how much sunlight reaches the surface. We use machine learning to group different cloud types observed from satellites and simulated in a climate model. We find the model does a poor job of simulating the same cloud type as what the satellite shows and, even when it does, the cloud properties and amount of reflected sunlight are incorrect. We have a lot of work to do to model clouds correctly over the Southern Ocean.
Climate models have difficulty simulating Southern Ocean clouds, impacting how much sunlight...
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