Dramatic increase in reactive volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from ships at berth after implementing the fuel switch policy in the Pearl River Delta Emission Control Area
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute
of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
Junjie He
Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
Hongzhan Chen
Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
Xueliang Huang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Yunfu Total Pollutant Discharge Control Center, Yunfu 527300, China
Yujun Wang
Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510640, China
Xu Yu
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Weiqiang Yang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Runqi Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Ming Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Sheng Li
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Hua Fang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Zhou Zhang
Changsha Center for Mineral Resources Exploration, Guangzhou Institute
of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410013, China
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute
of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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As ship emissions impact air quality in coastal areas, ships are required to switch their fuel from high-sulfur residual fuel oil to
low-sulfur diesel or heavy oil in emission control areas (ECA). Our study reveals that while this policy did result in a large drop in ship emissions of particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), however, became over 10 times larger and therefore risks ozone pollution control in harbor cities.
As ship emissions impact air quality in coastal areas, ships are required to switch their fuel...
