School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
Haoyao Sun
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
Wenhuai Song
Yale – NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Fang Cao
Yale – NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Chongguo Tian
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
Yale – NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Viewed
Total article views: 3,716 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
2,227
1,409
80
3,716
399
91
186
HTML: 2,227
PDF: 1,409
XML: 80
Total: 3,716
Supplement: 399
BibTeX: 91
EndNote: 186
Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Apr 2020)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Apr 2020)
Total article views: 2,566 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
1,886
617
63
2,566
226
70
165
HTML: 1,886
PDF: 617
XML: 63
Total: 2,566
Supplement: 226
BibTeX: 70
EndNote: 165
Views and downloads (calculated since 27 Nov 2020)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 27 Nov 2020)
Total article views: 1,150 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
HTML
PDF
XML
Total
Supplement
BibTeX
EndNote
341
792
17
1,150
173
21
21
HTML: 341
PDF: 792
XML: 17
Total: 1,150
Supplement: 173
BibTeX: 21
EndNote: 21
Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Apr 2020)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 01 Apr 2020)
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 3,716 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,716 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,566 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,566 with geography defined
and 0 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,150 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,128 with geography defined
and 22 with unknown origin.
This study found environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are widely present in atmospheric particles of different particle sizes and exhibit significant particle size distribution characteristics. EPFR concentrations are higher in coarse particles than in fine particles in summer and vice versa in winter. The potential toxicity caused by EPFRs may also vary with particle size and season. Combustion is the most important source of EPFRs (>70 %).
This study found environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are widely present in...
