Articles | Volume 20, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11305-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11305-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
05 Oct 2020
Research article |
| 05 Oct 2020
| 05 Oct 2020
Electricity savings and greenhouse gas emission reductions from global phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons
Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases (AIR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361, Laxenburg, Austria
Lena Höglund-Isaksson
Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases (AIR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361, Laxenburg, Austria
John Dulac
International Energy Agency (IEA), 9, Rue de la Fédération, 75015 Paris, France
Nihar Shah
Energy Technology Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Max Wei
Energy Technology Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Peter Rafaj
Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases (AIR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361, Laxenburg, Austria
Wolfgang Schöpp
Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases (AIR) Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, 2361, Laxenburg, Austria
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- Fluorinated greenhouse gas mitigation potential and routes in China and globally F. Bai et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124715
- Colossal and reversible barocaloric effect in liquid-solid-transition materials n-alkanes J. Lin et al. 10.1038/s41467-022-28229-4
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- Ensuring the climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol: Global governance architecture for cooling efficiency and alternative refrigerants W. Park et al. 10.1016/j.erss.2021.102068
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31 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The key role of propane in a sustainable cooling sector P. Purohit et al. 10.1073/pnas.2206131119
- Transitioning to low-GWP alternatives with enhanced energy efficiency in cooling non-residential buildings of China X. Wang & P. Purohit 10.1007/s11027-022-10021-w
- The COVID-19 Pandemic's Temporary Environmental Impact and the Potential Consequences of Increased HVAC Usage C. Ghana 10.2139/ssrn.4766671
- Colossal barocaloric effect in fatty acid methyl esters D. Fu et al. 10.1039/D4TC03483J
- Absorption separation of fluorinated refrigerant gases with ionic liquids: Equilibrium, mass transport, and process design S. Asensio-Delgado et al. 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119363
- Data science for thermodynamic modeling: Case study for ionic liquid and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant mixtures B. Befort et al. 10.1016/j.fluid.2023.113833
- Pathway and Cost-Benefit Analysis to Achieve China’s Zero Hydrofluorocarbon Emissions F. Bai et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c00166
- The Importance of Lifecycle Refrigerant Management in Climate and Ozone Protection P. Purohit et al. 10.3390/su17010053
- Development and validation of a gridded emissions inventory for HFC-134a in China J. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2025.109535
- Projections of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions and the resulting global warming based on recent trends in observed abundances and current policies G. Velders et al. 10.5194/acp-22-6087-2022
- Fast action on short-lived climate pollutants and nature-based solutions to help countries meet carbon neutrality goals X. SUN et al. 10.1016/j.accre.2022.06.003
- Comparative life cycle assessment of aerobic treatment units and constructed wetlands as onsite wastewater treatment systems in Australia G. Gongora et al. 10.2166/wst.2021.316
- Colossal Barocaloric Effect of Binary Fatty Acid Methyl Esters under Low Pressures near Room Temperature X. Su et al. 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03124
- A critical review of the effectiveness of electric fans as a personal cooling intervention in hot weather and heatwaves R. Meade et al. 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00030-5
- A review of bottom-up and top-down emission estimates of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in different parts of the world H. Flerlage et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131208
- Molecular dynamics investigation on the interaction of nitrile-based ionic liquids in the separation of azeotropic refrigerant R-513A M. Ye et al. 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.123445
- The Effect of Catalyst Calcination Temperature on Catalytic Decomposition of HFC-134a over γ-Al2O3 M. Sheraz et al. 10.3390/catal11091021
- Mitigation of non-CO2 greenhouse gases from Indian agriculture sector O. Patange et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad4e4e
- Efficacy of Cooling Centers for Mitigating Physiological Strain in Older Adults during Daylong Heat Exposure: A Laboratory-Based Heat Wave Simulation R. Meade et al. 10.1289/EHP11651
- A thermodynamic study and numerical analysis of Ericsson, Brayton, and Carnot cycles for the thermally regenerative electrochemical refrigerator S. Fu et al. 10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119422
- Achieving Paris climate goals calls for increasing ambition of the Kigali Amendment P. Purohit et al. 10.1038/s41558-022-01310-y
- Fluorinated greenhouse gas mitigation potential and routes in China and globally F. Bai et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124715
- Colossal and reversible barocaloric effect in liquid-solid-transition materials n-alkanes J. Lin et al. 10.1038/s41467-022-28229-4
- Machine learning for predicting the solubility of high-GWP fluorinated refrigerants in ionic liquids S. Asensio-Delgado et al. 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120472
- Ensuring the climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol: Global governance architecture for cooling efficiency and alternative refrigerants W. Park et al. 10.1016/j.erss.2021.102068
- Stabilizing F-Al-O active center via confinement of Al2O3 in SiC framework for conversion of 1,1-difluoroethane greenhouse gas X. Wei et al. 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2024.110257
- Homogeneous polyurethane foaming systems containing polyester diol, ethylene glycol, and alkylated polyethylenimine‐CO2 adducts Z. Guo et al. 10.1002/app.54230
- The social costs of hydrofluorocarbons and the benefits from their expedited phase-down T. Tan et al. 10.1038/s41558-023-01898-9
- Surface activity, wetting and foaming properties of amine-oxidized nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon anionic surfactants mixtures at low concentrations M. Peng et al. 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117701
- Trifluoroacetic acid deposition from emissions of HFO-1234yf in India, China, and the Middle East L. David et al. 10.5194/acp-21-14833-2021
- Sustainable Mitigation Strategies for Urban Heat Island Effects in Urban Areas A. Irfeey et al. 10.3390/su151410767
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Latest update: 28 Aug 2025
Short summary
This study shows that if energy efficiency improvements in cooling technologies are addressed simultaneously with a phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), not only will global warming be mitigated through the elimination of HFCs but also by saving about a fifth of future global electricity consumption. This means preventing between 411 and 631 Pg CO2 equivalent of greenhouse gases between today and 2100, thereby offering a significant contribution towards staying well below 2 °C warming.
This study shows that if energy efficiency improvements in cooling technologies are addressed...
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