Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 26, issue 12
Articles | Volume 26, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9257-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9257-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 12
Research article
 | 
01 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 01 Jul 2026

Investigating information transfer in CO2 flux inversions: an analysis of ensemble Kalman filter based on Monte Carlo simulations

Shidong Fan and Ying Li

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Short summary
Atmospheric CO2 inversions infer surface fluxes from concentration measurements, yet results vary widely across systems. Using ensemble simulations as well as variational theory, this study shows that the assumed spatial and temporal correlations of surface fluxes largely determine how observational information propagates. Transport shapes patterns, but prior correlations control scale and strength, explaining signal amplification, dilution, and flux misattribution.
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