Articles | Volume 26, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4771-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-4771-2026
Technical note
 | 
10 Apr 2026
Technical note |  | 10 Apr 2026

Technical note: Hybrid machine learning model for bias correction of UTLS relative humidity against IAGOS observations in ERA5 reanalysis

Mathieu Antonopoulos, Jérémie Juvin-Quarroz, and Olivier Boucher

Data sets

ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.bd0915c6

IAGOS final quality controlled Observational Data L2 - Time series D. Boulanger et al. https://doi.org/10.25326/06

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Short summary
Aviation impacts climate by forming contrails that trap heat and can persist for hours at cruising altitudes. Forecasting these humid regions is difficult, as satellites lack accuracy, aircraft data are limited, and ERA5 reanalysis has random errors. This study presents a hybrid machine learning method that corrects ERA5 with aircraft data, using decision trees in dry air and neural networks in humid air. It improves relative humidity predictions, especially in the lower stratosphere.
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