Fine-scale fluctuations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 concentrations caused by a prolonged volcanic eruption (Fagradalsfjall 2021, Iceland)

Whitty, Rachel C. W.; Ilyinskaya, Evgenia; Pfeffer, Melissa A.; Thrastarson, Ragnar H.; Johannsson, Þorsteinn; Barsotti, Sara; Roberts, Tjarda J.; Gilbert, Guðni M.; Hjörvar, Tryggvi; Schmidt, Anja; Fecht, Daniela; Sæmundsson, Grétar G.

doi:10.5194/acp-26-313-2026

Articles | Volume 26, issue 1

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-313-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-313-2026

© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 26, issue 1

Research article

|

07 Jan 2026

Research article |

| 07 Jan 2026

Fine-scale fluctuations of PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and SO₂ concentrations caused by a prolonged volcanic eruption (Fagradalsfjall 2021, Iceland)

Rachel C. W. Whitty, Evgenia Ilyinskaya, Melissa A. Pfeffer, Ragnar H. Thrastarson, Þorsteinn Johannsson, Sara Barsotti, Tjarda J. Roberts, Guðni M. Gilbert, Tryggvi Hjörvar, Anja Schmidt, Daniela Fecht, and Grétar G. Sæmundsson

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Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2025	138	28	8	174
Apr 2025	140	22	14	176
May 2025	58	58	4	120
Jun 2025	80	40	6	126
Jul 2025	68	20	6	94
Aug 2025	232	26	8	266
Sep 2025	1,066	30	14	1,110
Oct 2025	60	28	2	90
Nov 2025	106	44	8	158
Dec 2025	134	46	8	188
Jan 2026	499	192	21	712
Feb 2026	282	148	26	456
Mar 2026	229	150	16	395
Apr 2026	197	145	20	362
May 2026	170	53	5	228
Jun 2026	19	26	7	52
Jul 2026	51	51	23	125
Aug 2026	28	20	9	57

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 27 Mar 2025)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Mar 2025	138	28	8	174
Apr 2025	140	22	14	176
May 2025	58	58	4	120
Jun 2025	80	40	6	126
Jul 2025	68	20	6	94
Aug 2025	232	26	8	266
Sep 2025	1,066	30	14	1,110
Oct 2025	60	28	2	90
Nov 2025	106	44	8	158
Dec 2025	134	46	8	188
Jan 2026	499	192	21	712
Feb 2026	282	148	26	456
Mar 2026	229	150	16	395
Apr 2026	197	145	20	362
May 2026	170	53	5	228
Jun 2026	19	26	7	52
Jul 2026	51	51	23	125
Aug 2026	28	20	9	57

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Short summary

We studied air pollution caused by volcanic emissions, a poorly understood hazard in populated areas. We present a large dataset of high-quality measurements of sulfur dioxide gas and fine aerosol particulate matter collected during ongoing series of eruptions in Iceland. We revealed rapid, localized changes in pollutant concentrations at ground level, with implications for assessing population exposure during volcanic eruptions.