Articles | Volume 26, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Feb 2026
Research article |
| 06 Feb 2026
| 06 Feb 2026
Modelling the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on CCN concentrations over a rural boreal forest environment
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Metin Baykara
Climate and Marine Sciences Department, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Carlton Xavier
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
Research Department, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, Sweden
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Putian Zhou
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, Helsinki 00101, Finland
Juniper Tyree
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Benjamin Foreback
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Atmospheric Modelling Centre – Lahti, Lahti University Campus, Lahti 15110, Finland
Mikko Äijälä
School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Lahti 15110, Finland
Atmospheric Modelling Centre – Lahti, Lahti University Campus, Lahti 15110, Finland
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Frans Graeffe
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Tuukka Petäjä
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Markku Kulmala
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Pauli Paasonen
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Paul I. Palmer
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Michael Boy
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth Systems Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland
Atmospheric Modelling Centre – Lahti, Lahti University Campus, Lahti 15110, Finland
School of Engineering Sciences, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Lahti 15110, Finland
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Latest update: 26 Feb 2026
Short summary
Cloud condensation nuclei are necessary to form clouds, and their size distribution affects cloud properties and therefore Earth’s energy budget. This study modelled the origins of cloud condensation nuclei at SMEAR II, Hyytiälä, Finland, and found that primary emissions and new particle formation separately contribute to more than half of the condensation nuclei, but they suppress each other, leading to current concentrations. Largest condensation nuclei originated mostly from emissions.
Cloud condensation nuclei are necessary to form clouds, and their size distribution affects...
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