Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 26, issue 16
Articles | Volume 26, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-12211-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-12211-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 26, issue 16
Research article
 | 
28 Aug 2026
Research article |  | 28 Aug 2026

Sea surface warming suppresses primary sea spray aerosol number production

Raymond J. Leibensperger III, Justin D. Hamlin, Jena K. Herbst, Charbel Harb, Ke'La A. Kimble, Meinrat O. Andreae, Christopher Lee, Greg Sandstrom, M. Dale Stokes, Grant B. Deane, and Kimberly A. Prather

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Latest update: 17 Sep 2026
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Short summary
This study presents a systematic investigation of how sea surface temperature (SST) influences sea spray aerosol (SSA) production under controlled wind-wave interactions. Using the Scripps Ocean-Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS), we characterize how SSA emissions decrease as SST increases from 2 to 23 °C, quantifying bubble populations, steady-state SSA concentrations, and SSA emission fluxes. We derive correction factors to improve the representation of SSA emissions in climate models.
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