Articles | Volume 25, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9617-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9617-2025
Research article
 | 
01 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 01 Sep 2025

Evaluating reanalysis representations of climatological trace gas distributions in the Asian monsoon tropopause layer

Jonathon S. Wright, Shenglong Zhang, Jiao Chen, Sean M. Davis, Paul Konopka, Mengqian Lu, Xiaolu Yan, and Guang J. Zhang

Data sets

MLS/Aura Level 3 Daily Binned Water Vapor (H2O) Mixing Ratio on Assorted Grids V005 A. Lambert et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/Aura/MLS/DATA/3508

MLS/Aura Level 3 Daily Binned Ozone (O3) Mixing Ratio on Assorted Grids V005 M. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/Aura/MLS/DATA/3516

MLS/Aura Level 3 Daily Binned Temperature on Assorted Grids V005 M. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/Aura/MLS/DATA/3520

MLS/Aura Level 3 Daily Binned Carbon Monoxide (CO) Mixing Ratio on Assorted Grids V005 M. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/Aura/MLS/DATA/3506

MERRA-2 inst3_3d_asm_Nv: 3d,3-Hourly,Instantaneous,Model-Level, Assimilation, Assimilated Meteorological Fields V5.12.4 GMAO https://doi.org/10.5067/WWQSXQ8IVFW8

MERRA-2 inst3_3d_chm_Nv: 3d,3-Hourly,Instantaneous, Model-Level, Assimilation, Carbon Monoxide and Ozone Mixing Ratio V5.12.4 GMAO https://doi.org/10.5067/HO9OVZWF3KW2

MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_rad_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly, Time-Averaged, Single-Level, Assimilation, Radiation Diagnostics V5.12.4 GMAO https://doi.org/10.5067/Q9QMY5PBNV1T

MERRA-2 tavg3_3d_tdt_Np: 3d,3-Hourly, Time-Averaged, Pressure-Level, Assimilation, Temperature Tendencies V5.12.4 GMAO https://doi.org/10.5067/9NCR9DDDOPFI

M2-SCREAM: 3d,3-Hourly, Instantaneous,Model-Level, Assimilation, Assimilated Constituent Fields, Replayed MERRA-2 Meteorological Fields GMAO https://doi.org/10.5067/7PR3XRD6Q3NQ

CERES Energy Balanced and Filled (EBAF) TOA and Surface Monthly means data in netCDF Edition 4.2 NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC https://doi.org/10.5067/TERRA-AQUA-NOAA20/CERES/EBAF_L3B004.2

Complete ERA5 from 1940: Fifth generation of ECMWF atmospheric reanalyses of the global climate H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.143582cf

ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.bd0915c6

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47

The Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century JMA https://doi.org/10.20783/DIAS.645

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Short summary
Atmospheric reanalysis products reconstruct past states of the atmosphere. These products are often used to study winds and temperatures in the upper-level monsoon circulation, but their ability to reproduce composition fields like water vapor and ozone has been questionable at best. Here we report clear signs of improvement in both consistency across reanalyses and agreement with satellite observations, outline limitations, and suggest steps to further enhance the usefulness of these fields.
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