Assessment of the 11-year solar cycle signals in the middle atmosphere during boreal winter with multiple-model ensemble simulations

Huo, Wenjuan; Spiegl, Tobias; Wahl, Sebastian; Matthes, Katja; Langematz, Ulrike; Pohlmann, Holger; Kröger, Jürgen

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2589-2025

Articles | Volume 25, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2589-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2589-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 25, issue 4

Research article

|

28 Feb 2025

Research article |

| 28 Feb 2025

Assessment of the 11-year solar cycle signals in the middle atmosphere during boreal winter with multiple-model ensemble simulations

Wenjuan Huo, Tobias Spiegl, Sebastian Wahl, Katja Matthes, Ulrike Langematz, Holger Pohlmann, and Jürgen Kröger

Data sets

ROMIC-II-SOLCHECK joint database part I - CMIP6-like ensemble experiments with various solar forcings Sebastian Wahl et al. https://hdl.handle.net/21.14106/8b740ed5795d7e310b74ee1f5e85de5148f213fe

SOLCHECK MPI-M MPI-ESM1-2-HR CMIP6 historical simulation without solar and ozone variability Holger Pohlmann https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/SOLCHECK_MPI-ESM-HR_C6_hist

Model code and software

EGUSPHERE-2024-1288 Wenjuan Huo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14492405

Short summary

Uncertainties of the solar signals in the middle atmosphere are assessed based on large ensemble simulations with multiple climate models. Our results demonstrate that the 11-year solar signals in the shortwave heating rate, temperature, and ozone anomalies are significant and robust. The simulated dynamical responses are model-dependent, and solar imprints in the polar night jet are influenced by biases in the model used.