Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
ACP
Articles | Volume 25, issue 21
Articles | Volume 25, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14987-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14987-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 21
Research article
 | 
06 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 06 Nov 2025

Enhancement of O3–CO ratios at tropospheric subtropical latitudes: Photochemistry and stratospheric influence

Linda Ort, Andrea Pozzer, Peter Hoor, Florian Obersteiner, Andreas Zahn, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Jeff Peischl, Róisín Commane, Bruce Daube, Ilann Bourgeois, Jos Lelieveld, and Horst Fischer

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Short summary
This study investigates the role of lightning emissions on the O3–CO ratio in the northern subtropics. We used in situ observations and a global circulation model to show an effect of up to 40 % onto the subtropical O3–CO ratio by tropical air masses transported via the Hadley cell. This influence of lightning emissions and its photochemistry has a global effect on trace and greenhouse gases and needs to be considered for global chemical distributions.
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