This study analyzed PM₁₀ and oxidative potential (OP) in 12 Chinese regions (Jun 2022-May 2023) via Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory networks (CNN-LSTM) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) at 4 representative sites. PM₁₀ was higher in the northwest, lower in the northeast; urban areas had higher OP. Most sites showed peak PM₁₀ and OP in winter, lowest in summer. Traffic, biomass burning, and coal combustion were major OP contributors.