Seasonal differences in observed versus modelled new particle formation at two European boreal stations

Svenhag, Carl; Roldin, Pontus; Olenius, Tinja; Wollesen de Jonge, Robin; Blichner, Sara M.; Yazgi, Daniel; Sporre, Moa K.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11483-2025

Articles | Volume 25, issue 18

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11483-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11483-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 25, issue 18

Research article

|

29 Sep 2025

Research article |

| 29 Sep 2025

Seasonal differences in observed versus modelled new particle formation at two European boreal stations

Carl Svenhag, Pontus Roldin, Tinja Olenius, Robin Wollesen de Jonge, Sara M. Blichner, Daniel Yazgi, and Moa K. Sporre

Data sets

Data for: Seasonal differences in observed versus modeled new particle formation at two European boreal stations C. Svenhag https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039147

Model code and software

TM5-MP model version 1.2 code used in cb05_CLUST NPF project C. Svenhag https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10517639

Lookup tables for H2SO4-H2O binary and H2SO4-H2O-NH3 ternary homogeneous and ion-mediated nucleation F. Yu https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3483797

J-GAIN V1.1.0 D. Yazgi and T. Olenius https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8220223

Post-process handling scripts for publication: "Implementing detailed nucleation predictions in the Earth system model EC-Earth3.3.4: sulfuric acid-ammonia nucleation" C. Svenhag https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10512456

Short summary

This study is an investigation of the model representation of how particles are formed and grow in the atmosphere. Using modelled and observed data from two boreal forest stations in 2018, we identify key factors for new particle formation to improve particle climate predictions in the global EC-Earth3 model. Comparisons with the detailed ADCHEM model show that adding ammonia improves particle growth predictions, though EC-Earth3 still greatly underestimates the number of particles during warmer months.