Articles | Volume 25, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11469-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11469-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
29 Sep 2025
Research article |
| 29 Sep 2025
| 29 Sep 2025
Banked CFC-11 contributes to an unforeseen emission rise and sets back progress towards carbon neutrality
Heping Liu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
Huabo Duan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Multi-media Pollution Cooperative Control in Yangtze Basin, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Ning Zhang
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Ruichang Mao
DTU Sustain, Department of Environmental & Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
Travis Reed Miller
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, USA
Ming Xu
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Jiakuan Yang
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Multi-media Pollution Cooperative Control in Yangtze Basin, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
Yin Ma
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
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Short summary
This study re-evaluates emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) by employing a bottom-up dynamic material flow analysis model spanning from 1950 to 2100, at both global and regional scales. By investigating variations in the lifespan of end-use products, end-of-life handling practices, and emission factors, we partially reconcile the discrepancies between bottom-up inventories and top-down observational data.
This study re-evaluates emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) by employing a bottom-up...
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