A machine-learning-based perspective on deep convective clouds and their organisation in 3D – Part 2: Spatial–temporal patterns of convective organisation

Brüning, Sarah; Tost, Holger

doi:10.5194/acp-25-10797-2025

Articles | Volume 25, issue 18

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10797-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10797-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 25, issue 18

Research article

|

19 Sep 2025

Research article |

| 19 Sep 2025

A machine-learning-based perspective on deep convective clouds and their organisation in 3D – Part 2: Spatial–temporal patterns of convective organisation

Sarah Brüning and Holger Tost

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Feb 2025	83	26	6	115
Mar 2025	33	8	1	42
Apr 2025	26	7	2	35
May 2025	25	8	3	36
Jun 2025	38	24	8	70
Jul 2025	21	11	1	33
Aug 2025	86	8	2	96
Sep 2025	1,837	34	17	1,888
Oct 2025	173	98	3	274
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Dec 2025	154	134	14	302
Jan 2026	224	116	10	350
Feb 2026	347	94	8	449
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Apr 2026	109	179	17	305
May 2026	1	3	0	4

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 05 Feb 2025)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2025	83	26	6	115
Mar 2025	33	8	1	42
Apr 2025	26	7	2	35
May 2025	25	8	3	36
Jun 2025	38	24	8	70
Jul 2025	21	11	1	33
Aug 2025	86	8	2	96
Sep 2025	1,837	34	17	1,888
Oct 2025	173	98	3	274
Nov 2025	134	72	10	216
Dec 2025	154	134	14	302
Jan 2026	224	116	10	350
Feb 2026	347	94	8	449
Mar 2026	95	227	13	335
Apr 2026	109	179	17	305
May 2026	1	3	0	4

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Short summary

The connection between convective clouds and severe weather demands a robust characterisation of convective organisation. This study investigates spatio-temporal patterns of convective organisation and their relationship to machine-learning-based 3D cloud properties through a combination of different indices. We analyse how organisation affects cloud and core properties in a tropical domain, revealing overlapping effects of strong and weak organisation that may frequently blur statistics.