Articles | Volume 24, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9401-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9401-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Sep 2024
Research article |
| 15 Sep 2024
| 15 Sep 2024
The importance of an informed choice of CO2-equivalence metrics for contrail avoidance
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
Olivier Boucher
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
Keith P. Shine
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
Marc Stettler
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Katsumasa Tanaka
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), IPSL, CEA/CNRS/UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan
Roger Teoh
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
Nicolas Bellouin
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forecasting contrail climate forcing for flight planning and air traffic management applications: the CocipGrid model in pycontrails 0.51.0 Z. Engberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-253-2025
- The social costs of aviation CO2 and contrail cirrus D. Johansson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64355-5
- Review of methods for assessing the climate impacts of aviation technologies and the resulting best practices V. Grewe et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-026-00980-0
- Pathways for including non-carbon dioxide aviation climate effects in the European Emission Trading System V. Grewe et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03265-w
- Concept of risk-aware contrail avoidance strategies A. Borella et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/jecats-1-3-2026
- Benchmarking and improving algorithms for attributing satellite-observed contrails to flights A. Sarna et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3495-2025
- Most long-lived contrails form within cirrus clouds with uncertain climate impact A. Petzold et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65532-2
- Experiment on the jet/trailing vortex interaction during the wake roll-up phase L. Claus et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/7qyr-zf7w
- Bio jet fuel potentials in Europe from perennial grasses from abandoned cropland C. Iordan & M. Morales https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109073
- Airline sustainability reporting in Europe: Progress, compliance and challenges L. Martín-Domingo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.101008
- Trade-offs in aviation impacts on climate favour non-CO2 mitigation M. Prather et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09198-2
- Impact of forecast stability on navigational contrail avoidance T. Dean et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ae1da5
- GVCCS: a dataset for contrail identification and tracking on visible whole sky camera sequences G. Jarry et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1037-2026
- Integrating realistic 3D aircraft trajectory optimization with climate impact metrics for sustainable aviation R. Chevallier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2026.101983
- LEVER-UQ: A probabilistic pre-design framework for scenario-based assessment of aviation sustainability levers K. Mazur & M. Hornung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2026.113718
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forecasting contrail climate forcing for flight planning and air traffic management applications: the CocipGrid model in pycontrails 0.51.0 Z. Engberg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-253-2025
- The social costs of aviation CO2 and contrail cirrus D. Johansson et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64355-5
- Review of methods for assessing the climate impacts of aviation technologies and the resulting best practices V. Grewe et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-026-00980-0
- Pathways for including non-carbon dioxide aviation climate effects in the European Emission Trading System V. Grewe et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03265-w
- Concept of risk-aware contrail avoidance strategies A. Borella et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/jecats-1-3-2026
- Benchmarking and improving algorithms for attributing satellite-observed contrails to flights A. Sarna et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3495-2025
- Most long-lived contrails form within cirrus clouds with uncertain climate impact A. Petzold et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-65532-2
- Experiment on the jet/trailing vortex interaction during the wake roll-up phase L. Claus et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/7qyr-zf7w
- Bio jet fuel potentials in Europe from perennial grasses from abandoned cropland C. Iordan & M. Morales https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109073
- Airline sustainability reporting in Europe: Progress, compliance and challenges L. Martín-Domingo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2025.101008
- Trade-offs in aviation impacts on climate favour non-CO2 mitigation M. Prather et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09198-2
- Impact of forecast stability on navigational contrail avoidance T. Dean et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/ae1da5
- GVCCS: a dataset for contrail identification and tracking on visible whole sky camera sequences G. Jarry et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1037-2026
- Integrating realistic 3D aircraft trajectory optimization with climate impact metrics for sustainable aviation R. Chevallier et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2026.101983
- LEVER-UQ: A probabilistic pre-design framework for scenario-based assessment of aviation sustainability levers K. Mazur & M. Hornung https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2026.113718
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Oct 2026
Short summary
This work studies how to compare the climate impact of the CO2 emitted and contrails formed by a flight. This is applied to contrail avoidance strategies that would decrease climate impact of flights by changing the trajectory of aircraft to avoid persistent contrail formation, at the risk of increasing CO2 emissions. We find that different comparison methods lead to different quantification of the total climate impact of a flight but lead to similar decisions of whether to reroute an aircraft.
This work studies how to compare the climate impact of the CO2 emitted and contrails formed by a...
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