Articles | Volume 24, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8625-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8625-2024
Research article
 | 
05 Aug 2024
Research article |  | 05 Aug 2024

The emission, transport, and impacts of the extreme Saharan dust storm of 2015

Brian Harr, Bing Pu, and Qinjian Jin

Data sets

GPM IMERG Final Precipitation L3 Half Hourly 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V06 G. J. Huffman et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/GPM/IMERG/3B-HH/06

ERA5 hourly data on pressure levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.bd0915c6

ERA5 monthly averaged data on pressure levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.6860a573

ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47

ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present H. Hersbach et al. https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f17050d7

MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_aer_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly,Time-averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Aerosol Diagnostics V5.12.4 Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) https://doi.org/10.5067/KLICLTZ8EM9D

MODIS Atmosphere L2 Aerosol Product R. Levy et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD04_L2.061

MODIS Atmosphere L2 Aerosol Product R. Levy et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD04_L2.061

MODIS Atmosphere L3 Daily Product S. Platnick et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD08_D3.061

MODIS Atmosphere L3 Daily Product S. Platnick et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD08_D3.061

MODIS Atmosphere L3 Monthly Product S. Platnick et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD08_M3.061

MODIS Atmosphere L3 Monthly Product S. Platnick et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD08_M3.061

AERONET - A Federated Instrument Network and Data Archive for Aerosol Characterization (https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/data.html) B. N. Holben et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00031-5

Air Quality System Data Mart US Environmental Protection Agency https://www.epa.gov/outdoor-air-quality-data/download-daily-data

CERES and GEO-Enhanced TOA, Within-Atmosphere and Surface Fluxes, Clouds and Aerosols Daily Terra-Aqua Edition4A NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC https://doi.org/10.5067/Terra+Aqua/CERES/SYN1degDay_L3.004A

CERES and GEO-Enhanced TOA, Within-Atmosphere and Surface Fluxes, Clouds and Aerosols Monthly Terra-Aqua Edition4A NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC https://doi.org/10.5067/TERRA+AQUA/CERES/SYN1DEGMONTH_L3.004A

CALIPSO Lidar Level 2 Aerosol Profile, V4-20 NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC https://doi.org/10.5067/CALIOP/CALIPSO/LID_L2_05KMAPRO-STANDARD-V4-20

CALIPSO Lidar Level 1B profile data, V4-51 NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC https://doi.org/10.5067/CALIOP/CALIPSO/CAL_LID_L1-Standard-V4-51

High Rate SEVIRI Level 1.5 Image Data - MSG - 0 degree European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMESAT) https://navigator.eumetsat.int/product/EO:EUM:DAT:MSG:HRSEVIRI?query=High%20Rate%20SEVIRI%20Level%201.5%20Image%20Data%20-%20MSG%20-%200%20degree&s=advanced

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Short summary
We found that the formation of the extreme trans-Atlantic African dust event in June 2015 was associated with a brief surge in dust emissions over western North Africa and extreme circulation patterns, including intensified easterly jets, which facilitated the westward transport of dust. The dust plume modified radiative flux along its transport pathway but had minor impacts on air quality in the US due to the record-high Caribbean low-level jet advecting part of the plume to the Pacific.
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