Articles | Volume 24, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4809-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4809-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Apr 2024
Research article |
| 23 Apr 2024
| 23 Apr 2024
Simulated phase state and viscosity of secondary organic aerosols over China
Zhiqiang Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Haiyan Ran
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Junling An
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Yu Qu
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Weiqi Xu
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Weiwei Hu
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Hongbin Xie
Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Zifa Wang
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Manabu Shiraiwa
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Impact of particle phase state on the competition between condensation and coagulation K. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00069F
- An improved model on the evaporation kinetics of the single aerosol droplet and its application for the droplet composed of ammonium sulfate or sucrose solution C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120627
- Water interactions with condensed carboxylic acids: adsorption and desorption of water on valeric acid surfaces S. Johansson et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6CP01088A
- Role of N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis in summer nitrate formation in Beijing: insights from direct measurements and model simulations W. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44407-025-00039-0
- Quantitative description of surface tension for nanodroplets containing ammonium sulfate and its application to the particle hygroscopicity prediction C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245540
- Direct Observation of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation and Core–Shell Morphology of PM2.5 Collected from Three Northeast Asian Cities and Implications for N2O5 Hydrolysis M. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00043
- Modelling the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on CCN concentrations over a rural boreal forest environment P. Clusius et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
- Evaluating simulations of organic aerosol volatility and degree of oxygenation in eastern China Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1001-2026
- Influence of alkane components present in outdoor fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) on bacterial community structure S. Kang et al. https://doi.org/10.15250/joie.2025.24.4.339
- Modeling the molecular composition of secondary organic aerosol under highly polluted conditions: A case study in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China Q. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173327
- Sulfur Chemistry at the Air-Water Interface P. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-082324-095359
- Evaluating parameterization schemes of dinitrogen pentoxide heterogeneous processes in the presence of organic coatings for size-resolved nitrate simulations over North China Y. Qu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121335
- The interplay between aqueous replacement reaction and the phase state of internally mixed organic/ammonium aerosols H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024
- Development of a method for measuring density of aqueous aerosol particles: implication for estimation of mass-based water contents S. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2026.106804
- Global Simulations of Phase State and Equilibration Time Scales of Secondary Organic Aerosols with GEOS-Chem R. Luu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00281
- Characterizing efflorescence regimes in organic–inorganic aerosols using thermodynamically modeled viscosity S. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9967-2026
- Uncertainties in the effects of organic aerosol coatings on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and their estimated health effects S. Lou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8163-2025
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Impact of particle phase state on the competition between condensation and coagulation K. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EA00069F
- An improved model on the evaporation kinetics of the single aerosol droplet and its application for the droplet composed of ammonium sulfate or sucrose solution C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120627
- Water interactions with condensed carboxylic acids: adsorption and desorption of water on valeric acid surfaces S. Johansson et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6CP01088A
- Role of N2O5 heterogeneous hydrolysis in summer nitrate formation in Beijing: insights from direct measurements and model simulations W. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44407-025-00039-0
- Quantitative description of surface tension for nanodroplets containing ammonium sulfate and its application to the particle hygroscopicity prediction C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245540
- Direct Observation of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation and Core–Shell Morphology of PM2.5 Collected from Three Northeast Asian Cities and Implications for N2O5 Hydrolysis M. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00043
- Modelling the impact of anthropogenic aerosols on CCN concentrations over a rural boreal forest environment P. Clusius et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1967-2026
- Evaluating simulations of organic aerosol volatility and degree of oxygenation in eastern China Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1001-2026
- Influence of alkane components present in outdoor fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) on bacterial community structure S. Kang et al. https://doi.org/10.15250/joie.2025.24.4.339
- Modeling the molecular composition of secondary organic aerosol under highly polluted conditions: A case study in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China Q. Huang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173327
- Sulfur Chemistry at the Air-Water Interface P. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-082324-095359
- Evaluating parameterization schemes of dinitrogen pentoxide heterogeneous processes in the presence of organic coatings for size-resolved nitrate simulations over North China Y. Qu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121335
- The interplay between aqueous replacement reaction and the phase state of internally mixed organic/ammonium aerosols H. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024
- Development of a method for measuring density of aqueous aerosol particles: implication for estimation of mass-based water contents S. Hou et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2026.106804
- Global Simulations of Phase State and Equilibration Time Scales of Secondary Organic Aerosols with GEOS-Chem R. Luu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00281
- Characterizing efflorescence regimes in organic–inorganic aerosols using thermodynamically modeled viscosity S. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9967-2026
- Uncertainties in the effects of organic aerosol coatings on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and their estimated health effects S. Lou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8163-2025
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 25 Jul 2026
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can exist in liquid, semi-solid, or amorphous solid states, which are rarely accounted for in current chemical transport models. We predict the phase state of SOA particles over China and find that in northwestern China SOA particles are mostly highly viscous or glassy solid. Our results indicate that the particle phase state should be considered in SOA formation in chemical transport models for more accurate prediction of SOA mass concentrations.
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can exist in liquid, semi-solid, or amorphous solid states,...
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