Temperature and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) sensitivity of orographic precipitation enhanced by a mixed-phase seeder–feeder mechanism:  a case study for the 2015 Cumbria flood

Thomas, Julia; Barrett, Andrew; Hoose, Corinna

doi:10.5194/acp-23-1987-2023

Articles | Volume 23, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1987-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1987-2023

© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 23, issue 3

Research article

|

08 Feb 2023

Research article |

| 08 Feb 2023

Temperature and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) sensitivity of orographic precipitation enhanced by a mixed-phase seeder–feeder mechanism: a case study for the 2015 Cumbria flood

Julia Thomas, Andrew Barrett, and Corinna Hoose

Viewed

Total article views: 4,391 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,294	966	131	4,391	123	178

HTML: 3,294
PDF: 966
XML: 131
Total: 4,391
BibTeX: 123
EndNote: 178

Views and downloads (calculated since 23 Aug 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Aug 2022	107	33	4	144
Sep 2022	64	22	4	90
Oct 2022	44	12	2	58
Nov 2022	32	4	0	36
Dec 2022	25	8	2	35
Jan 2023	19	5	0	24
Feb 2023	284	44	6	334
Mar 2023	94	12	1	107
Apr 2023	159	8	2	169
May 2023	80	3	0	83
Jun 2023	126	4	1	131
Jul 2023	76	7	2	85
Aug 2023	79	7	2	88
Sep 2023	93	2	0	95
Oct 2023	127	12	4	143
Nov 2023	45	1	0	46
Dec 2023	45	6	0	51
Jan 2024	15	3	0	18
Feb 2024	41	2	0	43
Mar 2024	32	12	3	47
Apr 2024	20	6	3	29
May 2024	45	6	0	51
Jun 2024	92	22	5	119
Jul 2024	157	13	9	179
Aug 2024	45	11	8	64
Sep 2024	39	12	1	52
Oct 2024	30	22	0	52
Nov 2024	17	6	1	24
Dec 2024	17	7	0	24
Jan 2025	25	14	0	39
Feb 2025	34	5	0	39
Mar 2025	47	9	1	57
Apr 2025	34	32	1	67
May 2025	61	19	0	80
Jun 2025	67	35	5	107
Jul 2025	40	28	3	71
Aug 2025	62	24	2	88
Sep 2025	146	38	2	186
Oct 2025	57	35	0	92
Nov 2025	94	108	5	207
Dec 2025	105	41	3	149
Jan 2026	155	46	23	224
Feb 2026	153	41	15	209
Mar 2026	56	82	4	142
Apr 2026	106	97	7	210
May 2026	3	0	3

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 23 Aug 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Aug 2022	107	33	4	144
Sep 2022	64	22	4	90
Oct 2022	44	12	2	58
Nov 2022	32	4	0	36
Dec 2022	25	8	2	35
Jan 2023	19	5	0	24
Feb 2023	284	44	6	334
Mar 2023	94	12	1	107
Apr 2023	159	8	2	169
May 2023	80	3	0	83
Jun 2023	126	4	1	131
Jul 2023	76	7	2	85
Aug 2023	79	7	2	88
Sep 2023	93	2	0	95
Oct 2023	127	12	4	143
Nov 2023	45	1	0	46
Dec 2023	45	6	0	51
Jan 2024	15	3	0	18
Feb 2024	41	2	0	43
Mar 2024	32	12	3	47
Apr 2024	20	6	3	29
May 2024	45	6	0	51
Jun 2024	92	22	5	119
Jul 2024	157	13	9	179
Aug 2024	45	11	8	64
Sep 2024	39	12	1	52
Oct 2024	30	22	0	52
Nov 2024	17	6	1	24
Dec 2024	17	7	0	24
Jan 2025	25	14	0	39
Feb 2025	34	5	0	39
Mar 2025	47	9	1	57
Apr 2025	34	32	1	67
May 2025	61	19	0	80
Jun 2025	67	35	5	107
Jul 2025	40	28	3	71
Aug 2025	62	24	2	88
Sep 2025	146	38	2	186
Oct 2025	57	35	0	92
Nov 2025	94	108	5	207
Dec 2025	105	41	3	149
Jan 2026	155	46	23	224
Feb 2026	153	41	15	209
Mar 2026	56	82	4	142
Apr 2026	106	97	7	210
May 2026	3	0	3

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Total article views: 4,391 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 4,312 with geography defined and 79 with unknown origin.

Country	#	Views	%

1

1

Cited

Saved (final revised paper)

Latest update: 02 May 2026

Short summary

We study the sensitivity of rain formation processes during a heavy-rainfall event over mountains to changes in temperature and pollution. Total rainfall increases by 2 % K⁻¹, and a 6 % K⁻¹ increase is found at the highest altitudes, caused by a mixed-phase seeder–feeder mechanism (frozen cloud particles melt and grow further as they fall through a liquid cloud layer). In a cleaner atmosphere this process is enhanced. Thus the risk of severe rainfall in mountains may increase in the future.