Articles | Volume 22, issue 15
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10319-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10319-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI
Pieternel F. Levelt
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3731 GA,
the Netherlands
University of Technology Delft (TU Delft), Delft, 2628 CN, the
Netherlands
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3731 GA,
the Netherlands
Ilse Aben
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Utrecht, 3584 CA, the Netherlands
Maite Bauwens
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
Tobias Borsdorff
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Utrecht, 3584 CA, the Netherlands
Isabelle De Smedt
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
Henk J. Eskes
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3731 GA,
the Netherlands
Christophe Lerot
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
Diego G. Loyola
German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Wessling,
Germany
Fabian Romahn
German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, 82234 Wessling,
Germany
Trissevgeni Stavrakou
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
Nicolas Theys
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
Michel Van Roozendael
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
J. Pepijn Veefkind
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3731 GA,
the Netherlands
University of Technology Delft (TU Delft), Delft, 2628 CN, the
Netherlands
Tijl Verhoelst
Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels,
1180, Belgium
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Cited
43 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Evaluating CHASER V4.0 global formaldehyde (HCHO) simulations using satellite, aircraft, and ground-based remote-sensing observations H. Hoque et al.
- A review of satellite remote sensing for pollution control and carbon reduction in China S. Zhao et al.
- Trans-boundary spatio-temporal analysis of Sentinel 5P tropospheric nitrogen dioxide and total carbon monoxide columns over Punjab and Haryana Regions with COVID-19 lockdown impact Y. Shabbir et al.
- Monitoring and Comparative Analysis of NO2 and HCHO in Shanghai Using Dual-Azimuth Scanning MAX-DOAS and TROPOMI H. Ren et al.
- Air Pollution Patterns Mapping of SO2, NO2, and CO Derived from TROPOMI over Central-East Europe B. Wieczorek
- Nitrogen oxides emissions from selected cities in North America, Europe, and East Asia observed by the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic C. Lonsdale & K. Sun
- Maritime sector contributions on NO2 surface concentrations in major ports of the Mediterranean Basin A. Pseftogkas et al.
- A Multivariate Geostatistical Framework to Assess the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Air Pollution and Land Surface Temperature in Bangladesh S. Rahaman et al.
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- Air quality and urban climate improvements in the world’s most populated region during the COVID-19 pandemic A. Damiani et al.
- Monitoring Trends of SO2 level Using Time-Series Sentinel-5 Images Based on Google Earth Engine B. Muslimbekov et al.
- Nitrogen dioxide spatiotemporal variations in the complex urban environment of Athens, Greece T. Drosoglou et al.
- Air quality in Africa from the telecoupled perspective: exploring interdisciplinary and transboundary scientific collaboration between Africa and the Global North M. Dekker et al.
- Peculiar COVID-19 effects in the Greater Tokyo Area revealed by spatiotemporal variabilities of tropospheric gases and light-absorbing aerosols A. Damiani et al.
- Unbalanced emission reductions of different species and sectors in China during COVID-19 lockdown derived by multi-species surface observation assimilation L. Kong et al.
- International maritime regulation decreases sulfur dioxide but increases nitrogen oxide emissions in the North and Baltic Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- Short-term trends of air quality and pollutant concentrations in Nigeria from 2018–2022 using tropospheric sentinel-5P and 3A/B satellite data D. Omokpariola et al.
- Comparison of PM10 Levels in Three of the Most Polluted Cities in Romania over the Periods Related to Lower Traffic—Implications for Human Health G. Burghelea et al.
- Ground-level gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, and CO) in China: daily seamless mapping and spatiotemporal variations J. Wei et al.
- Footprints of COVID-19 on PM2.5/PM10 Ratio in a Brazilian Tropical Metropolis R. Tavella et al.
- Validation of satellite formaldehyde products constrained by aircraft observations over the United States during fire seasons S. Sun et al.
- Assessment of tropospheric NO2 concentrations over greater Doha using Sentinel-5 TROPOspheric monitoring instrument (TROPOMI) satellite data: Temporal analysis, 2018–2023 Y. Mohieldeen et al.
- Deep transfer learning method for seasonal TROPOMI XCH4 albedo correction A. Bradley et al.
- Quantifying the diurnal variation in atmospheric NO2 from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) observations D. Edwards et al.
- NOx emissions in France in 2019–2021 as estimated by the high-spatial-resolution assimilation of TROPOMI NO2 observations R. Plauchu et al.
- Characterizing global air pollution seasonality and trends through integrated satellite and meteorological analytics M. Naveed et al.
- Air Quality Index (AQI) Did Not Improve during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Shanghai, China, in 2022, Based on Ground and TROPOMI Observations Q. Ma et al.
- Source identification of volatile organic compounds precursors from glyoxal and secondary formaldehyde utilizing MAX-DOAS observations in guangzhou, China J. Xing et al.
- Applications of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Satellite Sensor: A Review A. Reshi et al.
- Air Pollution Inequality in the Denver Metroplex and its Relationship to Historical Redlining A. Bradley et al.
- Global NO2 changes between 2019 and 2024 as observed by TROPOMI in urban areas and emerging hotspots D. Huber et al.
- Evaluation of spatial distribution and temporal trend of nitrogen dioxide ($${{\varvec{N}}{\varvec{O}}}_{2}$$) pollution using Sentinel-5P satellite imagery over Afghanistan based on Google Earth Engine M. Nabizada et al.
- Geospatial association between aerosols and its short-lived precursors over South Asia H. Baranwal et al.
- Impacts of Russia-Ukraine War on air pollution over the Black Sea Region due to changes in maritime transport M. Onay et al.
- Aggravated surface O3 pollution primarily driven by meteorological variations in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period Z. Lu et al.
- Assessing the impact of land cover on air quality parameters in Jordan: A spatiotemporal study using remote sensing and cloud computing (2019–2022) K. Hazaymeh & M. Al-Jarrah
- Air quality monitoring in Ukraine during 2022 military conflict using Sentinel-5P imagery M. Mehrabi et al.
- Efficacy of China’s clean air actions to tackle PM2.5 pollution between 2013 and 2020 G. Geng et al.
- SO2 emissions derived from TROPOMI observations over India using a flux-divergence method with variable lifetimes Y. Chen et al.
- How historical siting decisions promote modern pollution disparities in Denver, Colorado A. Bradley et al.
- Tracking air quality trends and vehicle traffic dynamics at urban scale using satellite and ground data before and after the COVID-19 outbreak D. De Santis et al.
- Satellite air quality monitoring: an interactive and accessible tool for spatiotemporal analysis using Google Earth Engine A. Ayek et al.
43 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Estimation of NO2 emission strengths over Riyadh and Madrid from space from a combination of wind-assigned anomalies and a machine learning technique Q. Tu et al.
- Evaluating CHASER V4.0 global formaldehyde (HCHO) simulations using satellite, aircraft, and ground-based remote-sensing observations H. Hoque et al.
- A review of satellite remote sensing for pollution control and carbon reduction in China S. Zhao et al.
- Trans-boundary spatio-temporal analysis of Sentinel 5P tropospheric nitrogen dioxide and total carbon monoxide columns over Punjab and Haryana Regions with COVID-19 lockdown impact Y. Shabbir et al.
- Monitoring and Comparative Analysis of NO2 and HCHO in Shanghai Using Dual-Azimuth Scanning MAX-DOAS and TROPOMI H. Ren et al.
- Air Pollution Patterns Mapping of SO2, NO2, and CO Derived from TROPOMI over Central-East Europe B. Wieczorek
- Nitrogen oxides emissions from selected cities in North America, Europe, and East Asia observed by the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic C. Lonsdale & K. Sun
- Maritime sector contributions on NO2 surface concentrations in major ports of the Mediterranean Basin A. Pseftogkas et al.
- A Multivariate Geostatistical Framework to Assess the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Air Pollution and Land Surface Temperature in Bangladesh S. Rahaman et al.
- Estimating surface NO2 concentrations over Europe using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI observations and Machine Learning S. Shetty et al.
- Air quality and urban climate improvements in the world’s most populated region during the COVID-19 pandemic A. Damiani et al.
- Monitoring Trends of SO2 level Using Time-Series Sentinel-5 Images Based on Google Earth Engine B. Muslimbekov et al.
- Nitrogen dioxide spatiotemporal variations in the complex urban environment of Athens, Greece T. Drosoglou et al.
- Air quality in Africa from the telecoupled perspective: exploring interdisciplinary and transboundary scientific collaboration between Africa and the Global North M. Dekker et al.
- Peculiar COVID-19 effects in the Greater Tokyo Area revealed by spatiotemporal variabilities of tropospheric gases and light-absorbing aerosols A. Damiani et al.
- Unbalanced emission reductions of different species and sectors in China during COVID-19 lockdown derived by multi-species surface observation assimilation L. Kong et al.
- International maritime regulation decreases sulfur dioxide but increases nitrogen oxide emissions in the North and Baltic Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- Short-term trends of air quality and pollutant concentrations in Nigeria from 2018–2022 using tropospheric sentinel-5P and 3A/B satellite data D. Omokpariola et al.
- Comparison of PM10 Levels in Three of the Most Polluted Cities in Romania over the Periods Related to Lower Traffic—Implications for Human Health G. Burghelea et al.
- Ground-level gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, and CO) in China: daily seamless mapping and spatiotemporal variations J. Wei et al.
- Footprints of COVID-19 on PM2.5/PM10 Ratio in a Brazilian Tropical Metropolis R. Tavella et al.
- Validation of satellite formaldehyde products constrained by aircraft observations over the United States during fire seasons S. Sun et al.
- Assessment of tropospheric NO2 concentrations over greater Doha using Sentinel-5 TROPOspheric monitoring instrument (TROPOMI) satellite data: Temporal analysis, 2018–2023 Y. Mohieldeen et al.
- Deep transfer learning method for seasonal TROPOMI XCH4 albedo correction A. Bradley et al.
- Quantifying the diurnal variation in atmospheric NO2 from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) observations D. Edwards et al.
- NOx emissions in France in 2019–2021 as estimated by the high-spatial-resolution assimilation of TROPOMI NO2 observations R. Plauchu et al.
- Characterizing global air pollution seasonality and trends through integrated satellite and meteorological analytics M. Naveed et al.
- Air Quality Index (AQI) Did Not Improve during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Shanghai, China, in 2022, Based on Ground and TROPOMI Observations Q. Ma et al.
- Source identification of volatile organic compounds precursors from glyoxal and secondary formaldehyde utilizing MAX-DOAS observations in guangzhou, China J. Xing et al.
- Applications of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Satellite Sensor: A Review A. Reshi et al.
- Air Pollution Inequality in the Denver Metroplex and its Relationship to Historical Redlining A. Bradley et al.
- Global NO2 changes between 2019 and 2024 as observed by TROPOMI in urban areas and emerging hotspots D. Huber et al.
- Evaluation of spatial distribution and temporal trend of nitrogen dioxide ($${{\varvec{N}}{\varvec{O}}}_{2}$$) pollution using Sentinel-5P satellite imagery over Afghanistan based on Google Earth Engine M. Nabizada et al.
- Geospatial association between aerosols and its short-lived precursors over South Asia H. Baranwal et al.
- Impacts of Russia-Ukraine War on air pollution over the Black Sea Region due to changes in maritime transport M. Onay et al.
- Aggravated surface O3 pollution primarily driven by meteorological variations in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period Z. Lu et al.
- Assessing the impact of land cover on air quality parameters in Jordan: A spatiotemporal study using remote sensing and cloud computing (2019–2022) K. Hazaymeh & M. Al-Jarrah
- Air quality monitoring in Ukraine during 2022 military conflict using Sentinel-5P imagery M. Mehrabi et al.
- Efficacy of China’s clean air actions to tackle PM2.5 pollution between 2013 and 2020 G. Geng et al.
- SO2 emissions derived from TROPOMI observations over India using a flux-divergence method with variable lifetimes Y. Chen et al.
- How historical siting decisions promote modern pollution disparities in Denver, Colorado A. Bradley et al.
- Tracking air quality trends and vehicle traffic dynamics at urban scale using satellite and ground data before and after the COVID-19 outbreak D. De Santis et al.
- Satellite air quality monitoring: an interactive and accessible tool for spatiotemporal analysis using Google Earth Engine A. Ayek et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 Apr 2026
Short summary
Using the COVID-19 lockdown periods as an example, we show how Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI trace gas data (NO2, SO2, CO, HCHO and CHOCHO) can be used to understand impacts on air quality for regions and cities around the globe. We also provide information for both experienced and inexperienced users about how we created the data using state-of-the-art algorithms, where to get the data, methods taking meteorological and seasonal variability into consideration, and insights for future studies.
Using the COVID-19 lockdown periods as an example, we show how Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI trace gas...
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